Ingabe udinga ukufaka esikhundleni ivalvu ye-mitral enhliziyweni yakho? (Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwevalvu ye-Mitral) - Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula

Inhliziyo yethu ingumshini omangalisayo ngempela, akunjalo? Ama-valve amane akuyo asebenza njengeminyango evuleka ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Omunye wale minyango ebalulekile yi-Mitral Valve. Yile valve evumela igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo ukuthi lidlule lisuka kwelinye igumbi lenhliziyo liye kwelinye. Kodwa cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngale valve? Okusho ukuthi, uma igazi lingavali kahle futhi livuza emuva, noma uma lingavuleki kahle bese livaleka, khona-ke inhliziyo izwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Yilapho odokotela benquma ukususa le valve bese beyishintsha, uma ingenakulungiseka.

Kalula nje, kuyini ukushintshwa kwe-valve ye-mitral?

Ukufakwa esikhundleni se-valve ye-Mitral kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile . Kuhilela ukususa i-valve yakho ye-mitral egulayo nengasebenzi kahle bese uyishintsha nge-valve entsha sha. Le valve entsha ingaba nezinhlobo ezimbili.

• Amavalvu emishini: Lawa amavalvu okwenziwa enziwe ngezinsimbi ezifana nekhabhoni nensimbi.
• Amavalvu ezinto eziphilayo/ezokufakelwa: Lawa amavalvu enziwe ngezicubu zenhliziyo ezivela ezingulubeni, ezinkomeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi (okungavamile kakhulu) izicubu zabantu.

Ngisho noma lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyinqubo enkulu, uma udokotela wakho ekuncoma, kusho ukuthi i-valve yakho iya iba yimbi kakhulu futhi ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu uma ungakwenzi lokhu kuhlinzwa. Kusho nokuthi ngeke isalungiseka.

Kungani udinga lokhu kuhlinzwa?

Igazi elicebile nge-oksijini elivela emaphashini ethu lingena ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele yenhliziyo, bese lisuka lapho lidlula ku-valve ye-mitral liye ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxele. Le ventricle yangakwesobunxele inesibopho sokupompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba. Manje, uma unesifo se-valve ye-mitral, le valve ayivuli noma ayivali kahle. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu.

1. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Mitral Valve: Igazi livuza emuva ngoba i-valve ayivali kahle.

2. I-Mitral Valve Stenosis: I-valve ayivuli kahle, ivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi.

Zombili lezi zici zibeka ukucindezeleka okukhulu ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungalimaza inhliziyo namaphaphu.

Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ukulungiswa kungenziwa:

• I-Endocarditis noma isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi-rheumatic) kubangele umonakalo omkhulu kuvalvu.
• Ukufakwa kwe-calcium eningi noma izibazi ku-valve.
• Umonakalo omkhulu emisipheni ye- papillary noma i-chordae esekela i-valve.

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngesimo sakho nodokotela wakho futhi ufunde ngezinketho zakho.

Hlobo luni lwevalvu esilukhethayo?

Ubudala bakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kanye nezinye izimo zempilo kuzodlala indima ekukhetheni uhlobo lwevalvu okudingeka uyifake. Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili.

Uma uneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-65 ubudala, udokotela wakho uzoncoma olunye lwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili kuye ngesimo sakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngalokhu ngokucophelela bese ukhetha olukufanele kakhulu.

Silungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile, kuzodingeka ulungele lezi zinto.

• Eminye imithi (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi) enikezwa udokotela wakho ingadinga ukuyekiswa amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
• Ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi kumele kumiswe ngokuphelele.
• Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzoyalwa ukuba ugeze umzimba wakho ngensipho yokubulala amagciwane .
• Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uyeke ukudla nokuphuza ngokuphelele, ngokuvamile ngemva kuka-12 phakathi kwamabili .
• Thatha imithi enikezwe udokotela ekuseni kuphela.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlela indawo yasekhaya lakho ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile lapho ubuya ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Isibonelo, kungumqondo omuhle ukuhlela kusenesikhathi, njengokugcina izinto ozozidinga ziseduze nokuhlela ukuthi othile akushayele ngemoto akuyise ekhaya usuka esibhedlela.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi evame ukuthatha amahora amabili kuya kwamane. Kodwa akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ithimba lezokwelapha elinolwazi lizokunakekela kahle. Nasi isiqondiso sesinyathelo ngesinyathelo salokho okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uzolaliswa ngokuphelele. Ngakho ngeke uzizwe lutho ngokuhlinzwa futhi ngeke ukukhumbule lapho uvuka.

2. Ukuxhumana: Uzoxhunywa kuma-monitor ukuze aqaphe ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nokuphefumula kwakho. Uzonikezwa ama-antibiotics ngemithambo yegazi ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka.

3. Umshini Wokudlula Inhliziyo Nezinso: Okulandelayo, uzoxhunywa emshinini okhethekile. Lo mshini uthatha okwesikhashana umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Inhliziyo yakho ngeke ishaye phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

4. Ukusikwa: Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusikwa esifubeni sakho ukuze afinyelele inhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa nge -sternotomy (ukusikwa phakathi kwethambo lesifuba sakho).

5. Ukufakwa kwevalvu: Kwenziwa ukusika e-atrium yesobunxele yenhliziyo ukuze kufinyelelwe kuvalvu ye-mitral. Ngemuva kwalokho, izingxenye ezilimele zevalvu ziyasuswa ngokucophelela, bese ivalvu entsha ibekwa endaweni yayo bese ithungwa kahle.

6. Ukuhlola: Hlola ukuthi ivalvu entsha isebenza kahle yini nokuthi iminyango yayo ivuleka futhi ivaleka kahle yini.

7. Ukuphela kokuhlinzwa: Uma konke sekulungile, ukusikwa enhliziyweni yakho kuzovalwa futhi uzosuswa kancane kancane emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu.

Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezinzuzo nezingozi, futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi.

Ungesabi lezi zingozi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liqeqeshwe kakhulu ukunciphisa amathuba okuba lezi zimo zenzeke futhi liziphathe uma zenzeka.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe isonto lonke.

• Osukwini lokuqala noma ezimbili, uzogcinwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) futhi isimo sakho sizoqashwa ngokucophelela.
• Ngemuva kwalokho uzodluliselwa ewadini evamile.
• Kuvamile ukuba nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa, futhi ungadinga imithi noma ngisho ne- pacemaker yesikhashana yalokhu.
• Kuzoqalwa izindlela zokunciphisa igazi ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Uzokwaziswa ngohlelo lokuvuselela inhliziyo oluzokusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.

Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ama-4 kuya kwayi-8 ukululama ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, lesi sikhathi siyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Lokhu kuthinteka yizici ezifana nempilo yakho yangaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nobunzima besimo sakho.

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi efana nokushayela nokuphakamisa izinsimbi. Kubalulekile futhi ukwenza ukudla kube ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo, ukugwema ukubhema notshwala, ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, nokuqhubeka nokuzivocavoca ingxenye yendlela yakho yokuphila.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela umzimba wakho ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze nawe.

Ungakushayi indiva, ucabange ukuthi, "Lokhu kungaba yinto encane." Ngisho nophawu olubonakala lungabalulekile lungaba uphawu lokuthile okungathí sina. Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.