Wake wazizwa yini ukuthi uma ukhuluma, amazwi akho awacaci, njengokungathi ukhuluma ngekhala lakho? Noma kwabanye abantu abadala, ukuhogela sekuyinkinga enkulu ebuthongweni babo. Isizathu salezi zinto kungaba izinguquko ezithile ezicutshini zomphimbo wethu kanye nolwanga lomlomo wethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okukhethekile okwenziwa njengesixazululo salokhu.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-pharyngoplasty?
I-Pharyngoplasty inqubo yokuhlinzwa eshintsha isimo kanye nomsebenzi wezicubu ezithambile ngemuva kophahla lomlomo wakho (ulwanga oluthambile) kanye nezicubu ezingemuva komphimbo wakho (i-pharynx). Cabanga nje, uma sikhuluma bese umoya uphuma ekhaleni lethu ngokungadingekile, izwi lethu lizwakala sengathi sikhuluma ngekhala lethu. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypernasality . Ngakho-ke lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenzelwa ukunciphisa lelo nani lomoya ophuma ekhaleni lethu.
Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-velipharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) . Izingane kanye nabantu abadala abanalesi simo bayazuza kakhulu kulokhu kuhlinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-pharyngoplasty lusetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni i-sleep apnea kubantu abadala.
Ubani odinga kakhulu lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezizalwe zine- cleft palate . Lokhu kuyiphutha elivamile lokuzalwa. Ngisho noma i-cleft palate ilungiswa ngokuhlinzwa, ezinye izingane (cishe eyodwa kwezintathu) zingase zibe ne-VPI kamuva, noma i-nasal phonation. Yilapho-ke ukuhlinzwa kwe-pharyngoplasty kuyadingeka khona.
Kunezinye izizathu ezenza i-VPI ivele. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungadingeka nasezimweni ezinjalo:
- Izimo ezifana ne -cerebral palsy .
- Izimo zofuzo ezifana ne -Down syndrome kanye ne-DiGeorge syndrome .
- Ukuthola ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwezimo ezifana nomdlavuza womphimbo.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ama-adenoid (i-adenoidectomy) noma ama-tonsils (i-tonsillectomy) .
- Isifo sohlangothi .
- Izimila ebuchosheni noma ekhanda.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa njengokwelashwa kwabantu abadala abane- sleep apnea abangazange basabele kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-pharyngoplasty
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zalokhu kuhlinzwa, uhlobo ngalunye kuye ngesimo olusetshenziselwa sona.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kuyini lokhu ngokuyinhloko? | Kwenzekani nje? |
|---|---|---|
| I-lateral pharyngoplasty | Ukukhonkotha (i-Sleep Apnea) | Indlela yokungena komoya iyavuleka. Izicubu ziyasuswa ezinhlangothini zomphimbo kanye nolwanga bese zibunjwa kabusha. |
| I-Pharyngeal flap | Ukukhuluma ngekhala (VPI) | Kuthathwa indwangu yezicubu ngemuva komphimbo bese inamathiselwa ophahleni lomlomo. Lokhu kunciphisa imbobo emphinjeni futhi kuvimbele umoya ukuthi ungaphumi ngekhala lapho ukhuluma. |
| I-Sphincter pharyngoplasty | Ukukhuluma ngekhala (VPI) | Izicubu ezingemuva kwama-tonsils amabili ziyathathwa bese zixhunywa emphinjeni. Lokhu kunciphisa nomgodi emphinjeni futhi kunciphisa inani lomoya ogeleza ngekhala. |
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nangemva kwalokho?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Wena noma ingane yakho ningacelwa ukuthi niyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile, amavithamini, noma imithi ye-Ayurvedic ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
Konke lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile . Lokhu kusho ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ngeke nizizwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, futhi nizobe nilele ngokuphelele. Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa, kungathatha cishe amahora amabili. Odokotela bazobeka kabusha izicubu ngaphakathi komphimbo bese besebenzisa izithungo ezincibilikayo.Ukuhlinzwa kuqedwa ngokushiya.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa
Ngokuvamile kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela usuku olulodwa kuya kwezintathu. Ungalindela okulandelayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa:
- Inani elincane lokukhipha igazi elifana negazi eliphuma emlonyeni noma ekhaleni.
- Ukuminyana kwamakhala .
- Umphimbo obuhlungu nentamo. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukugwinya ezinsukwini zokuqala.
Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela zodwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Akuvamile (cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-20), kungadingeka indlela yokuphefumula yangaphakathi ukuze ikusize uphefumule kuze kube yilapho ukuvuvukala kwehle.
Izinzuzo, izingozi, kanye nesikhathi sokululama kokuhlinzwa
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukuphefumula okulula.
- Ukucaca kwezwi.
- Ukuncipha kwezimpawu zokukhonkotha.
Uma sikhuluma ngezingozi, ngezinye izikhathi i-VPI ingahlala isikhashana ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Futhi, abanye abantu abahlinzwa i-VPI bangase babe nokuhona okukhulu (i-sleep apnea) kamuva. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhona kuzoncipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho angancoma ucwaningo lokulala (i-polysomnography) ezinyangeni eziyi-6 ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze umuntu alulame ngokugcwele siyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu, kodwa ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe isonto ukuphumula nokuthatha ikhefu esikoleni noma emsebenzini.
Nakekela lezi zinto ekhaya:
- Sebenzisa umcamelo owodwa noma emibili ukuze uphakamise ikhanda lakho kancane uma ulele noma ulele phansi.
- Yidla kuphela uketshezi nokudla okuthambile okucoliwe kahle (isib. i-yogurt, isobho, iphalishi, ilayisi elicoliwe) isonto elilodwa kuya kwamathathu.
- Yeka ukuphakamisa izinsimbi nokudlala imidlalo enzima kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo.
- Thatha ama-antibiotic anikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka.
- Thatha imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu enqunywe ngudokotela noma ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela.
- Bamba iqhaza ekwelashweni kwenkulumo ukuze ubuyisele izwi lakho.
- Ungamunca ama-ice cubes ukuze uthole umphimbo obuhlungu.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela ngokushesha
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (isib. umlomo owomile, ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo) noma ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla.
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka, isibonelo, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma koketshezi olunuka kabi emlonyeni noma ekhaleni.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuba nobunzima bokulala ngaphezu kokujwayelekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Pharyngoplasty inqubo yokuhlinzwa elapha izimo ezifana nezwi lekhala (VPI) kanye ne-sleep apnea.
- Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezizalwa zine-cleft palate, kodwa futhi kwenziwa nakubantu abadala nezingane ngenxa yezimo ezibangelwa ezinye izimbangela.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzodinga ukuphumula cishe isonto elilodwa kanye nokudla okungenamsoco ukuze ululame.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungalindelwa ukuthi kube nezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lempumelelo ekucaciseni izwi nokwenza ukuphefumula kube lula.
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