Ingabe ingane yakho yenza imisindo engavamile ngenkathi iphefumula? Ingabe kungaba yi-Tracheomalacia? | Nirogi Lanka

Uyawubona yini umsindo ongavamile lapho ingane yakho iphefumula? Ingabe kubonakala sengathi ukuphefumula kwayo kuyacindezelwa noma kuyavinjelwa, ikakhulukazi lapho idla noma ikhala? Noma mhlawumbe ihlushwa ukukhwehlela nomkhuhlane oqhubekayo? Kungokwemvelo ngabazali ukuzizwa bekhathazekile noma bekhathazekile lapho bebona lezi zimpawu. Namuhla, eNirogi Lanka, sifuna ukukhanyisa isimo esibangela lezi zimpawu eziqondile—isimo abantu abaningi abangasijwayele, kodwa esingaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokuxilongwa okunembile nokunakekelwa okufanele. Sikhuluma nge -Tracheomalacia .

Iyini i-Tracheomalacia? Umhlahlandlela olula ovela eNirogi Lanka

Kalula nje, i-tracheomalacia yisimo lapho i-cartilage e -windpipe yakho (i-trachea) ibuthakathaka noma ingakhulanga kahle. Ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini ngempela i-windpipe kanye ne-cartilage yayo.

Cabanga ngombhobho wakho womoya njengepayipi eliqinile elithwala umoya uye emaphashini akho. Izindonga zalo mbhobho zisekelwa yizindandatho ze-cartilage ezimise okwe-C—izicubu eziqinile neziguquguqukayo ezifana nesakhiwo serabha ezindlebeni zakho. Lezi zindandatho zigcina umbhobho wakho womoya uvulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi, zisebenza njengepayipi eliqinisiwe elingawi lapho licindezelwa.

Kodwa-ke, kumuntu one-tracheomalacia—evame ukubonakala ezinsaneni—le cartilage ayinamandla ngokwanele. “Iyantengantenga kakhulu.” Ngenxa yalokho, uma uphefumula, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi uphefumula ngokujulile, ukhala, noma ukhwehlela, izindonga zombhobho womoya ziyawa ngaphakathi futhi zivimbele indlela yokuphefumula. Isebenza njengebhaluni elingavuthi ngokugcwele; njengoba umoya udlula, uyawa kancane. Yilokhu okubangela lowo msindo ohlukile futhi kwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima. Kwezinye izimo, i-mucus ingabanjwa emaphashini ngoba kunzima ukuyihlanza.

Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa , kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Ezinsaneni, izimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi nenyanga yokuqala noma ezimbili. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ezinganeni eziningi, njengoba zikhula, i-cartilage iqina ngokwemvelo lapho zineminyaka emithathu, futhi izimpawu ziyaphela. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa .

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-tracheomalacia?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. I-Congenital Tracheomalacia

"Ukuzalwa kabusha" kusho ukuthi kukhona kusukela ekuzalweni. Kulezi zimo, uqwanga olusemphinjeni womntwana aluzange lukhule kahle ngesikhathi esesibelethweni, okusho ukuthi inkinga ikhona kusukela ngesikhathi umntwana ezalwa.

2. I-Tracheomalacia Etholakale

"Ukutholwa" kusho isimo esikhula kamuva empilweni ngenxa yezimbangela ezithile. Uma ipayipi lomoya lithola umonakalo ngenxa yokulimala, ukuhlinzwa okuthile, noma ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside komshini wokuphefumula, i-cartilage ingaba buthaka. Lokhu kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi ubudala, yize kungavamile kangako.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuthakathaka emapayipini amancane asuka embhobho womoya aye emaphashini (i-bronchi). Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-tracheobronchomalacia .

Kuvamile kangakanani?

I-tracheomalacia yokuzalwa ibhekwa njengengavamile, yize iyisici esivame kakhulu sokuzalwa somphimbo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi senzeka cishe kubantwana abangoyedwa kwabangu-2,100 . I-tracheomalacia etholakale ingavamile nakakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu? Kufanele ufune nini usizo?

Uphawu oluphawulekayo lwe-tracheomalacia umsindo ophakeme lapho uphefumula, owaziwa ngokuthi i-stridor . Ungase uqaphele ingane yakho yenza umsindo "wokuphefumula" noma "wokukhala", ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudla noma lapho ikhala noma ikhathazekile.

Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• Ubunzima obandayo bokuphefumula ngesikhathi ukhala, uncelisa, noma ukhwehlela.
• Umuzwa wokuminyana .
• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli okuqhubekayo.
• I-Cyanosis , okuwumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhumbeni, ezindebeni, noma ezinziphoni okubangelwa umoya-mpilo ophansi. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esibucayi—funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha noma ushayele u-911.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla.
• Izwi elihoshozelayo .
• Izifo zokuphefumula ezivame ukwenzeka njenge -pneumonia noma i-bronchitis .
• Ukuphelelwa umoya .
• Umsindo wokukhenceza noma wokuphefumula ovela esifubeni.

Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa lezi zimpawu, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wezingane ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.

Yini ebangela i-tracheomalacia?

Njengoba kushiwo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezimbangela:

Izimbangela ze-Congenital Tracheomalacia:

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-cartilage yomphimbo ihluleka ukwakheka kahle ngesikhathi umntwana esesibelethweni, okuholela ekutheni izicubu ezithambile noma ezingakakhuli kahle kunokuba kube ukusekelwa kwesakhiwo okuqinile.

Izimbangela ze-Tracheomalacia Etholakale:

Kunezici eziningana ezingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi simo kamuva ekuphileni:

• I-reflux yesisu engapheli (GERD) , lapho i-asidi yesisu ikhuphukela emphinjeni futhi icasule indlela yokuphefumula.
• Ukulimala komphimbo, okungenzeka ukuthi kubangelwa ukuhlinzwa noma izinqubo zezokwelapha.
• Izifo zamaphaphu ezifana ne -emphysema .
• I-Polychondritis , isimo sokuvuvukala esithinta i-cartilage.
• Izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe i-tracheoesophageal fistula (ukuxhumana okungavamile phakathi kwe-esophagus nomphimbo womoya).
• Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe- tracheostomynoma ipayipi lokuphefumula elenziwe ngokwenziwa (i-ventilator).
• Izifo zokuphefumula eziphindaphindayo ezifana ne -bronchitis .

I-Tracheomalacia ngezinye izikhathi ingahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo.

• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula.
• I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (isimo sofuzo esithinta izicubu ezixhumeneyo).
• Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?

Uma i-tracheomalacia ingelashwa, ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Ukuvaleka komoya: Lokhu kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela impilo. Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibhekene nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, sicela nifune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha egumbini eliphuthumayo eliseduze noma nishayele u-911.
• I-pneumonia yokuphefumula: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukudla noma uketshezi kungena emigudwini yomoya nasemaphashini, okuholela ekuthelelekeni.
• Ukukhula kuyantengantenga: Ubunzima bokuphefumula bungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwengane.
• Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe kokuphefumula: Ukutheleleka okuvamile noma okuqhubekayo kwendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu.

Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimpawu zingaqhubeka, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela eNirogi Lanka uma ubona noma yiziphi izinkinga zokuphefumula eziqhubekayo.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka uzoqala ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokubuyekezwa okuningiliziwe komlando wezokwelapha wakho noma wengane yakho. Ukuze babone kahle indlela yokuphefumula, bangenza i- laryngoscopy noma i-bronchoscopy . Phakathi nale nqubo, ipayipi elincane, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera nokukhanya lidlula ekhaleni noma emlonyeni ukuze kubonwe umphimbo ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kuvumela uchwepheshe ukuthi abone ukuthi izindonga zomoya zibuthakathaka noma ziyawa yini ngesikhathi sokuphefumula.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe:

• I-fluoroscopy yomoya: Ucwaningo lwe-X-ray oluqhubekayo olulandelela ukuthi umoya wakho uhamba kanjani ngenkathi uphefumula.
• I-Barium swallow (Esophagram): Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola noma yiziphi izinkinga eziyisisekelo ngomqala.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-CT scan.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI.

Lokhu kuxilongwa kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa kwe-tracheomalacia kanye nokunquma ubucayi besimo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha? Ungakhathazeki, zikhona izixazululo!

Ukwelapha i-tracheomalacia kuncike ebunzimeni besimo sakho esithile. Izinketho zisukela ekwelashweni okungekona ukuhlinzwa kanye nemithi kuya ekuhlinzeni kwamacala abucayi. Ithimba lethu eNirogi Lanka lizosebenza nawe ukuhlela uhlelo oluhlangabezana nezidingo zakho.

Ukwelashwa okungekona ukuhlinzwa

Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zigxile ekugcineni indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile futhi zisuse amafinyila emaphashini.

• Ukuphefumula umoya onomswakama: Ukusebenzisa i -humidifier yasekhaya kwengeza umswakama emoyeni, okungenza uketshezi lube luncane futhi kwenze ukuphefumula kube lula.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kwesifuba (CPT): Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba angakufundisa izivivinyo zokuphefumula ezikhethekile kanye namasu okusiza ukuhlanza amaphaphu akho.
• I-CPAP (Ukucindezeleka Komoya Okuqhubekayo Okuhle): Lo mshini uvame ukusetshenziswa kulabo abanezinkinga zokuphefumula ezihlobene nokulala, futhi usiza ukugcina indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile ngenkathi ulele.

