Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu, ukuqaqamba, noma umuzwa nje wokuba ndikindiki emilenzeni yakho uma uhamba? Ingabe imilenze yakho iqala ukuqaqamba ngemva kokuhamba ibanga elifushane, futhi ubuhlungu buyaphela ngemva kokuma isikhashana? Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu kungaba ukuthi imithambo ethwala igazi emilenzeni yakho ivalekile ngamafutha. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Peripheral Artery Disease, noma i-PAD ngamafuphi. Ngakho-ke namuhla sikhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha ekhethekile nethuthuke kakhulu ehlanza le mithambo evalekile futhi ibuyisele ukugeleza kwegazi. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-Atherectomy.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Atherectomy?
Njengoba nje ipayipi lamanzi endlini yethu livaleka ukungcola nokugqwala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto ezinamafutha ezifana ne-cholesterol nazo zinganqwabelana emithanjeni yomzimba wethu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Sibiza lolu ngqimba lwamafutha oluqoqa 'i-plaque' . Lolu ngqimba lwe-plaque luyaqina kancane kancane futhi lunciphise isikhala ngaphakathi komthambo. Ukuze kube sobala, lunciphisa umthambo. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza le nqubo ngokuthi i-Atherosclerosis . Ngakho-ke i-PAD yisimo se-Atherosclerosis esibangela ukuba imithambo esezithweni, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni, ivaleke.
Ukususwa kwe-atherectomy inqubo lapho kufakwa khona ipayipi elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) emthanjeni ovinjiwe bese, kusetshenziswa i-blade encane noma i-laser beam ekugcineni kwepayipi, i-plaque eqinile iyasikwa bese ikhuhlwa. Kufana nokuhlanza ucezu oluncane lokungcola olunamathele ngaphakathi kwepayipi ngethuluzi elikhethekile.
Ngemva kokuthi lokhu kwenziwe, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kuyasuswa, futhi igazi lingageleza ngokukhululeka. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokususa lolu ngqimba olunamafutha, odokotela bangenza i-angioplasty ukuze bagcine imithambo yegazi ivulekile, kungaba ngokufaka ibhaluni noma i-stent .
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelapha nge-atherectomy?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zokwelapha nge-atherectomy, kuye ngokuthi iyiphi idivayisi esetshenzisiwe ukususa lolu layer lwe-plaque. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha indlela efaneleka kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nohlobo lokuvaleka kwemithambo yakho yegazi kanye nohlobo lwelayer lwe-plaque.
| Igama lendlela yokwelapha (Uhlobo lwe-Atherectomy) | Indlela Esebenza Ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Excisional Atherectomy | Lokhu kuhilela ukusika nokususa ungqimba lwe-plaque ohlangothini olulodwa ngethuluzi elinomhlanga omncane. |
| Ukususwa kwe-Laser kwe-Atherectomy | Njengoba igama lisikisela, lokhu kusebenzisa umsebe we-laser onamandla aphezulu ukuncibilikisa, ukuhwamukisa, nokususa ungqimba lwe-plaque. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Orbital Atherectomy | Lokhu kufana nokususa ukugqwala ngephepha lokusanta. Idivayisi enesihloko sedayimane esijikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu isetshenziselwa ukukhuhla nokucola ungqimba lwe-plaque. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Rotational Atherectomy | Kulesi simo, idivayisi enama-blade amaningana amancane ajikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu isetshenziselwa ukusika, ukuchoboza, nokususa ungqimba lwe-plaque. |
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ngaphambi kwalokhu kwelashwa?
Ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho anqume ukwenza lokhu kwelashwa, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze abone ukuthi imithambo yakho ivalekile kangakanani nokuthi ikuphi ngqo.
- I-Angiography: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emithanjeni yakho yegazi nokuthatha izithombe ze-X-ray zegazi eligeleza kuyo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokucacile noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa.
- I-Vascular Ultrasound: Lokhu kufana nokuskena okuvamile. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukukala ijubane lokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni nokuthola ukuvaleka.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini ukuhlinzwa kwe-Atherectomy. Udokotela uzobe esekunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ukwelashwa.
- Ukudla Nokuphuza: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukudla noma ukuphuza amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
- Imithi: Kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant) noma i-aspirin. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Uma uya esibhedlela ngosuku lokwelashwa kwakho, uzonikezwa ingubo yasesibhedlela bese kufakwa ipayipi elincane emthanjeni ongalweni yakho ukuze likunike umuthi wokubulala izinzwa. Ungakhathazeki, konke lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi ungazizwa ungakhululekile noma ubuhlungu.
Ukwelashwa kusebenza kanjani?
