Ake sifunde kalula nge-Thoracoscopy, ukuhlolwa okuhilela ukufaka ikhamera esifubeni.

Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi wenze i-'Thoracoscopy'? Kungenzeka ukuthi uzizwe wesaba kancane lapho uzwa igama. "Kuyini lokhu?" "Ingabe ukuhlinzwa okukhulu?" "Kunzima ngempela?" Imibuzo eminingi efana nalena kungenzeka ukuthi ifike engqondweni. Kodwa empeleni ayesabisi njengoba ucabanga. Kuyinqubo evamile kakhulu, ephephile, futhi elula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngayo ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngendlela ezosusa yonke imibuzo nokwesaba ongase ube nakho ngayo.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Thoracoscopy?

Cabanga nje, udokotela usola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle esifubeni sakho, okungukuthi, endaweni lapho kukhona khona amaphaphu. Kodwa i-X-ray noma i-CT scan azikwazanga ukukhomba kahle ukuthi iyini. Esikhathini esinjengalesi, bekungaba kuhle kangakanani uma ungangena ngaphakathi uyobheka? Yilokho kanye le nqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Thoracoscopy esetshenziselwa khona.

Kalula nje, lokhu kuhilela ukwenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu esikhumbeni sesifuba bese ufaka ikhamera encane ngayo. Le khamera ibizwa ngokuthi i-thoracoscope . Iyipayipi elincane elingangepensela. Inekhamera kanye nokukhanya ekugcineni. Uma le khamera ifakiwe, udokotela angabona kahle amaphaphu akho, isikhala esizungeze amaphaphu (esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi isikhala se-pleural ), i-diaphragm, nakho konke okungaphakathi, njengodonga lwesifuba, esikrinini esikhulu se-TV (i-monitor).

Le nqubo ivame ukwenziwa njengengxenye yenqubo yokuhlinzwa ebizwa ngokuthi i-Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo akabheki umzimba wakho, kodwa ubheka izithombe ezikuleyo sikrini esikhulu se-TV, futhi wenza ukuhlinzwa ngobuhlakani obukhulu, esebenzisa amathuluzi amancane. Lobu ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kakhulu.

Ingabe lokhu kwenziwa njengokuhlolwa noma njengokwelashwa?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo empeleni ithi, "Ungenza kokubili." Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi kungani wenza lokhu.

• I-Diagnostic Thoracoscopy: Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela ufuna nje ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi. Noma, bangase bafune ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu endaweni esolisayo ukuze bayihlole. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i -biopsy . Kufana nomphenyi ongena efuna ubufakazi. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi i-Pleuroscopy .

• Ukwelashwa (i-Therapeutic Thoracoscopy): Ngezinye izikhathi, imbangela eqondile yenkinga iyaziwa. Bese le nqubo isetshenziswa ukwelapha leyo nkinga. Okusho ukuthi, yenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlinzwa.

Kunini lapho kudingeka khona i-thoracoscopy?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela engase ancome le nqubo. Eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Thola ulwazi olungatholakali ezivivinyweni ezifana ne-chest X-ray, i-CT scan, kanye ne-ultrasound scan.
• Susa ingxenye yongqimba lwangaphakathi lodonga lwesifuba (i-pleura).
• Susa izingxenye zamaphaphu ezonakele (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukuhlinzwa kokunciphisa umthamo wamaphaphu').
• Susa amaphakethe omoya emaphashini.
• Uma kukhona umdlavuza emaphashini, susa ingxenye yomdlavuza (ukususwa kwamaphaphu).
• Susa uketshezi oluningi oluqongeleleke emaphashini bese usebenzisa umuthi ukuvimbela uketshezi ukuthi lungaphinde luqongeleleke (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-pleurodesis').

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungadingeka, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezimo ezifana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu noma i-mesothelioma (umdlavuza wolwelwesi lwamaphaphu). Kuphinde kusetshenziswe ukwelapha umdlavuza we-thymus gland noma umphimbo esifubeni.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-thoracoscopy ne-thoracotomy?

Cishe uke wezwa igama elithi thoracotomy . Nakuba kokubili kungukuhlinzwa kwesifuba, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili. I-Thoracoscopy ifana "nokubuka ngembobo yokhiye." I-Thoracotomy ifana "nokuvula umnyango."

Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili ngale ndlela.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokuqala i-thoracoscopy, uma udokotela ohlinzayo enquma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa akukwazi ukuqedwa ngokuphephile ngalezi zimbobo ezincane, angase ashintshele ku-thoracotomy enembobo enkulu. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuphepha kwakho.

Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?

Nakuba lokhu kungeyona inqubo enkulu yokuhlinzwa, kudinga ukulungiselela okuthile.

