Inhliziyo yakho ifana nenjini emzimbeni wakho. Ukuze le njini isebenze kahle, zonke izingxenye ezingaphakathi kwayo kudingeka zisebenze kahle. Izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zenhliziyo ama-valve. Njengeminyango ephakathi kwamakamelo endlini, la ma-valve asiza ukugeleza kwegazi ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Elinye lala ma-valve yi-Mitral Valve. Ngezinye izikhathi, le-valve ye-mitral ingaba nephutha. Esikhathini esidlule, ukuze uyilungise, kwakudingeka uvule isifuba sakho wenze ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kodwa manje, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngemigodi emincane ngaphandle kokusikwa okukhulu kangaka. Yingakho sikubiza ngokuthi 'Ukulungiswa Kwe-Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve'. Sikhuluma ngalokhu namuhla.
Kalula nje, kuyini lokhu kulungiswa kwevalvu encane ye-mitral incision?
Kulula kakhulu. Cabanga ngakho, i-valve ye-mitral ingumnyango ophakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu kwesobunxele (i-atrium kwesobunxele) kanye negumbi elingezansi kwesobunxele (i-ventricle kwesobunxele) yenhliziyo yakho. Umsebenzi walo mnyango ukuvumela igazi ligeleze lisuka phezulu liye phansi bese ulivala ukuze lingaphinde ligeleze. Ngakho-ke uma lo mnyango ungavali kahle, noma ungavuli kahle, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyaphazamiseka. Yilapho-ke leli valve lidinga ukulungiswa khona.
'Okungangeni kakhulu' kusho "okwenziwe ngomonakalo omncane." Esikhundleni sokwenza ukusika okude ngamasentimitha amabili phakathi kwesifuba njengasekuhlinzeni kwenhliziyo okujwayelekile, le ndlela ihilela ukwenza ukusika okuncane okukodwa noma ngaphezulu, okungamasentimitha ambalwa ubude, ohlangothini lwesifuba phakathi kwezimbambo.
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi. Udokotela ohlinzayo ulawula ingalo yerobhothi edlula kulezi zimbobo ezincane bese elungisa ivalvu ngokucophelela. Kufana nokuphula umnyango omkhulu bese ungena endlini, bese ubheka ngembobo yesihluthulelo bese ufaka ucingo oluncane ukuze ulungise ilokhi.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyadingeka khona?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezifo ezimbili ezenzeka ku-valve ye-mitral. Ake sibheke lezi zimo ezimbili ngokuningiliziwe ukuze siziqonde kalula.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Kalula nje, kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Mitral Valve | Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi uma inhliziyo ishaya, amapheshana e-valve awavaleki kahle. Kufana nokukhiya komnyango okuphukile. Bese igazi liphuma ekamelweni elingezansi libuyela ekamelweni eliphezulu. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo isebenze kanzima. |
| I-Mitral Valve Stenosis | Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amapheshana e-valve aba makhulu, aqine , futhi ngezinye izikhathi anamathele ndawonye. Kufana nezihibe zomnyango ezigqwalile. Khona-ke umnyango awukwazi ukuvuleka kahle. Lokho kusho ukuthi indlela yokugeleza kwegazi iba mncane. Inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi. |
Uma udokotela ethi unalesi simo, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungaba yisisombululo esihle.
Uyini umehluko phakathi 'kokulungisa' kanye 'nokufaka' ivalvu esikhundleni sayo?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukulungisa: Okwenzayo lapha ukugcina ivalvu yakho bese ulungisa kuphela iphutha elikuyo. Kufana nokulungisa umlenze wesihlalo ophukile. Awuthengi isihlalo esisha.
- Ukufaka esikhundleni: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ivalvu yakho ngokuphelele bese uyishintsha ngevalvu yokwenziwa (ivalvu yomshini) noma ivalvu eyenziwe ngezicubu zezilwane (ezengulubeni noma enkomeni).
Odokotela bahlala bezama ukulungisa ivalvu, ngoba akukho okungcono kunevalvu yakho yemvelo . Uma isilungisiwe, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi uphuze imithi yokuvimbela ukugabha kwegazi impilo yakho yonke. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma umonakalo wevalvu umkhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukulungiswa, kungadingeka ukuthi ushintshwe.
Ngakho-ke uyilungisa kanjani ivalvu ngalo msebenzi omncane wokuhlinzwa?
Udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi inkinga ikuphi nge-valve yakho.
- I-Annuloplasty: Lena inqubo evame kakhulu. Ukuze kuqiniswe ivalvu evuzayo, kufakwa indandatho ye-mesh noma yensimbi nxazonke bese ithungwa. Lokhu kubuyisela isimo sevalvu futhi kuvumela amapheshana ukuthi avaleke kahle.
- Ukuxhuma amapheshana e-valve: Ngezinye izikhathi amapheshana e-valve angaba buthaka futhi awe. Ngemuva kwalokho, lawo mapheshana ayaqiniswa.
- Ukuvala imbobo kuvalvu: Uma kukhona imbobo kuvalvu, ivaliwe.
- Ukususwa kwezicubu ezisele: Ngezinye izikhathi, izicubu ezengeziwe zingakhula ngendlela evimbela amapheshana e-valve ukuthi angavaleki kahle. Kulokhu, izingxenye ezingafuneki ziyasikwa bese zisuswa.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwamapheshana e-valve anamathele: Njengasendabeni ye-stenosis, amapheshana anamathele ndawonye ahlukaniswa kancane futhi avunyelwe ukuthi avuleke kahle futhi.
Ubani ofanelekela lo msebenzi wokuhlinzwa? Ingabe wonke umuntu angakwenza?
