Cabanga ukuthi uhamba emgwaqweni bese ngokuzumayo uzwa iphunga elimnandi kakhulu, mhlawumbe yiphunga lesinkwa esisha esivela kuleso sitolo. Ngisho noma usuhambe amamitha ambalwa udlule leso sitolo, iphunga lisahlala ekhaleni lakho imizuzwana embalwa, akunjalo? Noma ngisho nangemva kokuba othile ethinte isandla sakho bese esidedela, usengakuzwa ukufudumala kwalokho kuthinta isikhashana. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi inkumbulo yezinzwa, noma ``Inkumbulo Yezinzwa`` . Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala nesimangalisa kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lwezinkumbulo. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula.
Iyini ngempela inkumbulo yezinzwa?
Kalula nje, inkumbulo yezinzwa iyinkumbulo yesikhashana kakhulu eqoqa ulwazi oluvela endaweni esizungezile ngezinzwa zethu ezinhlanu (amehlo, izindlebe, impumulo, ulimi, isikhumba). Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(Irejista Yezinzwa)`.
Kufana nokuthatha isithombe esinekhwalithi ephezulu ngokushesha ngekhamera yekhwalithi ephezulu . Inkumbulo yethu yezinzwa ibamba yonke imininingwane emincane endaweni esizungezile esikhathini esingaphansi komzuzwana. Bese kuthi, kuleyo nqwaba yolwazi, sikhethe kuphela izingcezu esicabanga ukuthi "wow.. lokhu kubalulekile" bese sizithumela enkumbulweni yethu yesikhashana.
Asikwazi ukulawula ukuthi le nkumbulo ihlala isikhathi esingakanani. Ngokuvamile iyanyamalala ngemizuzwana embalwa. Lesi sikhathi esifushane yisona esisivumela ukuthi siqhubeke nokubona izinguquko kanye nobuqili endaweni esizungezile.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zenkumbulo yezinzwa?
Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 eziyinhloko zenkumbulo yezinzwa ezihlobene nezinzwa zethu ezinhlanu. Uzokuqonda lokhu kalula uma ubheka ithebula.
| Uhlobo Lwememori | Umqondo Ohlobene | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|---|
| Inkumbulo edumile | Umbono | Isithombe sento oyibonayo sihlala emehlweni akho cishe umzuzwana. |
| Inkumbulo ye-Echoic | Ukuzwa | Umsindo owuzwayo uzwakala ekhanda lakho cishe imizuzwana emi-2-4. |
| Inkumbulo ye-Haptic | Thinta | Ukuthinta okuzwakalayo okuhlala esikhumbeni imizuzwana embalwa. |
| Inkumbulo emnandi | Ukunambitha | Ukunambitheka okuhlala olimini ngemva kokudla. |
| Inkumbulo ye-Olfactory | Iphunga | Iphunga lihlala emakhaleni ngemva kokulizwa. |
Ake sibheke ezinye izibonelo ezimpilweni zethu?
Lokhu akuzona nje amazwi, kodwa izinto esibhekana nazo nsuku zonke.
Inkumbulo edumile
Cabanga ngesibhakabhaka siba mnyama futhi umbani ushaya ngokuzumayo. Ngemva kokuba ukukhanya kunyamalale, isithombe salowo mbani uhlala phambi kwamehlo akho cishe umzuzwana, akunjalo? Yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi `(inkumbulo ye-Iconic)`. Esinye isibonelo ukuthi lapho sijikeleza i-sparkler esiyikhanyisa ngobusuku boNyaka Omusha, kubonakala sengathi idweba indilinga. Lokho kwenzeka ngoba `(inkumbulo ye-Iconic)` yethu ikhumbula izindawo esibhakabhakeni ezakhanyiswa umzuzwana.
