Ingabe ingane yakho yenza umsindo ongajwayelekile uma iphefumula? Ingabe kungaba yi-Tracheomalacia?

Ingabe ingane yakho encane yenza umsindo ongajwayelekile lapho iphefumula? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi izizwa iphelelwa umoya uma iphuza ubisi noma ikhala? Noma ingabe ivame ukukhwehlela noma umkhuhlane? Kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi umama noma ubaba azizwe esaba kakhulu futhi ekhathazekile lapho ebona izinto ezinjengalezi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esingabangela izimpawu ezinjengalesi, kodwa abantu abaningi abake bezwa ngaso, kodwa uma siqashelwa futhi selashwa kahle, singelapheka. Leyo yi -tracheomalacia .

Iyini i-Tracheomalacia? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, i-tracheomalacia yisimo esenzeka lapho i-cartilage emphinjeni wethu iba buthaka noma ingakhuli kahle. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini le-trachea, i-cartilage.

Cabanga nge-trachea njengepayipi elithwala umoya liye emaphashini lapho siphefumula. Izindonga zaleli payipi zakhiwe ngezingcezu ze-cartilage ezibunjwe njengo-C, zerabha, neziguquguqukayo. Leli gobolondo ligcina i-trachea ivulekile, njengepayipi lamanzi, ngaphandle kokuwa.

Kodwa-ke, kumuntu one-tracheomalacia, ikakhulukazi ingane encane, lawa ma-cartilage awanamandla kakhulu. "Ayagobeka kakhulu". Bese kuthi uma uphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma uphefumula kanzima, uma ukhala, uma ukhwehlela, izindonga zale trachea zigobe ngaphakathi, zivale indlela yokuphefumula. Kufana nebhaluni elingavuvukeli, futhi uma ukhipha umoya omncane, uyafinyela. Yingakho uzwa lowo msindo ongajwayelekile futhi kunzima ukuphefumula. Ngezinye izikhathi amafinyila ayabhajwa emaphashini, futhi kunzima ukuwakhipha.

Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa . Kodwa-ke, singavela kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala. Izingane zivame ukuqala ukuzwa izimpawu lapho zinenyanga eyodwa kuya kwezimbili ubudala. Ngenhlanhla, njengoba izingane eziningi zikhula, cishe zineminyaka emithathu ubudala, le cartilage iba namandla futhi izimpawu ziyancipha. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ezinzima, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa .

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zalesi simo?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-tracheomalacia:

1. I-Congenital Tracheomalacia

"Ukuzalwa kabusha" kusho ukuthi ikhona kusukela ekuzalweni. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-tracheal cartilage yengane ingakhuli kahle ngesikhathi isesesibelethweni sikanina. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane izalwa inale nkinga.

2. I-Tracheomalacia Etholakale

"Ukutholwa" kusho ukuthi lesi simo senzeka ngemva kokuzalwa, ngesizathu esithile kamuva ekuphileni. Lokhu kungenzeka uma indlela yokuphefumula yonakele, ilimele, ihlinzwe ngendlela ethile, noma ixhunywe emshinini wokuphefumula (umoya womshini) isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kodwa akuvamile kakhulu.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuthakathaka emapayipini amancane (i-bronchi) asuka emgudwini womoya aye emaphashini, kanye ne-tracheomalacia. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-tracheobronchomalacia .

Ivame kangakanani i-tracheomalacia?

I-Congenital tracheomalacia yisimo esingavamile. Kodwa-ke, yisona sici esivame kakhulu sokuzalwa se-trachea. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi sithinta cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-2,100 .

I-tracheomalacia etholakale ingavamile kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ingabe nawe ukhathazekile ngalezi?

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-tracheomalacia umsindo ophansi, ophakeme (stridor) lapho uphefumula. Cabanga nje, lapho ingane yakho iqeda ukuphuza ubisi, noma lapho ikhala kakhulu, yenza umsindo ophansi, othi "keen...keen..." lapho iphefumula. Kunjalo.

Kunezinye izimpawu eziningana:

• Ubunzima obandayo bokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, ukukhala, noma ukukhwehlela.
• Ngezinye izikhathi kuzwakala sengathi kuyaminyana .
• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli .
• I-Cyanosis yisimo lapho isikhumba, izindebe, nezinzipho ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esiyingozi ngandlela thile.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya .
• Ukushoshozela .
• Izifo zokuphefumula ezivame ukwenzeka njenge -pneumonia kanye ne-bronchitis .
• Ukuphelelwa umoya .
• Umsindo "wokukhehlezela" noma wokuphefumula ovela esifubeni lapho uphefumula.

