Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi unomuzwa wokusinda esifubeni sakho, umuzwa wokuqina esifubeni sakho, noma umuzwa wokuphelelwa amandla lapho ukhuphuka izitebhisi, ugijimela ibhasi, noma uzizwa sengathi usuzophelelwa amandla? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu ukukhathala okuvamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yisifo senhliziyo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy . Ungakhathazeki, namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okuphumelele kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi i-Septal Myectomy , okwenziwa njengokwelashwa kwalesi simo. Njengokuchazela umngane, ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamagama alula.
Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi iyini le nto ebizwa ngokuthi i-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Ukuze sikuqonde kalula lokhu, ake siqhathanise inhliziyo yethu nephampu yamanzi. Umsebenzi wephampu ukudonsa amanzi ngamapayipi bese uwathumela endlini yonke. Inhliziyo yethu injalo, umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wethu wonke.
Kunezindawo ezine eziyinhloko enhliziyweni yethu.
- Sibiza amakamelo amabili aphezulu ngokuthi i-atria (kwesokudla nakwesobunxele).
- Sibiza amakamelo amabili angaphansi kwenhliziyo ngokuthi ama-ventricle (kwesokudla nakwesobunxele).
Ukuze kube sobala, kukhona udonga lwemisipha oluhlukanisa amakamelo angakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla ngezansi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-septum . Ku-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, lolu donga oluphakathi nenhliziyo, luba lukhuni ngendlela engavamile kunokuvamile.
Cabanga ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma ipayipi elikuleyo pompo yamanzi livalekile? Isikhala sokugeleza kwamanzi sinciphile, futhi ipompo kufanele isebenze kanzima kakhulu ukuze ikhiphe amanzi. Yilokho okwenzekayo nalapha. Le septum iyaqina futhi iphumele e-ventricle yesobunxele. Bese indlela yokugeleza kwegazi iphuma e-ventricle yesobunxele, igumbi eliyinhloko elipompa igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni, iyavalwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima kakhulu (isebenze ngokweqile) kunokujwayelekile ukuze ipompe inani legazi elidingwa umzimba wonke.
Lesi simo singaba yisifo senhliziyo sokuzalwa kwabanye abantu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bazalwa benale nkinga. Kwabanye, ingakhula kamuva ekuphileni.
Ngakho-ke kuyini lokhu kuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-Septal Myectomy?
Kalula nje, i-Septal Myectomy iwukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile lapho udokotela ohlinza inhliziyo ekhipha khona ingxenye eqine ngendlela engavamile yodonga lwenhliziyo (septum).
Njengokuhlanza umgwaqo ngokususa ukuvaleka kwepayipi lamanzi, ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, ukuvaleka kokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni kuyasuswa. Ngemuva kwalokho inhliziyo ingapompa igazi kalula emzimbeni wonke ngaphandle kokuvaleka. Lena yinhloso eyinhloko yalokhu kuhlinzwa.
Kunconywa bani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela akakuncomi lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokushesha. Okokuqala bazama ukulawula izimpawu ngokunikeza imithi. Kodwa-ke,
- Kulabo abanezimpawu (njengokuphelelwa umoya, ubuhlungu besifuba) ezingenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi.
- Kulabo abanodonga olujiyile kakhulu ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo, okubangela ukuvinjelwa okukhulu kokugeleza kwegazi .
- Abesifazane abane-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy abahlela ukukhulelwa (ngisho noma izimpawu zingembi kangako, lokhu kuhlinzwa kunganconywa njengesinyathelo sokuqapha njengoba inhliziyo icindezelwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa).
Kusezimweni ezinjengalezi lapho udokotela ezokhuluma nawe khona bese enquma ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza yonke imiyalelo oyidingayo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Akukho lutho olubalulekile okufanele ulwenze, kodwa kunezinto ezithile okufanele uzazi.
- Uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi , ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Uma ubhema , kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzama ukuyeka ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, njengoba ukubhema kuphazamisa inqubo yokuphulukiswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kuhlolwe ngokunembile isimo senhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isilungele kangakanani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kalula nje, wenzani ngakho? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Izinto ezifana nempilo yakho jikelele, ukusebenza kwezinso kanye nesibindi ziyahlolwa. |
| I-X-ray yesifuba | Bheka ukuma nobukhulu benhliziyo namaphaphu. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) | Umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo, okungukuthi, isigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo, uyahlolwa. |
| I-Echocardiogram (i-Echo) | Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi amakamelo enhliziyo, izindonga, nama-valve asebenza kanjani, ukuthi izindonga zijiyile kangakanani, nokuthi kukhona yini izithiyo ekugelezeni kwegazi. |
| I-MRI yenhliziyo | Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane zemisipha yenhliziyo. |
| Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo | Ukuhlolwa lapho ithubhu elincane lidluliselwa khona ngemithambo engalweni noma emlenzeni enhliziyweni ukuze kuhlolwe ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo kanye nokucindezeleka ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo. |
Indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu, uzoba sebuthongweni obujulile. Ngeke uzwe lutho kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhlinzwa kuze kube sekupheleni.
Ngemva kokulala, ithimba lokuhlinzwa lizolandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukufinyelela enhliziyweni: Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika okuqondile phakathi kwesifuba sakho, ehlukanisa ngokucophelela ithambo lesifuba (sternum) libe kabili ukuze afinyelele enhliziyweni.