Inkumbulo ye-Echoic
Ngisho noma usuqedile ukulalela ingoma oyithandayo, umculo waleyo ngoma uyaqhubeka udlala ekhanda lakho imizuzwana embalwa, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenzekayo nge-`(Echoic memory)`. Noma uma othile ekubiza, noma ungakunaki, ngemva kwemizuzwana ucabanga ukuthi, "O... ubani ongibizile?" Lokho kungenxa yokuthi umsindo uhlala engqondweni yakho imizuzwana embalwa.
Inkumbulo ye-Haptic
Ngemva kokuba othile ebambe isandla sakho ngokuqinile bese esikhulula, isandla sakho sisazizwa ukuthintwa, ukucindezeleka, isikhashana. Noma ngisho nangemva kokuthinta indwangu erhabaxa, iminwe yakho isazizwa uburhabaxa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(Haptic memory)`.
Izinkumbulo ezimnandi nezinuka kamnandi
Lokhu okubili kuvame ukusebenza ndawonye. Ukunonga okuhlala emlonyeni ngemva kokudla irayisi nosawoti nopelepele okunongiwe kahle, noma ubumnandi obuhlala olimini ngemva kokudla i-milk toffee kuyizibonelo ze-`(Inkumbulo emnandi). Ngokufanayo, uma iphunga lesinkwa lapho udlula ebhikawozi, noma iphunga lempepho linamathela lapho udlula ethempelini, lihlala emakhaleni akho ngisho nangemva kokuba usudlule kuleyo ndawo, lowo ngumsebenzi we-`(Inkumbulo enukayo).`
Isebenza kanjani le nkumbulo yezinzwa?
Le nqubo ishesha kakhulu. Kwenzeka ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa:
1. Ukuzwa umuzwa: Okokuqala, uzwa okuthile ngezinzwa zakho ezinhlanu. Isibonelo, ubona imbali enhle.
2. Ingxenye efanele yobuchopho iyavuselelwa: Lapho nje ubona imbali, ingxenye yobuchopho ephethe umbono (i-sensory cortex) iyavuselelwa ngokushesha. Kufana nokuvula isibani.
3. Ubuchopho bukhetha okubalulekile: Okulandelayo, ubuchopho bakho bunquma esikhathini esingaphansi komzuzwana ukuthi okubonile kubalulekile noma cha. "O... le mbali inhle kakhulu, ngidinga ukukhumbula lokhu" noma "Lokhu kuyinto engahleliwe nje." Ubuchopho bukhetha.
4. Ukukhethwa kuthunyelwa kwinkumbulo yesikhathi esifushane: Ulwazi olukhethiwe njengolubalulekile kuphela oluthunyelwa ezingeni elilandelayo lenkumbulo, inkumbulo yesikhathi esifushane . Ubuchopho bulahla lonke olunye ulwazi olungadingekile.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa izinto ezingadingekile njengalezi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma sizama ukukhumbula yonke into encane esiyibonayo, esiyizwayo, nesiyizwayo, ubuchopho bethu buzogcwala ngokweqile futhi ngeke sikwazi ukwenza lutho ngendlela efanele.
Ake sifunde futhi ngamandla kanye nobude benkumbulo yezinzwa.
Ingakanani imininingwane ongayikhumbula? (Umthamo)
Umthamo wenkumbulo yezinzwa mkhulu kakhulu . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi sisebenzisa izinzwa zethu eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Cabanga ngesikhathi lapho wawudla kahle.
- Ubona umbala welayisi kanye nekhari ngamehlo akho .
- Ngiphunga i-curry ngayinye ngekhala lami .
- Ulimi luzwa ukunambitheka okunjengomuncu, okubabayo, okumnandi, nokunolaka.
- Ungakuzwa ukuthungwa kwezinto ezifana nelayisi nenhlanzi ngesikhumba (ngaphakathi emlonyeni) .
- Ungawuzwa umsindo "wokukhala" ovela ekudleni i-papadam ngendlebe yakho .
Inkumbulo yethu yezinzwa ingagcina lonke lolu lwazi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yilokho okwenza lube namandla kangaka.
