Ingabe unomfutho wegazi ophakeme? Mhlawumbe usebenzisa imithi eminingana, kodwa usenenkinga yokulawula umfutho wegazi wakho? Ezimweni ezinjalo, imbangela ingaba ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi oyinhloko othwala igazi liye ezinso zakho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngendlela ekhethekile yokwelapha yalezi zimo.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Renal Artery Stenting?
Kulula kakhulu. Imithambo yegazi eyinhloko enikeza igazi ezinso zakho (esikubiza ngokuthi imithambo yezinso) ngezinye izikhathi ingavinjelwa ukugcwala kwamafutha. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi `(Renal Artery Stenosis)`. Ngakho-ke `Renal Artery Stenting` inqubo ehilela ukufaka ipayipi elincane elifana ne-mesh (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `stent`) emthanjeni wegazi ovinjiwe, ukuvula kabusha indawo evinjiwe nokubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi.
Cabanga ngakho, izinso ziyizitho eziyinhloko ezilawula inani likasawoti kanye noketshezi emzimbeni wethu. Lokhu zikwenza ngokuhlunga igazi bese zikhiqiza umchamo. Ngakho-ke uma izinso zingatholi inani elidingekayo legazi, azikwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi ngendlela efanele. Khona-ke uketshezi kanye nosawoti kuqala ukunqwabelana emzimbeni.
Izinso zikhiqiza ne-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi `(Renin).` Le hormone isiza umzimba ukuthi ugcine usawoti namanzi futhi iqinise imithambo yegazi. Lapho izinso zizwa ukuthi umfutho wegazi oza kuzo uphansi, izinso zicabanga ukuthi umfutho wegazi emzimbeni empeleni uphansi. Bese zikhipha `(Renin) owengeziwe. Kodwa okwenzekayo ngempela ukuthi umthambo wegazi uvaliwe futhi ukugeleza kwegazi ezinso kuyancipha, futhi umfutho wegazi emzimbeni ungaphakama ngaleso sikhathi. Lapho konke lokhu kuhlangana, sidala isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Renal Hypertension)` esibangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu. Lokhu kungabeka ingcindezi enkulu enhliziyweni nakwezinye izitho zomzimba, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungaholela nasekuhlulekeni kwezinso .
Kungani kudingeka ukufaka i-stent emthanjeni wegazi ezinso?
Uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuthi uvalekile kakhulu emthanjeni wegazi oholela ezinso zakho futhi udinga ukwelashwa, bangase batuse ukufaka i-stent. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe ezinso zakho. Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke izithiyo emithanjeni yezinso ezidinga i-stent.
Ngokuvamile kunezimo eziningana lapho ungadinga khona lokhu kwelashwa:
- Uma imithambo yegazi engaphezu kuka-60% ivalekile ngenxa yokugcwala kwamafutha ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi (i-atherosclerosis), futhi ayikwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi.
- Uma uthatha imithi emithathu noma ngaphezulu yomfutho wegazi ophezulu ngemithamo ephezulu futhi ungakwazi ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho.
- Uma imithambo yegazi yomibili eholela ezinso zombili ivalwe ngaphezu kuka-60%.
- Uma unenso eyodwa kuphela, futhi umthambo wegazi oholela kuyo uvalekile ngaphezu kuka-60%.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimo ezifana nokuthi "i-flash pulmonary edema" lapho amaphaphu egcwala khona amanzi ngokuzumayo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela okuxilongayo kuphela onganquma ukuthi uyaludinga yini lolu hlobo lokwelashwa noma cha. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngalokhu.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?
Ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu kwelashwa, udokotela wakho uzohlola impilo yakho jikelele futhi enze izivivinyo eziningana ukuze anqume ukuthi udinga yini ukuba ne-stent.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Kwenzekani nje? |
|---|---|
| I-Duplex Doppler Ultrasonography | Lokhu kufana nokuskena okuvamile. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukukala ubukhulu bokuvinjelwa kwemithambo yegazi kanye nesivinini sokugeleza kwegazi. |
| I-Computed Tomography Angiogram (CT Angiogram) | Ama-X-ray asetshenziselwa ukudala isithombe sezinso esinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D). Kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile (udayi ohlukile) ukuze kubonakale kahle imithambo yegazi. |
| I-Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA) | Kufana ne-MRI scan. Kusebenzisa insimu yamagnetic. Nalapha futhi, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile ukuze kubonakale kahle isimo semithambo yegazi. |
| I-Angiogram | Kufakwa ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) nge-groin noma engalweni bese liqondiswa emthanjeni wegazi oholela ezinso. Bese kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile bese kubhekwa ukugeleza kwegazi kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray. I-stent nayo ifakwa ngale ndlela efanayo. |
Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi) . Eminye imithi, njenge-aspirin, imithi yokunciphisa igazi, kanye nemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu, ingandisa ingozi yakho yokopha. Ngakho-ke,Ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho.
