Ingabe nawe uthole umbiko we-pathology? (Umbiko we-Pathology) – Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula!

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole umbiko we-pathology kudokotela, akunjalo? Mhlawumbe ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy, noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa, noma ngemva kokuhlolwa okunye. Uma uwuthola ekhaya, noma uma uwubona kurekhodi lakho lezokwelapha le-elekthronikhi, kuvamile ukudideka ngamagama nezinombolo ezikuwo. Ungase uzibuze ukuthi la magama ayinkimbinkimbi asho ukuthini ngempela. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi uyini umbiko we-pathology nokuthi ungawuqonda kanjani ngamagama alula.

Uyini lo mbiko we-pathology?

Kalula nje, umbiko we-pathology umbiko obhaliwe ngudokotela we-pathologist ohlola isampula yezicubu noma uketshezi oluthathwe emzimbeni wakho bese ebhala ngalokho akubonile. Uhlanganisa nokuxilongwa noma izincomo ezisuselwe endleleni amaseli nezicubu ezikusampula yakho ezibukeka ngayo uma kuqhathaniswa namaseli nezicubu ezinempilo ezijwayelekile.

Cabanga nje, uma uneqhubu elincane endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho, udokotela uthatha ingxenye yalo encane ayithumele elabhorethri. Udokotela ochwepheshe kulelo labhorethri ubheka leli sampula ngaphansi kwe-microscope bese ebhala imininingwane yalo embikweni. Yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi umbiko we-pathology. Kulo mbiko, singathola:

• Indlela udokotela athatha ngayo isampula, indlela elungiselelwe ngayo ukuhlolwa (isibonelo, ingabe ibekwe ku-preservative efana ne-formalin, noma ingabe idaywe ukuze izinto ezithile zibonakale kakhudlwana, njll.)
• Indlela amangqamuzana nezicubu ezibukeka ngayo ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
• Zingaki izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli, amaprotheni, nezinye izinto ezikhona, ukuthi zibukeka kanjani, nokuthi ngabe lezi zihlukile yini kulokho udokotela wezifo angakulindela.
• Ukuthi isampula inamagciwane (njengamabhaktheriya, ama-parasites, amagciwane, noma isikhunta) noma ezinye izinto zakwamanye amazwe.

Kuyini i-Pathology?

I-Pathology isifundo sezifo, izimbangela zazo, nokuthi zithinta kanjani imizimba yethu. Uma kuthathwa isampula yezicubu noma uketshezi emzimbeni wakho, ithunyelwa elabhorethri ye-pathology ukuze ihlolwe. Lapho, odokotela be-pathology bahlola lawa masampula ukuze bazame ukuthola izimo zesifo. I-Pathology isetshenziselwa izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Hlola , qapha , noma hlola izifo nezimo.
• Siza ekunqumeni ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo.
• Nikeza umbono wesifo esibikezelwayo , okungukuthi, ukuthi lesi sifo sizoba njani.
• Hlola ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo ezithile (isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze kutholakale izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ezingabangela umdlavuza) .

Sizowuthola nini umbiko we-pathology?

Sivame ukucabanga ukuthi umbiko we-pathology utholakala kuphela ngemva kokwenziwa kwe-biopsy ukuze kubhekwe umdlavuza. Lokho kuyiqiniso, kodwa akuyona yodwa indlela. Isibonelo, ungathola umbiko we-pathology wezimo ezifana ne -endometriosis , ama-polyps ekholoni , noma yisiphi isimo lapho udokotela ethatha isampula kuwe bese udokotela we-pathologist esihlaziya. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• I-Biopsy: Ukuthatha ingcezu yezicubu kunoma iyiphi indawo emzimbeni ukuze ihlolwe.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile nakho kuveza imibiko efana nale.
• I-Colonoscopy: Amasampula athathwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamathumbu amakhulu.
• I-Endoscopy (EGD - Esophagogastroduodenoscopy): Amasampula athathwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezingxenye zomhubhe, isisu, njll.
• Ukususwa kwe-Cholecyst: Ukuhlolwa kwe-gallbladder esusiwe.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo: Ukuhlonza izimo ezithile zezakhi zofuzo.
• I-Laparoscopy: Amasampula athathwe emigqonyeni emincane (isibonelo, ukuxilonga i-endometriosis).
• Ukususwa kwe-Lumpectomy: Ukuhlinzwa kokususa iqhubu lebele kuphela.
• Ukususwa kwebele: Ukuhlinzwa kokususa lonke ibele.
• Ukukhuliswa kwe-sputum: Inqubo yokufuna amagciwane kusampula ye-sputum.
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle: Ukuhlola amagciwane noma ezinye izinto endle.
• I-Nasopharyngeal swab: Isibonelo, njengokuhlolwa kwe-Covid.
• Isiko lomphimbo: Ukuhlola izifo zomphimbo.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Bheka amagciwane noma ezinye izinto emchameni.

Uquketheni umbiko we-pathology?

Manje ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye umbiko we-pathology ovame ukuziqukethe. Akuzona zonke imibiko eziqukethe zonke lezi, kodwa lezi yizona ezivame kakhulu.

1. Indlela Yokuhlola (Inqubo):

Lokhu kubhekisela enkambisweni noma ekuhlolweni okwenziwe udokotela wakho ukuze isampula ithunyelwe elebhu. Isibonelo, into efana ne-'Skin biopsy' noma 'Colonoscopy enokususwa kwe-polyp'.

