Ingabe unesifo esithile sesikhumba, njenge-psoriasis noma i-eczema? Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukulawula lezi zimo ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa imithi eminingi, akunjalo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu esetshenziswa ezimweni ezinjalo. Lokho ukwelashwa okulula, noma i-phototherapy.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukwelashwa nge-phototherapy?
I-Phototherapy, noma ukwelashwa kokukhanya, kuyindlela yokwelapha esebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) okulawulwa ngokukhethekile ukuqondisa izindawo zesikhumba sakho. Ukuze kube sobala, kuhilela ukuveza isikhumba sakho ekukhanyeni okukhishwa umshini okhethekile ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela. Kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu ezimweni eziningi zesikhumba, njenge-psoriasis kanye ne-eczema.
Kusetshenziswani lokhu kukhanya kwe-UV?
Ubuwazi ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-UV kuyingxenye yemvelo yokukhanya kwelanga? Ukukhanya kwe-UV kusiza imizimba yethu ukuthi ikhiqize i-vitamin D esiyidingayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuchayeka kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwe-UV akukuhle esikhumbeni sethu.
I-Phototherapy isebenzisa imisebe ye-UV efanayo etholakala elangeni. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, udokotela wakho uzolawula ngokucophelela ubukhulu bokukhanya nokuthi isikhumba sakho sizobe sichayeke isikhathi esingakanani kukho. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukulimala kwesikhumba sakho.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zemisebe ye-UV.
| Uhlobo lwemisebe ye-UV | Incazelo elula ngakho |
|---|---|
| I-UVB (i-Ultraviolet B) | Lezi imisebe yobude obuphakathi. Ifinyelela kuphela ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba sakho. Uma ubhekene nelanga, yilapho uthola imisebe eminingi ye-UVB lapho ushiswa khona yilanga. |
| I-UVA (i-Ultraviolet A) | Lezi zinobude obude bobude besikhathi, ngakho-ke zingangena kuze kufike ezingqimbeni ezimbili zesikhumba. Zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezijulile esikhumbeni. Ukuchayeka kakhulu emisebeni ye-UVA kungabangela ukusha kwesikhumba nokushwabana. |
Imibala ehlukene yokukhanya esetshenziswa ekwelapheni
Imibala ehlukene yokukhanya isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezahlukene zezokwelapha.
- Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Lokhu kufana nokukhanya okuvela efonini yakho. Lokhu kukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.
- Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okubomvu: I-Laser iwuhlobo lokukhanya okubomvu. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo zesikhumba ezifana nemibimbi, ukubomvu, induna, kanye nezibazi.
Ubani ongathola lokhu kwelashwa? Ingabe kuphephile kuwo wonke umuntu?
Uma udokotela encoma lokhu kwelashwa ngesimo sakho, noma ubani, kuhlanganise nezingane ezincane kanye nabantu abadala, angathola lokhu kwelashwa.
Kodwa-ke, yize i-phototherapy iyindlela yokwelapha ephephile, inengozi ephezulu kancane yemiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe. Lokhu kwelashwa ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa uma unezimo ezilandelayo:
- Uma une-allergy yelanga: Lokhu akuyona ngempela i-allergy. Kodwa-ke, uma isikhumba sakho sizwela elangeni, lokhu kwelashwa akufanelekile.
- Uma unomlando wezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wesikhumba: ukwelashwa nge-UVA akukhuthazwa.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa.
- Uma unesifo sesibindi.
- Uma unesifo esifana ne-lupus.
- Uma unesifo sofuzo esenza isikhumba sakho sizwele elangeni (isib. i-xeroderma pigmentosa).
- Uma usebenzisa imithi ethile eyenza isikhumba sakho sizwele elangeni.
Ingabe lokhu kuphephile ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa?
Yebo, impela. I-Phototherapy iyindlela yokwelapha ephephile kakhulu yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. I-jaundice yenzeka ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa uma zine-bilirubin eningi kakhulu emizimbeni yazo. Yilokhu okubangela ukuthi isikhumba namehlo engane abukeke ephuzi. Ukukhanya kwe-UV okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusiza ukususa le bilirubin eyengeziwe emzimbeni wengane. Uma ingelashwa, le bilirubin eningi ingaba yingozi enganeni.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma uletha ingane yakho ekhaya isuka esibhedlela, ungase unikezwe isibani esikhethekile noma ingubo ekhanyisiwe ukuze wenze lokhu kwelashwa ekhaya. Ingane iqashwe ngokucophelela odokotela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Yiziphi izimo eziyinhloko eziphathwa nge-phototherapy?
- I-Psoriasis
- I-Eczema
- Ukuluma
- I-jaundice esanda kuzalwa
- I-Vitiligo
- I-Mycosis fungoides (uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba)
- I-Morphea (isimo lapho isikhumba siba siqinile futhi siqine)
Ukwelashwa kusebenza kanjani?
Le nqubo ingahlukaniswa izingxenye eziningana.
Ngaphambi kokwelashwa
Udokotela wakho uzobeka imishini edingekayo esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokwelashwa. Uzonikezwa izibuko zokuvikela amehlo ukuze uvikele amehlo akho. Kuye ngendawo yokwelashwa, ungadinga nemaski yobuso noma ingubo yokumboza izingxenye zomzimba wakho ezingelashwa. Uzonikezwa i-sunscreen ukuze uyisebenzise esikhumbeni sakho ngaphambi kokwelashwa. Uma kwelashwa ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yomzimba wakho, uzonikezwa imiyalelo yokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi kuphi i-sunscreen. Kuye ngendawo yokwelashwa, kungadingeka ukuthi ukhumule ezinye noma zonke izingubo zakho.