Futhi, sitshele nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukungezwani komzimba nemithi, imikhiqizo ethile yokuhlanza (njenge-iodine), kanye nokudla.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
Lokhu ngokuvamile akukwenzi ungazi lutho ngokuphelele. Uzonikezwa isisombululo se-saline ngomthambo osesandleni sakho ukuze sikusize uhlale uphumule futhi ulele. Ngakho ngeke ube nenkumbulo eningi yokwelashwa.
Udokotela uzokwenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu embotsheni noma engalweni yakho. Ngaleso simbozo, kufakwa ipayipi elingenalutho (umgoqo) emthanjeni wegazi. Ngemuva kwalokho, elinye ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) lidluliselwa kulelo payipi liye emthanjeni wegazi ovalekile oholela ezinso.
Uma sekufinyelelwe ekuvinjweni, ibhaluni elincane ekugcineni kwepayipi liyafuthwa ukuze kwandiswe ukuvinjelwa. Bese, i-stent yensimbi esikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni ifakwa kuleyo ndawo bese ivulwa. Bese icindezela odongeni lomthambo wegazi, isuse ukuvinjelwa bese ivula indlela yokuthi igazi ligeleze. Le stent yinto ehlala ngaphakathi emzimbeni unomphela.
Uma i-stent isikhona, ibhaluni liyakhishwa bese i-catheter isuswa. I-incision ivalwa ngokufaka ingcindezi noma ngokusebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile, bese kufakwa ibhandishi.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Ngemva kokwelashwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela amahora ambalwa, mhlawumbe ubusuku bonke. Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazoqapha umfutho wegazi lakho, ubuhlungu, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi umuthi wakho wemithi ushintshwe ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya. Lokhu kuzochazwa kuwe.
Uma sekutholakale ukuthi ukulungele ukuya ekhaya, uzokhishwa esibhedlela. Kodwa-ke , kuzodingeka ukuthi kube nelungu lomndeni noma umngane ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kwelashwa?
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa, lolu lunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezincane.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi |
|---|---|
| Kuyindlela yokwelapha eyenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane futhi inemiphumela emibi emincane. | Ukuphuka noma ukuphuma kwegazi lapho ipayipi lifakwe khona. |
| Ukugeleza kwegazi okuthuthukisiwe kuya ezinso. | Ukulimala emthanjeni wezinso noma ezinso. |
| Ukuthola usizo lokunciphisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme. | Amahlule egazi. |
| Kusiza ekuvikeleni ukusebenza kwezinso. | Ukungezwani komzimba noketshezi olukhethekile olusetshenziswe esivivinyweni. |
| Akuvamile kakhulu, ukwehluleka kwezinso. |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Iningi labantu lizizwa lingcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngokuthi kufanele usebenze kangakanani ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala.
Kuzodingeka uthathe imithi yokunciphisa igazi ukuze uvimbele ukuqhekeka kwegazi kuze kube yilapho i-stent iphola. Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-'Aspirin' noma i-'Clopidogrel'. Kuye ngesimo sakho, kungadingeka ukuthi uyithathe inyanga noma unyaka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha le mithi njengoba nje uyalelwe futhi ungayiyeki ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
Iningi labantu lingabuyela emsebenzini noma emisebenzini yalo evamile phakathi nesonto. Kodwa-ke, uma wenza umsebenzi onzima ngokomzimba, njengokuphakamisa izinsimbi, kungathatha isikhathi eside ukululama.
Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?
Ngezinye izikhathi ukuvinjelwa okusha kungavela kwenye indawo emithanjeni yegazi. Ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi uya emtholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe bese ubona udokotela.
Futhi, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo , shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
- Uma uthola umkhuhlane.
- Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.
- Uma kuvela ukuqubuka kwesikhumba.
- Uma indawo lapho ipayipi lifakwe khona ibomvu, insomi, imnyama, ivuvukele, ibuhlungu, noma iphuma igazi.
- Uma umlenze lapho kufakwe khona ipayipi ubuhlungu, ubanda, uphaphathekile, noma uzizwa ubuthakathaka.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obusha esiswini sakho noma ohlangothini oluphathwe kahle.
- Uma uzizwa unesizungu futhi umfutho wegazi wakho uphansi kakhulu (i-hypotension).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Renal Artery Stenting iyindlela yokwelapha ephephile esetshenziswa ukuvula imithambo yegazi evalekile eholela ezinso.
- Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni umfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula nokuvikela ukusebenza kwezinso.
- Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga lokhu kwelashwa. Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma ukuthi uyakudinga noma cha.
- Ngemva kokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imithi enqunywe udokotela, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi, njengoba nje enqunywe udokotela.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungesabi ukukhuluma naye nganoma yiziphi izinto ezikukhathazayo.
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