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kwenziwa kanjani ngempela. Lokhu akuyona ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ngakho-ke akukwenzi ukusikwa okukhulu emzimbeni wakho.
1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa umuthi oqeda izinhlungu kanye nomuthi wokudambisa ukuze uzizwe udakiwe kancane. Ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu, kodwa uzophaphama.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela uzokwenza i-incision encane esikhumbeni sakho ukuze afake ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) komunye wemithambo yakho (ngokuvamile esinqeni sakho noma esihlakaleni).
3. Okulandelayo, ithubhu liqondiswa ngokucophelela ngemithambo yegazi, ngaphansi kwesiqondiso se-X-ray, bese lithunyelwa endaweni lapho i-plaque iqongelele khona futhi ivinjiwe.
4. Ekugcineni, idivayisi ekhethekile (i-blade, i-laser, noma i-rotation tip) ekugcineni kwe-tube iyavulwa, ungqimba lwe-plaque luyanqunywa, lukhuhlwe, bese izingcezu zisuswa nge-tube.
Lokhu kungadinga ukwenziwa izikhathi eziningana kuze kube yilapho ukugeleza kwegazi sekubuyiselwe ngokuphelele. Inqubo yonke ivame ukuthatha cishe amahora amabili.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Ngemva kokuba ukwelashwa sekuqediwe ngempumelelo, kuzodingeka ulale embhedeni amahora ambalwa (ngokuvamile amahora angu-4-6) ukuze uvimbele ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni yokufaka i-catheter. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, abahlengikazi bazohlola njalo umfutho wegazi lakho, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kwenziwa njengenqubo yokulaliswa esibhedlela ngaphandle, okusho ukuthi ungaya ekhaya kusihlwa esifanayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, kuye ngesimo sakho, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela usuku lonke.
Ngokuvamile ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isikhathi sokululama somuntu ngamunye sihlukile, kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho ngesikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho.
Izinzuzo kanye nezingozi zokwelashwa nge-atherectomy
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, i-atherectomy inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezingozi ezincane kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi/Izinkinga |
|---|---|
| Inikeza impumuzo ngokushesha ezimpawini ze-PAD (njengobuhlungu bomlenze). | Uma usika i-plaque, ingxenye encane yayo ingaphuka bese inamathela komunye umthambo omncane ophambi kwakho. |
| Lokhu akuyona indlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa. Kuphela imbobo encane esikhumbeni. (Ingangeni kakhulu) | Ngezinye izikhathi idivayisi ingalimaza umthambo wegazi, okubangela imbobo. |
| Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esifushane, cishe amahora amabili. | Ukopha noma ukutheleleka kungase kwenzeke endaweni lapho kufakwa khona ipayipi. |
| Ungalulama ngokushesha futhi ubuyele empilweni evamile. | Kukhona ithuba lokuthi i-plaque izophinde ihlale endaweni efanayo. |
Kodwa kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi lezi zingozi azivamile. Odokotela abanolwazi bayakwazi kakhulu ukuvimbela lezi zimo ukuthi zingabi khona futhi bazilawule uma zingenzeka.
Kunini lapho udinga ukukhuluma nodokotela?
Uma ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukunaka noma yiziphi izinguquko emzimbeni wakho. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezansi, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokushesha .
| Uma unalezi zimpawu ngemva kokwelashwa, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. |
|---|
| - Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungabekezeleleki endaweni yesinqe noma emlenzeni ophathwe kahle. |
| - Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze (i-Edema) . |
| - Ubomvu noma umuzwa ofudumele endaweni elashwe ngayo. |
| - Umlenze ophathwe kahle uzizwa ubanda noma unzima kunomunye umlenze. |
Ukususwa kwe-atherectomy kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi ephephile yokwelapha i-Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi ukubona udokotela bese uthola iseluleko. Ngenxa yezindlela zokwelapha zanamuhla ezinjengalezi, manje sesikwazile ukubhekana ngempumelelo nalezi zifo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwe-atherectomy kuyindlela elula, engadingi ukungenelela okuningi ekhuhla futhi isuse ama-fatty deposits (i-plaque) asele emithanjeni yegazi ngenxa ye-PAD.
- Njengoba lokhu kungeyona indlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa, ungalulama ngokushesha futhi ubuyele empilweni evamile.
- Njengakuzo zonke izindlela zokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane, kodwa azivamile futhi zingalawulwa odokotela abanolwazi.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obungavamile, ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, noma ukuqaqamba emlenzeni wakho ngemva kokwelashwa, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
- Indlela yakho yokuphila, njengokudla nokuzivocavoca, ibaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni yalolu hlobo lokwelashwa nokuvimbela ukubuyela emuva.
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