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
Ngaphambi kokuvula isibani, udokotela wakho uzoqinisekisa ukuthi ugqoke imishini yokuphepha efanele, njengezibuko. Indlela ukukhanya okuthinta ngayo isikhumba iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokwelashwa.
- Ukukhanya kwe-UVB: Ubekwa ebhokisini (njengombhede wokushiswa kwesikhumba) lapho ungama khona, bese izibani ezingaphakathi zivuliwe. Ukukhanya kulethwa esikhumbeni sakho ngesikhathi esinqunywe udokotela wakho. Uma kwelashwa indawo encane yesikhumba kuphela, uzobekwa etafuleni noma ulale phansi, bese ukukhanya kuzoqondiswa kuleyo ndawo ngedivayisi encane (induku).
- Ukukhanya kwe-UVA: Lokhu kufana nokwelashwa kwe-UVB. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi imithi isetshenziselwa ukwenza ukwelashwa kuphumelele kakhudlwana. I-Psoralen iyikhemikhali evela ezitshalweni. Lokhu kwenza isikhumba sakho sizwele kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwe-UVA. Uma welashwa nge-UVA nge-Psoralen, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi ucwilise ebhavini lamanzi nge-Psoralen, uphuze iphilisi, noma ufake ukhilimu ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
- Ukukhanya kwe-laser kwe-Excimer: Lokhu kuletha ukukhanya kwe-UV ezindaweni ezincane zomzimba ngendlela eqondiswe kakhulu.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa?
Ubude bokwelashwa buyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu bendawo yesikhumba sakho eselashwayo kanye namandla okukhanya kwe-UV okusetshenziswayo. Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ube nokwelashwa okuningana. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kungathatha imizuzwana embalwa, kanti ukwelashwa kokugcina kungathatha imizuzu embalwa ye-UVB kanye nehora le-UVA. Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele wena.
Ngemva kokwelashwa
Udokotela uzokweluleka ngendlela yokuvikela isikhumba sakho ngemva kokwelashwa.
- Faka isivikelo selanga futhi/noma uvale izindawo eziphathwe ngezingubo.
- Gqoka isivikelo samehlo uma uphuma.
- Faka umuthi wokugcoba nsuku zonke ukuze uvimbele ukoma kwesikhumba.
- Gwema ukuchayeka elangeni kanye nemibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba.
Ziyini izinzuzo zalokhu kwelashwa?
- Kunciphisa ukuvuvukala esikhumbeni.
- Kuvimbela ukuphinda kwezimpawu ezifana ne-eczema.
- Kunciphisa ukulunywa.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi noma izingozi?
Yebo, njengazo zonke izindlela zokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke lokhu ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
| Umphumela/ingozi | Okudingeka ukwazi |
|---|---|
| Ukubomvu kwesikhumba | Lokhu kuvame ukuphela zingakapheli amahora angama-24. |
| Ukusha noma amabhamuza | Kungaba njengokushiswa yilanga. |
| Isikhumba esomile | Kungalawulwa ngokusebenzisa i-moisturizer. |
| Isicanucanu | Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma usebenzisa umuthi iPsoralen. |
| Ukuguga kwesikhumba ngaphambi kwesikhathi (imibimbi) | Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma uthatha ukwelashwa isikhathi eside. |
| Ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba | Kukhona ingozi encane kakhulu yokuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba (i-basal cell carcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, i-melanoma) kuphela uma uthola ukwelashwa kwe-UVA isikhathi eside . |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubona imiphumela?
Ngemva kokwelashwa, ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ubone imiphumela esikhumbeni sakho, kuzodingeka wenze ukwelashwa okuningana. Ngokuvamile, uzobona intuthuko enkulu esikhumbeni sakho ngemva kokwelashwa okungu-6-8. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha ukwelashwa okungu-15-25 ukuze ubone imiphumela ephelele. Ezinye izimo zingathatha isikhathi eside.
Ngemva kokwelashwa, isikhumba sakho singase sibe bomvu kancane noma sibe mnyama kunangaphambili (i-hyperpigmentation). Lokhu kuzophela cishe emahoreni angama-24. Kodwa-ke, uma isikhumba sakho sizizwa sengathi siyasha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma isikhumba sakho sisazizwa sengathi siyasha emahoreni angama-24 ngemuva kokwelashwa.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukuhlanza, kanye nokubanda.
- Uma uthola amabhamuza esikhumbeni sakho.
- Uma kunezimpawu zokutheleleka (uma inxeba livuvukele futhi ubomvu buphuma).
- Uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kokubona, lokho bekungakabi khona ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Phototherapy iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yezifo zesikhumba kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okukhethekile kwe-UV ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha.
- Lokhu kusebenza kahle kakhulu kwi-psoriasis, i-eczema, kanye ne-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.
- Nakuba lokhu ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha ephephile, akufanele wonke umuntu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngomlando wakho wezempilo ophelele nodokotela wakho.
- Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu, kudingeka ukwelashwa okuningana. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni ngemva kokwelashwa.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi emibi, njengokucasuka kwesikhumba okuqhubekayo noma ukuqubuka kwamaqhubu, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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