Okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-MBI (i-Molecular Breast Imaging)

Kujwayelekile ukuthi abesifazane abaningi bazizwe besaba futhi besaba kancane lapho bezwa igama elithi umdlavuza webele. Kunjalo nangokuhlolwa okwenziwa ngawo. Mhlawumbe umbiko wakho we-mammogram uthe 'izicubu zebele eziqinile', noma udokotela wakho uthe kukhona okuhlukile embikweni, unemibuzo eminingi efika engqondweni yakho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okukhethekile okungasiza ngezikhathi ezinjalo futhi sithole ulwazi olujulile. Lokho kuyi-Molecular Breast Imaging, noma ukuhlolwa kwe-MBI ngamafuphi.

Kalula nje, luyini lolu vivinyo lwe-MBI?

Kulungile, ake sikuchaze kalula lokhu. I-MBI uhlobo olukhethekile lokuhlolwa olungolwensimu yezokwelapha ebizwa ngokuthi imithi yenuzi. Ungesabi uma uzwa igama elithi "umuthi wenuzi." Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka into encane kakhulu, ephephile enemisebe (esiyibiza ngokuthi i-tracer) emzimbeni wakho bese uyisebenzisa ukubheka amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Cabanga ngamaseli omdlavuza njengamaseli ahlala elambile futhi ehahela ukudla. Uma sinikeza umzimba lowo mkhondo, lawa maseli omdlavuza anobugovu amunca lowo mkhondo ngokushesha nangaphezu kwamanye amaseli aphilile avamile. Bese kuthi, uma sibheka ngekhamera ekhethekile, izindawo lapho lowo mkhondo uqongelele khona kakhulu, okungukuthi, izindawo lapho kungase kube khona amaseli omdlavuza, zibonakala sengathi kukhanyisiwe ukukhanya. Yileyo ndlela esibona ngayo izindawo ezisolisayo.

Uzodinga nini ukuhlolwa kwe-MBI?

Akuwona wonke umuntu ozodinga ukuhlolwa kwe-MBI. Kunezimo ezithile ezikhethekile lapho udokotela wakho angase asikisele lokhu kuhlolwa.

• Uma usuvele uthola ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukubona ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kangakanani nokuthi amaseli omdlavuza ayasuswa yini.
• Uma unezicubu zebele eziqinile: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma unezicubu zebele eziqinile, i-mammogram ejwayelekile ngezinye izikhathi ingaphuthelwa yizimila ezincane ngoba kokubili umdlavuza kanye nezicubu ezinempilo zibonakala zimhlophe. Kodwa-ke, i-MBI ingaba usizo kakhulu ekutholeni umdlavuza kulaba bantu ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela abonakala ekhanya.
• Uma kukhona indawo esolisayo embikweni wakho we-mammogram noma we-ultrasound scan: I-MBI ingakusiza ukuthi uthole isithombe esicacile saleyo ndawo esolisayo futhi iqinisekise ukuthi empeleni ingumdlavuza noma cha.
• Uma uke watholakala unomdlavuza webele: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi amaseli omdlavuza asakazekele yini kwezinye izingxenye zebele ngaphezu komdlavuza uqobo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-MBI ne-3D Mammogram?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. "Kungani i-mammogram inganele? Uyini umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili?" Ake sibone lokhu ngokucacile etafuleni.

Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-MBI?

Kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzenze ngaphambi kwalolu vivinyo. Ukulandela lokhu ngqo kungandisa ukunemba kokuhlolwa.

• Ukudla Nokuphuza: Gwema uketshezi nokudla okuqinile njengobisi okungenani amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-tracer imuncwa kangcono amaseli ebele uma ulambile.
• Amanzi: Kodwa akukuhle ukuvumela umzimba wakho uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke phuza uketshezi oluningi olucacile njengamanzi nejusi.
• Izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela: Uma unesinye isimo sezokwelapha esifana nesifo sikashukela, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuzila ukudla.
• Umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini: Uma kungenzeka, zama ukuhlela lokhu kuhlolwa phakathi kwezinsuku 7 no-14 zomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini. (Usuku lokuqala lokuya esikhathini kwakho lubalwa njengosuku lokuqala.) Nakuba kungcono ukwenza ukuhlolwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kungenziwa nganoma yiluphi usuku uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Ukwazi kusengaphambili ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngosuku lokuhlolwa kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka kwakho.