Ulwazi lugcinwa isikhathi esingakanani? (Ubude besikhathi)
Nakuba umthamo wayo mkhulu, ulwazi lugcinwa enkumbulweni yezinzwa isikhathi esifushane kakhulu.. Ngokuvamile imizuzwana engu-0.2 kuya kwemizuzwana engu-2-4 kuphela. Lesi sikhathi siyahlukahluka kuye ngomuzwa ngamunye. Isibonelo, inkumbulo ebonakalayo `(Iconic)` ihlala ngaphansi komzuzwana owodwa, kuyilapho inkumbulo yokuzwa `(Echoic)` ingahlala cishe imizuzwana emi-4.
Isizathu sokuthi lokhu kube kufushane kangaka ukuvumela ubuchopho bethu ukuthi buvumelane nemizwa emisha efika kithi njalo ngomzuzwana.
Yiziphi izingxenye zobuchopho ezihilelekile kulokhu?
Le nqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi inkumbulo yezinzwa, ihilela izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho. Inzwa ngayinye inendlela yayo ehlukile. Isibonelo, uma uzwa umsindo, lowo msindo uguqulwa ube isignali kagesi ehamba ngemizwa iye ebuchosheni. Okokuqala uhamba nge-brainstem bese uya kwi-thalamus, ingxenye yobuchopho etholakala phakathi kobuchopho. I-thalamus iyisikhungo esiqondisa ulwazi endaweni efanele. Ukusuka lapho, isignali yomsindo ithunyelwa engxenyeni yobuchopho efanele kakhulu ukuzwa.
Lobu budlelwano bungabonakala ngokucacile kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo Lwenkumbulo Yezinzwa | Isifunda Sobuchopho Esihlobene |
|---|---|
| Ukuzwa (Inkumbulo Echoic) | I-cortex yokuzwa, etholakala ku-lobe yesikhashana |
| Inkumbulo ye-Haptic | I-cortex ye-Somatosensory, etholakala ku-lobe ye-parietal |
| Ukunambitha (Inkumbulo emnandi) | I-cortex eyinhloko yokugaya ukudla, etholakala phakathi kwama-lobes angaphambili nangaphakathi |
| Inkumbulo edumile | I-cortex eyinhloko yokubona, etholakala ku-occipital lobe - ngemuva kobuchopho |
| Inkumbulo ye-Olfactory | Ibhalbhu yokuhogela itholakala phansi kobuchopho, engxenyeni engaphambili. |
Lezi zindawo, kanye nezinye izingxenye zobuchopho, yizona kanye ezenza le nqubo emangalisayo ebizwa ngokuthi inkumbulo yezinzwa.
Ingabe udinga ukuqaphela ngenkumbulo ebucayi?
Inkumbulo yezinzwa iyingxenye yomzimba wethu. Ngakho-ke, njenganoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yomzimba, ingonakala noma ilahlekelwe ukusebenza kwayo ngenxa yezimo ezithile. Ingashintsha ngenxa yokuguga, izimo ezithile zezinzwa, noma ukulimala kobuchopho.
Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nenkumbulo yakho, ikakhulukazi ikhono lakho lokukhumbula izinto, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho. Angakuhlola futhi akuthumele kuchwepheshe ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okwengeziwe uma kudingeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Inkumbulo yezinzwa iqoqo lolwazi mayelana nendawo esizungezile esiluthola ezinzwa zethu ezinhlanu imizuzwana embalwa.
- Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 eziyinhloko zalokhu: umbono (oyi-Iconic), ukuzwa (okuzwakalayo), ukuthinta (okuzwakalayo), ukunambitha (okuzwakalayo), kanye nokunuka (okunukayo).
- Nakuba amandla ale nkumbulo makhulu kakhulu, ulwazi luhlala isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, njengemizuzwana embalwa.
- Le nkumbulo ebucayi ibalulekile ukuze ubuchopho bethu bungagcwali ulwazi olungadingekile futhi sikhethe izinto ezibalulekile kuphela bese sizithumela kwinkumbulo yesikhashana.
- Uma unezinkinga noma ukukhathazeka ngenkumbulo yakho, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho.
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