Ingabe nawe uzwa ubuhlungu emilenzeni yakho, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba ibanga elifushane? Ingabe ubuhlungu buyaphela uma ume isikhashana bese uhamba futhi? Noma uvuka ebusuku unezinhlungu emilenzeni yakho? Lokhu kungase kungabi yinoma yiluphi olunye ubuhlungu obuvamile emilenzeni. Isizathu salokhu kungaba ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi oyinhloko ohlinzeka ngegazi emilenzeni yakho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma nge-Peripheral Artery Bypass, ukuhlinzwa okukhulu okwenziwe kulokhu.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Peripheral Artery Bypass?
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukudala indlela entsha yokugeleza kwegazi ukuze kudlule umthambo ovalekile noma onciphile emlenzeni wakho (noma ngezinye izikhathi engalweni yakho).
Cabanga ngalokhu. Kukhona ukuminyana okukhulu kwezimoto emgwaqweni ovame ukuwuthatha, futhi umgwaqo uvaliwe ngokuphelele. Manje awusakwazi ukuqhubeka. Yini abakhi bemigwaqo abayenzayo-ke? Bakha umgwaqo omusha odlulayo ukuze bagweme ithrafikhi. Yileyo ndlela lokhu kuhlinzwa okuqhubeka ngayo.
I-cholesterol namanye amafutha anqwabelana emithanjeni yegazi yomzimba wethu, akha "ungqimba lwamafutha." Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-plaque . Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lolu ngqimba lwamafutha luyakhula futhi luvimbe imithambo yegazi. Lesi simo sisibiza ngokuthi i-Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) . Lapho lokhu kugeleza kwegazi kuvimbekile, izicubu ezisemilenzeni yakho azitholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezizidingayo. Yilapho udokotela edala khona indlela entsha yokugeleza kwegazi (i-graft) ngokuxhuma imithambo yegazi engaphezulu nangaphansi kokuvimbekile.
Ubani ngempela odinga ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa akuwona wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzoqala azame ukulawula isimo sakho ngemithi kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila (njengokuyeka ukubhema nokuzivocavoca). Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kucatshangelwa kuphela uma kungekho okunye kwalokhu okusebenzayo futhi uma ingxenye enkulu yomthambo wakho wegazi ivalekile kakhulu.
Uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kuhlinzwa.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu bomlenze lapho uhamba noma ebusuku | Uma ngihamba ibanga elifushane, ngizwa ubuhlungu sengathi izinwele zami ziyadonswa. Buyaphela uma ngima. Uma ngilala ebusuku, imilenze yami iyabuhlungu, ngakho ubuthongo bami buyaphazamiseka. |
| Amanxeba emilenzeni angapholi | Ngisho nesilonda esincane emlenzeni, ikakhulukazi ezinzwaneni noma ezithendeni, sithatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokungahambi kahle kwegazi. |
| Ukufa kwezicubu (i-Gangrene) | Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kuyeka ngokuphelele, isikhumba nezicubu kuleyo ndawo ziqala ukufa. Isikhumba siba mnyama bese ulahlekelwa umuzwa. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenzelwa abantu abanesifo se-Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) esithuthuke kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uhlinzwa, isimo sakho sisezingeni elibucayi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lesi yisisombululo esisebenza kahle kakhulu salokho.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngemithambo yegazi uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze athole isimo sakho esiqondile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Hlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Ukuthola ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani emithanjeni yegazi nokuthi kukuphi lapho kuvimbeke khona.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Hlola izinto ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye namazinga e-cholesterol.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka: Bona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kanjani lapho uzivocavoca.
Kanye nalezi zivivinyo, kukhona into eyodwa ebalulekile okudingeka uyenze. Uma ubhema, yeka ukubhema ngokushesha. Lokhu kuzokusiza kakhulu ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngosuku olungaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza le miyalelo:
- Eminye imithi (ikakhulukazi leyo evimbela ukujiya kwegazi) kungadingeka iyekwe okwesikhashana.
- Bathi ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngemva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, udokotela wezinzwa uzokulalisa ngokuphelele ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzolandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukusikwa: Ukusikwa okubili okungaba amasentimitha angu-4-8 ubude kwenziwa ngaphezulu nangaphansi komthambo wegazi ovalekile.