1. Okokuqala, uzoyiswa ekamelweni langasese, ucelwe ukuba ukhumule zonke izingubo kanye nobucwebe kusukela okhalweni kuya phezulu, bese ugqoka ingubo yasesibhedlela.

2. Ngemuva kwalokho uzoyiswa ekamelweni elinekhamera ye-gamma bese uhlaliswa esihlalweni esiphambi komshini.

3. Okulandelayo, i-cannula encane (umugqa we-IV) ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho, lapho kufakwa khona i-radioactive tracer emzimbeni wakho.

4. Udinga ukulinda cishe imizuzu emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 ukuze i-tracer imuncwe ezicutshini zebele.

5. Bese kuqala ukuskena. Lokhu kungathatha imizuzu engama-20 kuya kwengama-40. Kuleli qophelo, njengoba kunjalo nge-mammogram, ibele lizocindezelwa kancane ngomshini. Kodwa akufanele kube buhlungu.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Ngemva kokuthi ukuskena sekuqediwe, umugqa we-IV engalweni yakho uzosuswa. Uzobe usukwazi ukugqoka ngendlela evamile bese uya ekhaya. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokweluleka ngalokho okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo, ngosuku ozothola ngalo imiphumela yakho, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi zalolu vivinyo?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane ezihilelekile, futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi.

Ukuchayeka emisebeni

Ungesabi ukuzwa igama elithi "radioactive." Ngesikhathi se-MBI, ubhekene nenani elincane kakhulu lemisebe . Lokhu kubhekwa njengezinga eliphephile, elifana nenani obungabhekana nalo ngesikhathi se-mammogram ejwayelekile. Ezimweni eziningi, izinzuzo zokuthola umdlavuza kusenesikhathi zidlula kakhulu izingozi zaleli nani elincane lemisebe.

Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba

Akuvamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babe ne-allergy ku-tracer. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, noma ukuqubuka.
• Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile (lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kwenzeka emaphesentini amancane abantu, cishe u-0.01% - 0.04%).

Yini esingayifunda emiphumeleni?

Udokotela we-radiology uzobuyekeza izithombe zakho ze-MBI.

• Umphumela Ojwayelekile: Uma kungekho ndawo ekhanyayo kuskeni, ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengomphumela "ojwayelekile". Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi kufanele wenze nini i-mammogram yakho elandelayo.
• Uma kunezindawo ezisolisayo: Uma indawo ekuskeni ibonakala ikhanya, kusho ukuthi kunamaseli akhula ngokushesha kuleyo ndawo. Akuzona zonke lezo zindawo ezizoba nomdlavuza. Kodwa ukuze uthole iqiniso, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuthi kwenziwe i-biopsy yaleyo ndawo. Lokho kusho ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu kuleyo ndawo esolisayo bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Leyo yindlela kuphela yokuqiniseka nge-100% ukuthi lawo maseli anomdlavuza noma cha.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-MBI kunembe kangakanani?

Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-MBI kuwukuhlolwa okunembe kakhulu.

• I-MBI isetshenziswe ukuthola umdlavuza webele cishe kuma-90% eziguli ezisolwa ngomdlavuza webele.
• Lokhu kuhlolwa kukwazile ukuthola u-82% womdlavuza omncane kakhulu, omncane kunamamilimitha ayi-10.
• Lokhu kunemba kufana nokwe-MRI yebele.
• Okubaluleke kakhulu, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-MBI kusiza ekutholeni umdlavuza webele izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ngaphezu kwe-mammogram kuphela .

Ama-mammogram avamile ayindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola umdlavuza webele kusenesikhathi. Kodwa uma i-mammogram iyodwa inganikezi isithombe esicacile, ukuhlolwa kwe-MBI kuyithuluzi elinamandla elinikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe noluwusizo kakhulu. Kunezinye izivivinyo, njenge-ultrasound yebele kanye ne-MRI yebele. Ngayinye yalezi zivivinyo inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wena nodokotela wakho nixoxe ndawonye ukuze nikhethe izindlela zokuhlola ezingcono kakhulu zesimo sakho, futhi uma kukhona umdlavuza, ungatholakala futhi welashwe ngokushesha okukhulu.