• Khuluma nodokotela wakho: Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemithi yamakhambi oyithathayo. Ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (njenge- aspirin, i-clopidogrel, noma i-warfarin ), buza ukuthi udinga yini ukuyeka ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Ukuzila Ukudla: Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa, uzokwaziswa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho amahora amaningana (ngokuvamile amahora angu-6-8) ngaphambi kwenqubo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela okuqukethwe esiswini ukuthi kungangeni epayipini lomoya ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho, ukwazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela egumbini lokuhlinza kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka kwakho. Ukuhlinzwa kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela kusigamu sehora kuya emahoreni amaningana, kuye ngokuthi kwenziwani ngaphakathi.

1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uzofakwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uzwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa futhi uzolala ngokuphelele. Umuthi uzonikezwa ngepayipi elincane (i-IV cannula) elibekwe engalweni yakho.

2. Ukuxhuma kumshini wokuphefumula: Ngemva kokulala, kufakwa ipayipi emphinjeni wakho lingene epayipini lakho lomoya bese lixhunywe emshinini wokuphefumula (`i-ventilator`). Lo mshini uzokuphefumula kuze kube yilapho ukuhlinzwa kuphelile. Ngeke uzizwe noma yikuphi kwalokhu.

3. Ukwenza izingcezu ezincane:Okulandelayo, udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza izimbobo ezimbili noma ezintathu ezincane, ezingadluli isigamu sesentimitha ubude, esifubeni sakho, phakathi kwezimbambo zakho.

4. Ukufaka ikhamera namathuluzi: Ngokusika okukodwa, kufakwa ikhamera (i-'thoracoscope') esikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni. Ngokusika okunye, kufakwa amathuluzi amancane kakhulu, amade adingekayo ekuhlinzeni.

5. Ukuhlolwa noma ukwelashwa: Manje udokotela ubheka isikrini se-TV bese ehlola ngokucophelela ingaphakathi lesifuba. Uma kudingeka i-biopsy, iyathathwa, uma kukhona ingxenye okufanele isuswe, iyasuswa, noma kwenziwa ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

6. Ukususa imishini: Ngemva kokuba umsebenzi usuqediwe, ikhamera nayo yonke eminye imishini iyakhishwa.

7. Ukufakwa Kwepayipi Lesifuba: Okulandelayo, kufakwa ipayipi lepulasitiki (`ipayipi lesifuba`) emgodini wesifuba ngomunye wemivimbo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukususa noma yimuphi umoya noma uketshezi okungenzeka ukuthi luqongelelene ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuzodingeka kushiywe endaweni yalo usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

8. Ukuthunga izimbobo: Ekugcineni, izimbobo ezincane ezenziwe zivalwa ngezimbobo.

9. Ukuvuka ekubulaweni yizinzwa: Manje udokotela wezinzwa uzokuvusa kancane kancane. Uma usukwazi ukuphefumula wedwa, ipayipi elalisemphinjeni wakho lizosuswa.

Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlinzwa, uzodluliselwa ewadini.

• Ukozela: Ngenxa yemiphumela yemithi yokubulala izinzwa, uzozizwa ulele futhi ungaphili isikhashana.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu: Kusukela kwafakwa ipayipi lokuphefumula, kungase kube nobuhlungu obuncane emphinjeni kanye noshintsho lwezwi usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.
• Ubuhlungu: Uzozwa ubuhlungu ezindaweni zokusikwa. Uzonikezwa izinhlungu zobuhlungu ukuze zikusize ngalokhu.
• Ipayipi Lesifuba: Ipayipi lesifuba lizohlala endaweni yalo usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela uze ukhishwe.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: I-X-ray yesifuba izokwenziwa futhi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi amaphaphu asebenza kahle yini.
• Ukudla: Umphimbo wakho nomlomo kungase kuzwakale sengathi kuyaphambana ekuqaleni. Ngeke uvunyelwe ukudla noma ukuphuza kuze kube yilapho kuyaphambana.

Ngokuvamile ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Kungathatha amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha ukululama ngokuphelele.

Ingabe kukhona ingozi kulokhu?

Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunengozi encane ehilelekile. Kodwa-ke, inqubo ephephile kakhulu. Izinga lokufa liphansi kakhulu, ku-0.3%. Izinkinga ezingaba khona nazo ziphansi kakhulu.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona (Izingozi)

• Ukugeleza.
• Ukusikeka noma izifo zamaphaphu.
• Imfiva.
• Ukuqongelela komoya eduze nendawo yokusikwa noma esikhaleni samaphaphu.
• Iphaphu eligobile.
• Ukuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini.

Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, udokotela wakho kanye nabasebenzi besibhedlela sebekulungele ukuyelapha. Ngakho ungakhathazeki ngayo.

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngasiphi isikhathi?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uzwa ubuhlungu ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya usuka esibhedlela. Uma uzwa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka lezi zici.