2. Ukuxhumanisa Nomshini Wenhliziyo Namaphaphu: Okulandelayo, uzoxhunywa nomshini wenhliziyo namaphaphu . Lona umshini omangalisayo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho, okupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke futhi kwengeza umoya-mpilo egazini, wenziwa okwesikhashana yilo mshini. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthi amise inhliziyo futhi enze ukuhlinzwa endaweni ezolile, engenalo igazi.
3. Ukususa ingxenye ejiyile: Manje sekuza ingxenye eyinhloko. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzosika ngokucophelela ingxenye eyengeziwe yemisipha yodonga olujiyile (i-septum) yenhliziyo. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ngezinga elidingekayo ukuze kususwe ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi.
4. Ukuyekisa: Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzokhishwa emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu, futhi inhliziyo yakho izoqala ukusebenza yodwa futhi.
5. Ukuvala imbobo:Ekugcineni, i-sternum ixhunywa kabusha bese isifuba sivalwa ngezitishi ezincibilikayo.
Ukuhlinzwa konke kuvame ukuthatha cishe amahora amathathu noma amane .
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzongeniswa ngqo e-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) , lapho izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kuzoqashwa khona ngokucophelela.
- Emahoreni okuqala angu-24-48, ungase ube ne-catheter yomchamo kanye nepayipi lokukhipha amanzi esifubeni ukuze ukhiphe uketshezi oluningi. Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu, kungokwesikhashana.
- Ngemva kwamahora angaba ngu-48, uzoqala ukuhamba kancane ngosizo lochwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba.
- Iningi labantu lihlala esibhedlela isikhathi esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezinhlanu, bese kuthi ngemva kwalokho likwazi ukuya emakhaya.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezincane. Kodwa-ke, i-Septal Myectomy iyindlela yokuhlinzwa ephumelela kakhulu futhi engenangozi kakhulu.
| Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa | |
|---|---|
| Ukunyamalala kwezimpawu | Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya (ukuphelelwa umoya), ubuhlungu besifuba (i-angina), kanye nokuquleka (i-syncope) cishe zizophela ngokuphelele. Uzokwazi ukuphila impilo esebenzayo futhi. |
| Ukuba nempumelelo ephezulu | Lokhu kuhlinzwa kunezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lempumelelo. Ngokusho kocwaningo olulodwa, abantu abangu-94% abahlinzwa bathole impumuzo ezimpawini zabo. |
| Imiphumela yesikhathi eside | Imiphumela yalokhu kuhlinzwa ihlala isikhathi eside. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, isikhathi sokuphila sesiguli sitholakale sifana nesomuntu ophilile kahle. |
| Izinkinga ezingaba khona (Izingozi) - (Lezi azivamile) | |
|---|---|
| Ukwakheka koketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo noma amaphaphu | Ngezinye izikhathi uketshezi lunganqwabelana eduze kwenhliziyo noma amaphaphu. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungelashwa ngemithi. |
| I-Atrial Fibrillation | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Lokhu kungalawulwa futhi ngemithi. |
| Ukuvimba Inhliziyo | Ukuphazamiseka kwezimpawu zikagesi zenhliziyo. Lokhu kungabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmias). Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, i-pacemaker ingadinga ukufakwa njengokwelashwa. |
Khumbula, ingozi yalezi zinkinga iyanda kubantu abanezinye izifo zenhliziyo, ababhemayo, kanye nalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Kumuntu ophilile, le ngozi iphansi kakhulu.
Uzozizwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokululama?
Uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono kakhulu ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uzobona umehluko njengoba izinto ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya zihamba.
- Ekuqaleni, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane noma ukuqina esifubeni sakho, kodwa akufanele kube nzima ukukuthwala.
- Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa ukhathele kancane futhi ungenawo amandla ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kodwa amandla akho azobuyela esimweni sawo esijwayelekile phakathi namasonto ambalwa.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha ukululama kwakho ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha .
| Izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga ezihlobene nokusika | Uma kukhona ukubomvu okungajwayelekile, ukuvuvukala, noma ukufudumala eduze kwendawo yokuhlinzwa (ukusika). |
| Imfiva | Uma izinga lokushisa lomzimba likhuphuka ngaphezu kwama -Fahrenheit angu-100.4 (38 Celsius) . |
| Ukwanda kwesisindo | Uma ngokuzumayo ukhula ngesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-2.5 (amakhilogremu angu-5) ngesonto (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni). |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Uma ngokuzumayo uba nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu esifubeni. |
I-Septal Myectomy iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kodwa kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu futhi eshintsha impilo ye-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, uzokwazi ukuphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kokwesaba, ngaphandle kokukhathala, futhi. Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, wenze izivivinyo ezidingekayo, bese ubuza okwengeziwe ngalokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Septal Myectomy ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile okwenziwa ngenxa yesifo i -Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy , lapho udonga lwenhliziyo lujiyile ngendlela engavamile.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukusika ingxenye eyengeziwe yodonga lwenhliziyo olujiyile, kususwe isithiyo sokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukunconywa kulabo abanezimpawu ezingenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi.
- Lena inqubo ephumelela kakhulu futhi engenangozi kakhulu. Iningi labantu lithola impumuzo ephelele ezimpawini ngemva kwenqubo.
- Ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kuthatha amasonto amaningana, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha phakathi naleso sikhathi.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, njengokuvuvukala kwesilonda, umkhuhlane, noma ukukhuluphala ngokuzumayo, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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