Uma ingane yakho inesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sikadokotela.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-tracheomalacia?

Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezizathu:

Izimbangela ze-Congenital Tracheomalacia:

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-cartilage emgudwini womoya womntwana ingakheki kahle njengoba umntwana ekhula esibelethweni. Okusho ukuthi, esikhundleni sokuba aqine, akhula ngendlela ebuthakathaka nekhululekile.

Izimbangela ze-Tracheomalacia Etholakale:

Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zalokhu:

• I-reflux ye-acid engapheli (GERD) iwukuphindeka kwe-acid yesisu ingene emgudwini.
• Ukulimala komoya. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuhlinzwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
• Izifo zamaphaphu ezifana ne -emphysema .
• I-Polychondritis, isimo sokuvuvukala kwe-cartilage ye-trachea.
• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ukuxhumana okungajwayelekile phakathi kwe-esophagus (ipayipi lokudla) kanye ne-windpipe (i-tracheoesophageal fistula).
• Ukuba ne -tracheostomy (ipayipi elifakwa epayipini lomoya ngembobo entanyeni) noma ukuba nepayipi lokuphefumula isikhathi eside.
• Izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu njenge- bronchitis .

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-tracheomalacia ingahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Isibonelo:

• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula .
• I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (lesi yisimo sofuzo esithinta izicubu ezixhumeneyo).
• Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Uma i-tracheomalacia ingelashwa kahle, kungase kube nezinkinga ezithile. Lezi zinkinga zifaka:

• Ukuvaleka komoya . Lokhu kungaba yingozi.
• I-Aspiration pneumonia : Lolu uhlobo lwe-pneumonia oluvela lapho into ethile, njengokudla noma isiphuzo, ihogela emaphashini ngendlela yomoya.
• Ukukhula kuyawohloka ezinganeni.
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile kwendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu okuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola.

Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngaphandle kokuzishaya indiva.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Udokotela uzoqala ngokukuhlolela wena noma ingane yakho bese ebuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungase kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuze kubhekwe ngaphakathi komphimbo wakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-laryngoscopy noma i-bronchoscopy . Lokhu kuhilela ukudlulisa ipayipi elincane, elikhanyayo elinekhamera exhunywe ngomlomo noma ekhaleni lakho ukuze kubhekwe ngaphakathi komphimbo wakho. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi izindonga zomphimbo wakho zibuthakathaka noma ukuthi zigobile yini ngaphakathi uma uphefumula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela kungadingeka enze ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-fluoroscopy yomoya : Lokhu kufana ne-X-ray ehambayo. Ingabona ukuthi imigudu yomoya isebenza kanjani uma uphefumula.
• I-Barium swallow / I-Esophagram : Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola izinkinga ngepayipi lokudla (umqala).
• I-X-ray yesifuba .
• I-CT scan .
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu .
• I-MRI scan .

Lezi zivivinyo yizo ezivumela udokotela ukuthi anqume ngokunembile ukuthi i-tracheomalacia ikhona yini nokuthi inzima kangakanani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha? Ungakhathazeki, zikhona izixazululo!

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha i-tracheomalacia. Ezinye azihlinzwa, ezinye ziyimithi, kanti ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka. Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe noma enganeni yakho kuzoncika ohlotsheni kanye nobunzima besimo.

Ukwelashwa okungekona ukuhlinzwa

Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza ukugcina imigudu yomoya ivulekile futhi ihlanza amafinyila emaphashini.

• Ukuphefumula umoya onomswakama : Ukusebenzisa i -humidifier ekhaya kungangeza umswakama emoyeni, kunciphise amafinyila futhi kwenze kube lula ukuphefumula.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kwesifuba : Udokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba angakufundisa izivivinyo ezikhethekile zokuphefumula kanye namasu angasiza ekususeni amafinyila emaphashini akho.
• Umshini Wokucindezela Komoya Okuqhubekayo (CPAP) : Lo mshini unikezwa abantu abanobunzima bokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala. Unciphisa ukugoba kwangaphakathi komoya ngesikhathi sokulala, okwenza ukuphefumula kube lula.