Cha. Lokhu kuhlinzwa akulona olwawo wonke umuntu. Odokotela bacabangela izici eziningana ukuze banqume ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini lokhu noma cha.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi sinqumo senziwe udokotela wakho wenhliziyo kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo ndawonye, ngemuva kokuhlola ngokucophelela isimo sakho.
| Izinto okufanele uzicabangele | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isimo senhliziyo yakho iyonke | Bahlola ukuthi inhliziyo isebenza kanjani nokuthi ngabe zikhona yini ezinye izifo. |
| Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kudingeka yini ezinye izihlinzeko | Uma udinga ukwenza okunye ngesikhathi esifanayo nalokhu kuhlinzwa, njengokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass, kungadingeka ukuthi uye kokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwendabuko. |
| Indlela Yokuphila | Le ndlela ingase ingafaneleki kubantu ababhemayo noma abakhuluphele kakhulu (i-BMI engaphezu kuka-30), njengoba izingozi zokuhlinzwa ziphakeme. |
| Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha | Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungase kungasebenzi uma unesifo esibi semithambo yenhliziyo noma inkinga enkulu nge-valve enye (i-aortic valve). |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Ngemva kokunquma ukuthi uzohlinzwa kanjani, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo edingekayo futhi azokwenza nokuhlolwa okuningana ukuze afunde kabanzi ngenhliziyo yakho.
- I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi ama-valve enhliziyo asebenza kanjani nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani.
- Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo:Lokhu kuhlola ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni (imithambo ye-coronary).
- I-CT Scan: Lokhu kuveza nezithombe ezinemininingwane zemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni nasesifubeni.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
Lezi yizinto ezenzeka phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa, okuvame ukuthatha amahora amabili kuya kwamane.
1. Udokotela wezinzwa uzokufaka ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uzwe lutho, uzobe ulele ngokuphelele.
2. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusika okuncane okungaba amasentimitha angu-4-6 ohlangothini lwesokudla lwesifuba sakho, phakathi kwezimbambo.
3. Ngalesi simbozo, kufakwa ithubhu elincane (i-endoscope) elinekhamera enamathiselwe kulo, bese kusetshenziswa imonitha ukubuka i-valve yakho ye-mitral ngokuningiliziwe.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa izinto zokuhlinza ezincane kakhulu, ezinde ngokusebenzisa i-incision bese kulungiswa iphutha elisevalvini.
5. Ngemva kokuba umsebenzi usuqediwe, amathuluzi ayakhishwa bese kuthi ukusikwa kuthungwe kuvalwe.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzogcinwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kuzoqashwa. Ungase futhi ubeke amapayipi okukhipha amanzi esifubeni sakho ukuze ukhiphe noma yiluphi uketshezi okungenzeka ukuthi luqongelelene.
Ngemuva kwalokho uzodluliselwa ewadini evamile. Uzosizwa ukuthi uvuke uhambe ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Uma kukhona uketshezi emaphashini akho, uzotshelwa ukuthi wenze izivivinyo zokuphefumula ukuze ulususe. Ngokuvamile uzoba sesibhedlela cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya.
| Izinzuzo zalokhu kuhlinzwa | Izingozi ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Ukululama okusheshayo nokululama. | Ukopha kanye nokujiya kwegazi. |
| Ubuhlungu buncane, ngakho-ke isidingo semithi enamandla yokudambisa izinhlungu sincane. | Ukuvela kwezifo ezithathelwanayo. |
| Ingozi yokutheleleka nokopha iphansi. | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmias). |
| Isilonda sincane kakhulu. | Ingozi encane yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi. |
| Isikhathi esichithwa esibhedlela sincane. |
Isikhathi sokululama sinjani ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya?
Ungase uzizwe ukhathele njengenjwayelo amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Lokhu kuvamile. Uzophinde uthole amandla akho kancane kancane. Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ukuthi ungabuyela nini emsebenzini bese uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile. Kufanele ugweme ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo amasonto ambalwa.
Futhi, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuthi uhlanganyele ohlelweni lokuvuselela inhliziyo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Lezi zinhlelo zingakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise ukufaneleka kwakho ngokuzivocavoca okuphephile kanye nokudla okunempilo.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zenkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha . Qaphela kakhulu lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo.
| Qaphela! Uma unalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. | |
|---|---|
| - Ubomvu noma uketshezi oluphuma esithonjeni. | - Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha (ukushaya kwenhliziyo). |
| - Ukuvuvukala okukhulu noma ukubomvu okuzungeze indawo yokusikwa. | - Ukuvuvukala okungavamile kwemilenze noma izinyawo (i-edema). |
| - Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda. | - Isisindo esingaphezu kuka-1.5 kg (amakhilogremu angu-3) phakathi nesonto. |
Okokugcina, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ngisho nokungenelela kwe-percutaneous ukulungisa lezi zinhlobo zama-valve. Lokhu kuhilela ukudlulisa ipayipi ngemithambo yegazi e-groin liye enhliziyweni, bese kufakwa amathuluzi kulo ukulungisa i-valve. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- 'Ukulungiswa kwe-mitral valve okungavamile' inqubo yokuhlinzwa yesimanje elungisa amaphutha e-mitral valve ngokusikwa okuncane, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba.
- Le ndlela ayibuhlungu kakhulu, idinga ukuhlala esibhedlela okuncane, ishiya isilonda esincane, futhi ivumela ukululama okusheshayo.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa akufaneleki kubo bonke iziguli. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizonquma ukuthi kulungile yini kuwe.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungangabazi ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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