Sonke siyakwazi ukwesaba nokushaqeka okuhambisana nokuzwa amagama athi "umdlavuza webele." Kodwa kunzima ukuchaza umuzwa wokwazi ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okungukuthi, usuphenduke 'i-metastatic.' Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi awuwedwa ngalesi sikhathi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo, ngaphandle kokuthwesa inhliziyo yakho umthwalo, njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane wakho.
Kalula nje, uyini umdlavuza webele osakazeke kakhulu?
Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi 'umdlavuza webele osakazeka kalula'. Abanye babiza nangokuthi 'umdlavuza webele othuthukisiwe' noma 'umdlavuza webele wesigaba sesi-4'.
Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza aqale ebeleni ephuka, adlule emithanjeni yegazi noma emithanjeni ye-lymph, bese akha amathumba amasha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ngamanye amazwi, amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza aphunyuka ekhaya lawo lokuqala, ibele, bese akha amakoloni amasha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi nakuba lesi simo singelapheki ngokuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo namuhla ezingathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila futhi zisize abantu baphile isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezokwelapha, inani labantu abaphila nalesi simo isikhathi eside liyanda usuku nosuku.
Akuwona wonke umuntu othola umdlavuza webele ozoqala ukuba nalesi simo. Ngokusho kwedatha, phakathi kuka-20% no-30% wabesifazane abanomdlavuza webele osesigabeni sokuqala bazogcina benawo umdlavuza ngale ndlela. Futhi, ngisho nalapho umdlavuza webele utholakala okokuqala, inani elincane (cishe u-6%) kungenzeka ukuthi selivele lisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi simo?
Uma unalesi simo, kuyinto evamile ukukhathazeka ngokuthi ngisho nezinguquko ezincane emzimbeni wakho zingaba uphawu lokuthi umdlavuza uyasakazeka. Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke izinguquko noma ubuhlungu ezisho ukuthi umdlavuza uya uba mubi kakhulu.
Isibonelo, ukukhathala kuwuphawu oluvamile lwalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, kungaba nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa okufana ne-chemotherapy. Kodwa-ke, uma uzizwa ukhathele njalo, ulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, noma wehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzama, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Izimpawu ezithile zingase zivele kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza usakazekele kuphi. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Lapho umdlavuza ususakazeke khona | Izimpawu ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Amathambo |
|
| Ubuchopho | |
| Amaphaphu | |
| Isibindi |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Umdlavuza usakazeka kanjani?
Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka njengokuphindaphinda komdlavuza ngemva kokuba umdlavuza wokuqala usulashwe. Cabanga ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma wonke amangqamuzana omdlavuza engabhujiswa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
Ngezinye izikhathi, amangqamuzana omdlavuza mancane kakhulu kangangokuthi awatholakali ngisho nangokuhlolwa. Ngisho noma umdlavuza ususwa ngokuhlinzwa, awusebenzi kahle ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, amangqamuzana ambalwa omdlavuza amancane angase asakazekele ezicutshini eziseduze, kuma-lymph node, noma egazini.
Ngale ndlela, amangqamuzana omdlavuza aphunyukile ekwelashweni futhi abe buthaka, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, aqala ukuqina futhi. Ayakhula, ahlukane, futhi aphindaphindeke futhi. Bese, ahamba ngemithambo yegazi kanye nohlelo lwe-lymphatic, olufana nemigwaqo emikhulu emzimbeni wethu, futhi ahlale ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi lawa maseli angalala izinyanga noma iminyaka bese eqala ukusebenza ngokuzumayo. Yingakho lesi simo singavela ngisho neminyaka ngemva kokwelashwa.
Ungasibona kanjani lesi simo?
Uma unezimpawu ezingenhla, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo, ezifana nalezi:
- I-Biopsy: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu ezisolisayo bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa okufana nokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele kunikeza umbono wempilo yomzimba jikelele.
- I-Bronchoscopy: Uma kunendawo esolisayo emaphashini, kufakwa ithubhu elincane elinekhamera ukuze kuhlolwe ingaphakathi lamaphaphu.
- Ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana nokuskena kwamathambo, ama-X-ray esifubeni, ukuskena kwe-CT, ukuskena kwe-MRI, ukuskena kwe-PET, kanye nokuskena kwe-ultrasound kungasiza ekunqumeni ngqo ukuthi umdlavuza usakazeke kuphi.