2. Incazelo ephelele yokubukeka kwangaphandle kwesampula:

Yilokhu okubonwa yisazi sezifo ngokubheka isampula ngeso lenyama (ngaphandle kwe-microscope). Ichaza umbala, isisindo, usayizi , kanye nezinye izici ezibonakalayo zesampula. Cabanga ngencazelo efana nokuthi, 'Ingxenye yezicubu ezinsundu ezingamasentimitha amabili ubude.'

3. Incazelo ye-Microscopic:

Nansi ingxenye ebalulekile. Lokhu kuchaza indlela amaseli nezinye izingxenye zesampula ezibukeka ngayo uma zikhuliswa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Udokotela wezifo angalungisa izicubu noketshezi esixazululweni, njenge -formalin , bese ezihlola ngamabala akhethekile. Lokhu kuvumela izingxenye zamaseli, amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, isikhunta, nezinye izifo ukuthi zibonakale ngokucacile. Yilapho izinto ezinjengokuthi amaseli 'ajwayelekile', 'angavamile', noma 'akhona yini amaseli omdlavuza' zingatholakala khona.

4. Imingcele:

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kususwa isimila esinomdlavuza. 'Umkhawulo' ubhekisela esicutshini esivamile esizungeze isimila. Uma uthi 'kucacile' noma ' imingcele engemihle', kusho ukuthi awekho amangqamuzana omdlavuza emaphethelweni esampula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isimila cishe sisusiwe ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma uthi 'imingcele emihle' , kusho ukuthi umdlavuza kungenzeka ukuthi awukasuswa ngokuphelele, futhi kungase kube namangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.

5. Isigaba kanye neBanga:

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni komdlavuza. 'Isigaba' sitshela ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalale kangakanani kusukela lapho waqala khona emzimbeni, okuyikho ukuthi umdlavuza unzima kangakanani. 'Ibanga' lichaza ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza abukeka ehluke kangakanani uma kuqhathaniswa namaseli ajwayelekile aphilile. Uma izinga liphezulu, kulapho amangqamuzana eba maningi khona futhi maningi amathuba okuthi umdlavuza usabalale.

6. Ama-lymph node:

Uma ama-lymph node ethathwe futhi ahlolwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi, uma kuthiwa 'alungile' , lokho kusho ukuthi isazi sezifo sithole amangqamuzana omdlavuza kulawo ma-lymph node. Uma 'engemihle' , uthole amangqamuzana ajwayelekile kuphela.

7. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwama-molecule:

Lena imiphumela yokuhlolwa okubheka izinguquko zofuzo noma ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kumaseli omdlavuza. Le miphumela iwusizo kakhulu ekunqumeni ukwelashwa kwezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Isibonelo, ingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umuthi othile uzosebenza yini kulowo mdlavuza noma cha.

8. Amagciwane:

Lesi sigaba sikutshela ukuthi isampula iqukethe yini amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta. Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala lapho kuhlolwa amasampula endle noma amasampula oketshezi lomzimba.

9. Ukuxilongwa:

Lesi sigaba siyisifinyezo sombiko wonke . Sichaza ukuxilongwa kokugcina kodokotela wezifo ngokusekelwe kuzo zonke izici ezitholakala kusampula. Isibonelo, 'Invasive Ductal Carcinoma ' noma ' Akukho monakalo obonwe' (Umdlavuza awubonakali) into efana naleyo.

10. Izincomo:

Uma uke wahlolwa njenge-colonoscopy, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi ulandelele noma ukuthi uzolwenza nini ukuhlolwa kwakho okulandelayo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola umbiko we-pathology?

Ngokuvamile kungathatha isonto noma ngaphezulu ukuthola umbiko we-pathology. Ngezinye izikhathi kufika ngokushesha. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi uzolindela nini imiphumela. Kodwa ungakhathazeki uma kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile. Akusho ukuthi imiphumela yakho mibi.

Kunzima ukulinda imiphumela ebalulekile. Kuyasiza ukuthola izindlela zokugcina ingqondo yakho imatasa phakathi naleso sikhathi.

Kuthiwani uma kukhona okungajwayelekile embikweni we-pathology?

Uma umbiko we-pathology uqukethe noma yimiphi imiphumela engavamile noma engalindelekile, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi wenzeni ngokulandelayo. Lokhu kuzoncika kulokho okutholwe yi-pathologist kanye nezinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo.

Ukufunda umbiko we-pathology kungafana nokufunda imephu yedolobha ongalazi. Amagama angase abonakale engajwayelekile. Ungase ungazi ukuthi uzoqala kuphi noma uzoya kuphi. Kodwa udokotela wakho angasebenzisa leyo mephu ukukusiza uqonde ukuxilongwa kwakho futhi ahlele izinketho zakho zokwelapha. Cela udokotela wakho ukuthi achaze imiphumela ye-pathology yakho nokuthi ikuthinta kanjani. Ndawonye, ​​​​ningahlela uhambo lwenu oluya phambili.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule

Umbiko we-pathology umbiko ochaza imiphumela yesampula ethathwe emzimbeni wakho. Kungaba nzima ukuqonda amagama ezokwelapha kulo mbiko. Kodwa-ke, kungaba usizo kakhulu kudokotela wakho ukuxilonga isimo sakho futhi akukhethele ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nombiko noma uma kukhona ongakuqondi, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu wokukuchazela lokhu ngamazwi alula. Khumbula, lo mbiko umane nje uyisinyathelo esibalulekile ohambweni lwakho lwezempilo. Qonda, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho, bese uqhubeka phambili.

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