Amehlo ethu afana nekhamera eyigugu. Kukhona ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebucayi yale khamera esebenza njengefilimu, siyibiza ngokuthi i-retina . Le ngxenye yiyo ethumela izinto esizibonayo ebuchosheni bethu njengezibonakaliso zokukhanya. Ngakho-ke uma kukhona umonakalo kulokhu, umbono wethu ungathinteka kakhulu. Kukhona odokotela abanolwazi ngezifo ze-retina. Namuhla sikhuluma ngabo, okungukuthi, uchwepheshe we-retina.
Ubani uchwepheshe we-Retina?
Kalula nje, uchwepheshe we-Retina ungudokotela wamehlo, kodwa uthole ukuqeqeshwa okujulile kochwepheshe ku-retina kanye nezingxenye zamehlo ethu ezihlobene. I-retina ungqimba oluncane lwamaseli atholakala odongeni lwangemuva lweso. Yilokhu okwamukela ukukhanya, ukuhlela lolo lwazi, bese kuluthumela ebuchosheni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, laba ochwepheshe baphinde belapha izifo zomzimba we-vitreous , into efana nejeli ngaphakathi kweso phakathi kwelensi ne-retina. Lo mzimba we-vitreous yiwona ogcina isikhungo seso sicacile futhi usiza ukukhanya ukuthi kudlule ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kuyi-retina.
Iyini indima yochwepheshe we-retina?
Laba ochwepheshe basebenzisa imishini ekhethekile ukuhlola i-retina kanye nemithambo yegazi eyinikezayo. Eminye yemisebenzi yabo eyinhloko ihlanganisa:
- Ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo okuyinkimbinkimbi okuhlobene ne-retina.
- Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamehlo nezinye izifo zamehlo ezingathi sína.
- Ukwelashwa kokulimala okukhulu kwamehlo.
- Ukunikeza ukwelashwa okukhethekile kokulimala kwamehlo okubangelwa izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba uchwepheshe onjengalona?
Cabanga ukuthi kudinga ukuzinikela okungakanani ukuze ube uchwepheshe onjalo. Lolu uhambo olude lwemfundo oluthatha iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi.
- Okokuqala, iziqu zesayensi zeminyaka emine.
- Ngemva kwalokho, iminyaka emine noma emihlanu yokufunda esikoleni sezokwelapha.
- Okulandelayo, i-internship yonyaka owodwa.
- Ngemva kwalokho, uchitha iminyaka emithathu ufunda nge-ophthalmology ngaphansi kodokotela bamehlo abanolwazi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi uhlelo lokuhlala.
- Ekugcineni, unyaka owodwa noma emibili yokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile emishinini yokuxilonga kanye nokuhlinzwa kwezifo ze-retina kanye nomzimba we-vitreous. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ubudlelwane be-retina-vitreous.
Kungenxa yalolu qeqesho olubanzi ukuthi bakwazi ukwelapha izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi nezingathi sína emehlweni ethu.
Kufanele ubonane nini nochwepheshe we-retina?
Uma udokotela wakho wamehlo ojwayelekile esola ukuthi kunenkinga ngamehlo akho, angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe we-Retina. Nazi ezinye zezimo lapho lokhu kungase kwenzeke khona.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula kanye nezimpawu |
|---|---|
| Ukudabuka noma ukuqhekeka kwe-retinal | Ukudabuka kwe-retinal kungabangela ukuthi uketshezi lwe-vitreous olungaphakathi kweso luphume futhi kubangele ukuthi i-retinal ihlukane. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukubona okufiphele, ukukhanya, isikrini esimnyama phambi kweso, kanye nokuvela ngokuzumayo kwamabala amaningi amnyama (ama-floaters) phambi kweso. Ukuhlukana kwe-retinal kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela uma kungelashwa ngokushesha. Uma unalezi zimpawu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha. |
| Umzimba wangaphandle esweni | Uma into ebukhali inamathela esweni, lochwepheshe uzohlola ukuthi kukhona yini izingcezu zayo ezisele ngaphakathi kweso, futhi uma kunjalo, uzoyisusa ngokucophelela. |
| Ukutheleleka ngaphakathi kweso (i-Endophthalmitis) | Lokhu ukutheleleka okukhulu okwenzeka ngaphakathi kweso. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwamehlo noma ngenxa yengozi eyenzeka esweni. Uchwepheshe angajova ama-antibiotic esweni ukuze anciphise ukuvuvukala. |
| I-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) | Uma amazinga kashukela egazini engalawulwa isikhathi eside, imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ku-retina iyalimala .Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba udala imithambo yegazi emisha nebuthakathaka. Le mithambo yegazi ingavuza igazi, yakhe izicubu ezibomvu, futhi idonse i-retina. Uchwepheshe angasusa le mithambo engavamile ngokuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba idale umonakalo owengeziwe. |
| Ukonakala kwe-Macular okuhlobene nobudala obumanzi (i-AMD) | Kulesi simo, imithambo yegazi engavamile yakheka ngaphansi kwe-retina bese kuvuza igazi. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-retina ihlukane, okubangela ukuthi umbono uphazamiseke noma ulahleke unomphela. Uchwepheshe angajova imithi esweni ebambezela ukukhula kwale mithambo eyingozi. |
| Ukuvalelwa Kwemithambo Ye-Retinal (RVO) | Lokhu ukuvaleka komthambo othwala igazi ulisuse ku-retina. Ukopha okubangelwa yilokhu kanye nokuvuvukala kungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela ngokushesha. Uchwepheshe anganciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye nomonakalo ngokwelashwa nge-laser kanye nemijovo yemithi. |
Ngakho-ke ungabona ukuthi uchwepheshe we-Retina unguchwepheshe odlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukubona kwethu. Uma udokotela wamehlo jikelele ekudlulisela kuchwepheshe onjalo, kusho ukuthi inkinga yakho yamehlo idinga ukwelashwa okujulile nochwepheshe. Ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ulandela leyo miyalelo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isazi Se-Retina singudokotela wamehlo othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ezifweni ze-retina nezingxenye ezihlobene nayo.
- Ubuchwepheshe babo bubalulekile ezimweni ezibucayi njengokuqhekeka kwe-retinal, ukulimala kwamehlo ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, kanye nokutheleleka ngaphakathi kweso.
- Uma udokotela wakho wamehlo ojwayelekile ekudlulisela kuchwepheshe we-retina, ungalibali. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela umbono wakho.
- Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zifaka phakathi ukukhanya okungazelelwe, isikrini esimnyama, noma ukubonakala okungazelelwe kwamabala amaningi amnyama antantayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo , funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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