- "Ama-Taps": Inqubo yokuthatha uketshezi endaweni lapho kukhona khona izimpawu bese uluhlola. Isibonelo, ukupompa kwe-pleural noma ukupompa komgogodla.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, alikho ikhambi lalesi simo okwamanje. Ngakho-ke, umgomo oyinhloko wodokotela ukukusiza uphile impilo yakho engcono kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, ngemiphumela emibi embalwa ngangokunokwenzeka, nokwandisa isikhathi sakho sokuphila.
Lokho kusho ukuthi akukho ukwelashwa okukodwa kwalokhu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nawe ngqo. Lokhu kuzothonywa yizici ezilandelayo:
- Uhlobo lomdlavuza webele: Isibonelo, ukwelashwa komdlavuza one-hormone kuhlukile ekwelashweni komdlavuza one-triple-negative.
- Lapho umdlavuza ususakazeke khona: Ukwelashwa komdlavuza osakazeke esibindini kungase kuhluke kunokwelashwa komdlavuza osakazeke emaphashini.
- Ukwelashwa kwakho kwangaphambilini: Siphinde sicabangele indlela umdlavuza wakho owasabela ngayo ekwelashweni kwangaphambilini nokuthi lokho kwelashwa kukuthinte kanjani.
- Imibiko yokuhlolwa: Ulwazi oluvela ezivivinyweni zelebhu mayelana nohlobo kanye nokuziphatha kwamaseli omdlavuza nalo lubalulekile.
Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo yilezi:
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
- Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone
- Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy
- Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa?
Lapho kwelashwa umdlavuza osesigabeni sokuqala, umgomo kwakuwukwelapha umdlavuza ngokuwelapha isikhathi esithile. Kodwa manje, umgomo uwukunciphisa amathumba amasha, ukulawula ukusabalala komdlavuza, nokuphatha izimpawu. Ngakho-ke, kungadingeka uqhubeke nokuthola ukwelashwa okungapheli.
Mayelana nokuphila nalesi simo
Ukuphila nalesi simo kungase kuzwakale kujwayelekile kuwe ngezindlela ezithile. Usathola ukwelashwa, uphatha izimpawu, futhi ubhekene nezinselele zansuku zonke zesifo esingathi sína. Umehluko ukuthi manje umdlavuza usezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho futhi awupheli kalula.
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi kungaba nzima kangakanani ukuzwa leli qiniso. Ungase uzizwe ungenalusizo, njengokungathi ulahlekelwe ukulawula impilo yakho. Uma uzizwa ngaleyo ndlela, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze uphathe ukucindezeleka nesimo:
- Cabanga ngokunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu: Ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu akusizi nje kuphela ukulawula imiphumela emibi kanye nezimpawu zokwelashwa, kodwa futhi kunikeza izinsiza kanye nokusekelwa okudingayo ukuze ulondoloze impilo yakho yengqondo.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo okukufanele: Ukwelashwa kunganciphisa isifiso sakho sokudla. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokudla kwakho, khuluma nochwepheshe wezokudla.
- Thatha kancane, isinyathelo ngasinye: Ukuphila nalesi simo kungazwakala sengathi ugijima i-marathon engapheli. Ngakho zama ukungesabi, kodwa ukuthathe usuku ngalunye, inselele ngayinye ngesikhathi.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukuthi unethimba lezokwelapha, umndeni, nabangani abazokusekela kulolu hambo. Khuluma nabo ngokukhululekile ngemizwa yakho, ukwesaba kwakho, namathemba akho.
Ingabe lesi simo asinakuvinjelwa?
Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukusabalala komdlavuza webele. Into ebalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu akubangelwa yinoma yini oyenzile noma ongayenzanga. Kungenxa yokuthi amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza asinda ekwelashweni ajikeleza emzimbeni wonke.
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuqaphela izimpawu ezintsha ngenkathi unakekela impilo yakho iyonke. Nakuba ukwelashwa kungeke kukwelaphe lokhu, ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekulawuleni lesi sifo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umdlavuza webele oqala emabeleni usakazekela kwezinye izitho zomzimba (njengamathambo, ubuchopho, amaphaphu, isibindi).
- Nakuba ingelapheki ngokuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo namuhla ezingasiza ekwandiseni impilo futhi zilondoloze izinga elihle lokuphila.
- Izimpawu zincike ekutheni umdlavuza usakazeke kuphi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile neziqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho.
- Ukwelashwa kuhlukile kumuntu ngamunye futhi kuncike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, ukuthi usakazeke kuphi, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Lolu hambo lungaba nzima. Kodwa khumbula, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, nabangani bakho bakhona ukukusekela. Awuwedwa.
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