Imithi

Odokotela bangase banikeze imithi ehlukahlukene yokwelapha izimpawu ze-tracheomalacia:

• Ama-antibiotic okutheleleka ngamagciwane.
• Ama-bronchodilator ukusiza ukuphumula imisipha yomoya (njenge-asthma inhalers).
• Ama-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Imithi yokubulala amagciwane ukuze kuncishiswe uketshezi lokuphefumula.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho izinketho ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa zinganele, ukuhlinzwa kunganconywa:

• I-Aortopexy: Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa umthambo omkhulu wegazi (i-aorta) ku-trachea bese ewuqinisa ethanjeni lesifuba, evimbela ukuwohloka komoya.
• Ukufaka i-stenting: Kufakwa idivayisi encane yokusekela (i-stent) endleleni yokuphefumula ukuze ihlale ivulekile.
• I-Tracheopexy: Inqubo lapho ingxenye ye-trachea inamathele esakhiweni esiseduze, njengethambo lesifuba noma i-spinal ligament, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indlela yokuphefumula ihlala ivulekile.

Ingabe i-tracheomalacia ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela i-tracheomalacia, njengoba izinhlobo zokuzalwa zivame ukuba ngaphezu kwamandla ethu. Kodwa-ke, ngesiqondiso sochwepheshe baseNirogi Lanka, lesi simo singaphathwa futhi siqashwe ngempumelelo.

Iyini inhloso yokululama?

Nazi izindaba eziqinisekisayo: Abantu abaningi abane-tracheomalacia bayaqhubeka nokuphila impilo enempilo nesebenzayo ngemva kokwelashwa nokuphathwa okufanele.

Ukwelashwa akuhlali njalo impilo yonke. Izingane eziningi ezizalwa zine-tracheomalacia yokuzalwa zibona isimo sazo sithuthuka ngokwazo lapho zineminyaka engu-3. Njengoba ingane ikhula, i-cartilage esendleleni yomoya iyaqina ngokwemvelo, inciphise izimpawu. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo ngemithi noma ukuhlinzwa kusadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukululama okuphelele.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninesifo se-tracheomalacia, kufanele nihlale niqashwe ngokucophelela ngudokotela, ikakhulukazi uma kuvela izifo zokuphefumula. Ngisho nomkhuhlane omncane ovamile ngezinye izikhathi ungabangela izinkinga. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukwelashwa noma imithi ethile yokuphatha izimpawu zakho ngempumelelo.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inezimpawu ze-tracheomalacia—njengokukhwehlela okungapheli, ukuphefumula okunomsindo, noma izifo zokuphefumula eziphindaphindayo— funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Abantu abadala abane-tracheomalacia bangase babe nokungabekezelelani nokuzivocavoca (ukuphelelwa umoya ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca) kanye nokutheleleka okuvamile kokuphefumula. Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, xoxa ngazo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze bakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi batuse ukwelashwa okufanele.

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Uma ukuxilongwa kwe-tracheomalacia sekuqinisekisiwe, cabanga ngokubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo elandelayo:

• Sibi kangakanani lesi simo?
• Iyini imbangela eyisisekelo (ezalwa nayo noma etholwe)?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okukhethekile okuncomayo?
• Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuzodingeka?
• Yini engingayenza ekhaya ukusiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu?
• Kufanele siqale ngokushesha kangakanani ukwelashwa?

Ukubuza le mibuzo kuzokusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono lesi simo futhi uzizwe uqiniseka kakhudlwana ezinyathelweni zakho ezilandelayo.

Izimo ezingase zididaniswe ne-Tracheomalacia

I-Tracheomalacia ngezinye izikhathi ididaniswa nezinye izimo ezibonisa izimpawu ezifanayo. Izibonelo ezimbili eziyinhloko zifaka:

• I-Laryngomalacia: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthamba kwezicubu ezingaphezu kwebhokisi lezwi (i-larynx), elihlala ngaphezu kwe-trachea.
• I-Tracheobronchomalacia: Lokhu kuhilela ubuthakathaka ku-bronchi (amapayipi asuka ku-trachea aye emaphashini). Abanye abantu abane-tracheomalacia bangase babe nalesi simo ngasikhathi sinye.

Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu wokuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zimo futhi anikeze ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Umyalezo Wokuya Nawo Ekhaya

Ukufunda ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-tracheomalacia kungaba yinto eyesabekayo, futhi kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa ukhathazekile lapho ingane yakho ikhala noma ikhwehlela, noma uma ubhekene nalokhu ngemva kokulimala. Kodwa-ke, khumbula:

I-Tracheomalacia ngokuvamile ayisona isimo esisongela ukuphila, futhi ngisho nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ivame ukusabela kahle ekwelashweni.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha noma ezikhona ziba zimbi kakhulu, zazise ngokushesha. Hlala unethemba—ngesiqondiso nokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, ungabhekana ngempumelelo nalesi simo. I-Nirogi Lanka ilapha ukuzokusekela.

Amagama angukhiye: I-Tracheomalacia, I-Trachea, Ubunzima bokuphefumula, Impilo yezingane, I-Stridor, I-Cyanosis, I-Cartilage