2. Ukuthatha umthambo ukuze udlule (i-Graft):I-bypass entsha idinga umthambo. Lokhu kuvame ukuba umthambo ophilile ovela emlenzeni wakho. Noma kusetshenziswa ipulasitiki noma i-graft yendwangu. Uma usebenzisa umthambo wakho, kuzodingeka wenze esinye isiko esincane ukuze uwuthole.
3. Ukudala indlela entsha: I-graft ithungelwa emthanjeni wegazi oyinhloko, uhlangothi olulodwa lungaphezu kokuvaleka kanti olunye uhlangothi lungaphansi kokuvaleka. Igazi manje selingakwazi ukudlula ukuvaleka bese ligeleza kule ndlela entsha.
4. Ukuvala izimbobo: Ekugcineni, izimbobo zivalwa ngezitishi noma ngama-staple.
Yonke inqubo ingathatha amahora amabili kuya kwayisithupha, kuye ngobude bomthambo ovalekile kanye nobunzima bokuhlinzwa.
Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzodluliselwa ewadini, lapho abasebenzi bezokwelapha bezohlala bekuqapha khona:
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokuphefumula kuhlolwa njalo.
- Bahlala behlola ukuthi umlenze ohlinzwe ujikeleza kahle yini igazi.
- Ama-painkiller anikezwa ukulawula ubuhlungu.
Uma usubuya esibhedlela, udokotela uzokunikeza imithi eminingana ukuze uqhubeke uyisebenzisa.
- Ama-statin: Lawula i-cholesterol.
- I-Aspirin noma i-Clopidogrel: Kuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
Izinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlinzwa
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, lokhu kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezithile.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi/Izinkinga |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu bomlenze kanye nezimpawu ezingakathuthuki ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziyanyamalala. | Amahlule egazi. |
| Amanxeba emilenzeni aqala ukuphola ngokushesha. | Ukutheleleka kwamanxeba okuthungwa. |
| Ingozi yokunqunywa umlenze ngenxa yezimo ezinzima njenge-gangrene iyasuswa. | Ukopha ngokweqile. |
| Imiphumela ihlala isikhathi eside. I-bypass isasebenza kahle kuma-60%-85% ezimo eminyakeni emi-5 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. | Ukulimala kwemizwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. |
| Izinga lempilo liyathuthuka kakhulu. | Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (ngephesenti elincane). |
Khumbula, abantu abaningi ababi nezinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-70 kanye nalabo abanezinye izimo zezokwelapha (njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo sezinso) basengozini enkulu kancane.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngesikhathi sokululama nangemva kokubuyela ekhaya
Kungathatha cishe amasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 ukululama ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukwazi ukubuyela kancane kancane emisebenzini yakho evamile zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa. Ngokuvamile uzokhishwa esibhedlela zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-2-5.
Lezi zinto zivame ukwenzeka uma usufikile ekhaya, ungesabi:
- Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla.
- Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ukuqaqamba eduze kwezimbobo.
- Umlenze uvuvukele kancane.
- Ukuzwa ubuhlungu emisipheni lapho uhamba.
Isikhathi sokufonela udokotela ngokushesha!
Uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemuva kokubuyela ekhaya, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela.
- Uma unomkhuhlane omkhulu noma uma uqhaqhazela ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
- Uma kukhona uketshezi olufana nobovu oluvela ezithungweni, lubomvu, luvuvukele, futhi lubuhlungu kakhulu.
- Uma umbala womlenze ushintsha (uphenduka ube mhlophe noma ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), uma umlenze ubanda kakhulu, noma uma ukuqaqamba kukhuphuka.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela uzokunikeza usuku lokubuyela ukuze uzolandelela. Qiniseka ukuthi uyaya kule mitholampilo. Lapho, udokotela uzokwenza i-ultrasound scan ukuze abone ukuthi i-bypass yakho isebenza kahle yini.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Peripheral Artery Bypass kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu kubantu abanemithambo yegazi evalekile kakhulu emilenzeni yabo.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukunconywa kubantu abanezimpawu ezingazange zilawulwe ngemithi kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila.
- Uma ubhema, ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwaKubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ukubhema ngokuphelele. Kuzosiza kakhulu inqubo yakho yokululama.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, thatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngesikhathi esifanele. Gcina imithungo ihlanzekile.
- Qiniseka ukuthi uya emtholampilo ngezinsuku udokotela akutshela ukuthi ubuye ngazo. Ngaleyo ndlela, isimo sakho singaqashwa njalo.
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