Uma sicabanga ngokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, iningi lethu licabanga ngokuhlinzwa okuhilela ukusikwa okukhulu phakathi kwesifuba. Kuyesabeka ngempela ukucabanga ngakho, akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi manje kunezindlela eziningi ezintsha nezihlukile ezenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane? Enye yezindlela ezintsha nezithuthukisiwe zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuyirobhothi. Uma uzwa lokhu, abanye abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi irobhothi lenza lo msebenzi ngokwalo. Akunjalo. Ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kuyini ngempela.
Kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okunerobhothi?
Kalula nje, lokhu futhi kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo engangenisi kakhulu . Okusho ukuthi, kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eyenziwa ngokusika okuncane kakhulu, kunokuba kube ukusika okukhulu esifubeni njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvamile. Lapha, udokotela ohlinzayo ulawula izingalo zerobhothi ezithambile kakhulu ezixhunywe kurobhothi ukuze enze ukuhlinzwa.
Cabanga nje, kukhona uhlelo lwengalo oluyirobhothi olungasebenza ngobuchule kakhulu futhi endaweni encane kunezandla ezimbili zikadokotela. Udokotela ulawula lengalo eyirobhothi ukuze enze ukuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yalobu buchwepheshe, ngisho nokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu manje kungenziwa kalula nangokuphephile.
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi buvame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni okufana nalokhu:
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-Mitral.
- Vala izinhlobo ezithile zezimbobo enhliziyweni.
- Susa izimila ezingezona umdlavuza ezakheka enhliziyweni.
Izici ezikhethekile zalolu hlelo lwerobhothi yilezi:
- Umbono onezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D): Udokotela angayibona indawo ehlinzwayo ngokucacile, ekhulisiwe, futhi enezinhlangothi ezintathu. Kufana nokubheka ngaphakathi.
- Ukunemba: Izandla zamarobhothi zingenza ukunyakaza okufanayo nesandla somuntu, isihlakala, neminwe, kodwa futhi zinganyakaza ngokunemba okukhulu nokunemba.
- Ukulawula okunembile: Isandla serobhothi silandela ukunyakaza kwesandla sikadokotela njengoba kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuthuthumela, nangokunemba okukhulu.
Kwenzeka kanjani ngempela lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lesi akusona isimo esiyinkimbinkimbi njengoba ungase ucabange. Egumbini lokuhlinza lapho ukhona, amamitha ambalwa ukusuka kuwe, udokotela uhleli phambi kwekhonsoli enkulu. Kubukeka njengomdlalo wevidiyo. Udokotela ubona kuleyo khonsoli isimo esifanayo nekhamera efakwe emzimbeni wakho.
Nakuba izingalo zerobhothi ziphezulu futhi ziseduze nomzimba wakho, udokotela akakho eduze kwakho ngqo. Ulawula izingalo zerobhothi kusukela kuleyo console. Abanye abasebenzi beqembu lokuhlinzwa (njengabahlengikazi nodokotela bezifo ezibulala izinzwa) baseduze kwakho ngqo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo abe nokulawula okuphelele kulo lonke ukuhlinzwa.Izingalo zamarobhothi azikwazi ukwenza lutho zodwa. Yonke intshukumo eyenziwa udokotela yenziwa yingalo zamarobhothi.
Nansi incazelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yalokho okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa:
1. Okokuqala, udokotela uzokwenza imicu emine emincane kakhulu phakathi kwezimbambo zakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ama-port. Okukhulu kunakho konke kwalokhu kusetshenziswa njenge-"working port".
2. Okulandelayo, kufakwa amathuluzi okuhlinza kanye nekhamera exhunywe ezingalweni zerobhothi ngalezi zimbobo ezincane.
3. Manje udokotela uhleli ekhonsoli, elawula imishini ngezandla zakhe. Unama-pedal ezinyawo awasebenzisayo ukuze angene futhi akhiphe ikhamera.
4. Uma ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe ngokuphelele, zonke izinto zokusebenza ziyasuswa bese kuthi imicu emincane ivalwe.
Yiziphi izifo zenhliziyo eziphathwa ngokuhlinzwa kwerobhothi?
Lobu buchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe busetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo nezifo zenhliziyo ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibuhlolisise.
| Uhlobo Lokuhlinzwa | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-Mitral | Ukulungisa ivalvu ye-mitral evuzayo noma evinjiwe, ivalvu ebalulekile enhliziyweni. |
| Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwe-valve ye-Mitral | Ukususa ivalvu ye-mitral eyonakele kakhulu ukuba ingalungiswa bese kufakwa ivalvu yokwenziwa. |
| Ukulungiswa kwembobo yenhliziyo (ukulungiswa kwe-ASD/PFO) | Ukuvalwa kwembobo yokuzalwa phakathi kwamakamelo enhliziyo (i-Atrial Septal Defect/Patent Foramen Ovale). |
| Ukususwa kwezimila zenhliziyo | Ukususwa kwezimila ezingezona umdlavuza (isib. i-myxoma) enhliziyweni. |
| I-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) | Ukufakelwa kwemithambo yenhliziyo kwenziwa ukuze kugwenywe ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni. Lokhu kwenziwa ezigulini ezikhethiwe. |
Ngingakwazi yini ukwenza lo msebenzi wokuhlinzwa werobhothi?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Kodwa ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi akuwona wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini lokhu. Kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene.
Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngokuvamile yilokhu:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-catheter yenhliziyo: Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ukuvaleka kanye nokucindezeleka emithanjeni yenhliziyo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Hlola isimo senhliziyo namaphaphu.
- I-Echocardiogram: Iskeni esibheka ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, isimo sama-valve, kanye nesakhiwo sayo.
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan): Ithola izithombe ezinemininingwane ezintathu zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezungezile.
Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo, kanye nezinye izici eziningi, njengohlobo kanye nobunzima besifo senhliziyo yakho, ezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Uma unquma ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi, kunezinto eziningana okudingeka uzilungiselele kusengaphambili.
- Umuntu ozokuhambisa ekhaya ngemoto: Hlela kusenesikhathi ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya ngosuku ophuma ngalo esibhedlela.
- Khuluma ngemithi: Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo njengamanje. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha eminye imithi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Yeka ukubhema: Yeka ukubhema ngokuphelele amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Uma usuyekile ukubhema, umoya-mpilo ujikeleza kangcono emzimbeni wakho, okusiza ukuthi izimbobo zakho ziphole ngokushesha.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: Kufanele uyeke ngokuphelele ukudla nokuphuza ngemva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, noma kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo.
Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokuhlinzwa kwerobhothi?
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okunerobhothi kunezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi. Ake sibheke kokubili ngokuningiliziwe.
| Izinzuzo zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okunerobhothi | |
|---|---|
| Ukusikeka okuncane, izibazi ezimbalwa | Njengoba amabele engakhuli kakhulu, izibazi ezisele ngemva kokuphola zincane kakhulu. |
| Ubuhlungu obuncane | Ngenxa yokuthi ukusikwa kuncane, ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa buncane kakhulu. |
| Ukuhlala esibhedlela okufushane | Ngokuvamile ungaya ekhaya ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezine. |
| Ukopha okuncane | Njengoba inani legazi elilahlekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa lincane, zimbalwa izimo zokumpontshelwa igazi ngaphandle. |
| Ingozi ephansi yokutheleleka | Njengoba amanxeba emancane, ingozi yokutheleleka nayo iyancipha. |
| Uphole ngokushesha | Uzokwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile futhi usebenze ngokushesha. |
| Okubi Nokucatshangelwa | |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu | Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa kwerobhothi kungathatha isikhathi eside kunokuhlinzwa okuvamile okuvulekile. |
| Kungenzeka ukushintshela ekuhlinzeni okuvulekile | Akuvamile kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-5% wamacala), uma kuvela ukungakhululeki, udokotela kungadingeka ashintshele ekuhlinzeni okuvulekile ukuze kuphephe isiguli. |
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzoyiswa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) . Lapho, isimo sakho sizoqashwa ngokucophelela. Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenzile, kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, ungase wenze enye i-echocardiogram (i-transthoracic echocardiogram - TTE) ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho.
Kungathatha amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu ukululama ngokuphelele. Iningi labantu lingabuyela emisebenzini yalo evamile, njengokushayela imoto nokuya emsebenzini, zingakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwamane . Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa okuhlinzekwe kuyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina impilo yenhliziyo yakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.
Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele nakanjani wenze lezi zinto:
- Yeka ukubhema nemikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele.
- Lawula amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol.
- Lawula kahle umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunempilo kwenhliziyo.
- Bamba iqhaza ohlelweni lokuvuselela inhliziyo njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Vakashela udokotela ngezinsuku ezihleliwe bese uhlolwa.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma uthola noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukuguquka
- Ukopha ngenxa yokusikeka
- Ubomvu noma ukuvuvukala okuzungeze izimbobo
- Imfiva
- Ukuhlanza noma isicanucanu
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uhlolwe ngokushesha.
Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyisho ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kudinga ulwazi oluningi kanye nekhono. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isibhedlela kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo owenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa njalo futhi onolwazi oluhle.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ngerobhothi kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa yesimanje, ethuthukisiwe eyenziwa ngokusika okuncane ngaphandle kokusika okukhulu esifubeni.
- Lokhu kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi, njengokunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukululama okusheshayo, kanye nesikhathi esincishisiwe esichithwa esibhedlela.
- Udokotela ohlinzayo onekhono nonolwazi ulawula irobhothi phakathi nokuhlinzwa. Irobhothi alikwazi ukusebenza lodwa.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa akufanele wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi kufanele yini kuwe ngemva kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.
- Ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izinguquko ezinhle endleleni yokuphila nokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze ulondoloze impilo yenhliziyo.
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