Imithi

Odokotela basebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi ukwelapha i-tracheomalacia:

• Uma kukhona izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, zelashwa ngama-antibiotic .
• Ama-bronchodilator (njenge-inhaler esetshenziswa abantu abane-asthma) ukuze kuphumule imisipha ekusiza ukuphefumula.
• Ama-corticosteroids anciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Imithi yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu ze-tracheomalacia, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka. Kunezinketho eziningana zalokhu:

• I-Aortopexy : Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa i-aorta, umthambo wegazi omkhulu, ku-trachea bese eyinamathisela ethanjeni lesifuba. Lokhu kuvimbela i-trachea ukuthi igobe ngaphakathi.
• Ukufaka i-stenting : Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ipayipi elincane (i-stent) ngaphakathi kwe-trachea ukuze lihlale livulekile.
• I-Tracheopexy : Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukunamathisela ingxenye ye-trachea esakhiweni esiseduze (njengethambo lesifuba noma i-ligament emgogodleni). Lokhu kugcina i-trachea ivulekile futhi kuyivimbele ukuthi ingawi ngaphakathi.

Ingabe i-Tracheomalacia ingavinjelwa?

Akukho lutho esingakwenza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba ne-tracheomalacia. Ngoba izimo zokuzalwa zingaphezu kwamandla ethu. Izimbangela ezitholakalayo nazo ngezinye izikhathi azibikezeleki. Kodwa-ke, ngosizo lukadokotela wakho, lesi simo singaphathwa kahle.

Ingabe lesi simo sizolapheka? Siyini isimo?

Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.Abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo enempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa kwe-tracheomalacia.

Ukwelashwa akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Iningi lezinsana ezine-tracheomalacia yokuzalwa ziba ngcono zodwa lapho zineminyaka emi-3. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-cartilage ku-trachea yomntwana iba namandla njengoba umntwana ekhula, futhi izimpawu zivame ukuba ngcono. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ingane ingadinga imithi noma ukuhlinzwa.

Abantu abane-tracheomalacia kufanele baqashwe ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi uma bethola izifo zokuphefumula. Ngisho nomkhuhlane omncane ngezinye izikhathi ungabangela izinkinga. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa noma imithi yokusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho inezimpawu ze-tracheomalacia (njengokukhwehlela njalo, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma izifo zokuphefumula ezingapheli), bheka udokotela ngokushesha.

I-Tracheomalacia ingabangela ukungabekezeleli ukuvivinya umzimba kanye nezifo zokuphefumula ezivame ukwenzeka kubantu abadala. Uma unalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho ukuze akwazi ukuxilonga lesi simo futhi ancome ukwelashwa okufanele.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma usuyazi ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-tracheomalacia, nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Sibi kangakanani lesi simo?
• Iyini imbangela yalesi simo? (Ingabe sizalwa naso noma sitholwe ngofuzo?)
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
• Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuzodingeka?
• Yini engingayenza ekhaya ukuze nginciphise izimpawu?
• Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale nini?

Ukubuza le mibuzo kuzokusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono isimo futhi ucacelwe ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Ezinye izimo ezingahlotshaniswa ne-tracheomalacia

Ngezinye izikhathi kungadidaniswa nezinye izimo ezinezimpawu ezifana neze-tracheomalacia. Izimo ezimbili eziyinhloko yilezi:

• I-Laryngomalacia : Lokhu kuwukuba buthaka kwezicubu ezingaphezu kwebhokisi lezwi. Ibhokisi lezwi litholakala ngaphezu komphimbo.
• I-Tracheobronchomalacia : Lesi yisimo lapho kukhona ubuthakathaka ku-bronchi, amapayipi ahola esuka emgudwini womoya eya emaphashini. Abanye abantu abane-tracheomalacia nabo bangaba nalesi simo.

Ngudokotela ongakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile phakathi kwalezi zimo futhi anikeze ukuxilongwa okufanele.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kakhulu uma uthola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-tracheomalacia. Inhliziyo yakho ingase ishaye ngamandla njalo lapho ingane yakho ikhala noma ikhwehlela. Noma kungenzeka ukuthi nawe uke waba nalesi simo ngemva kwengozi.

Kodwa khumbula, i-tracheomalacia ngokuvamile ayisona isimo esibucayi. Ngisho nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isabela kahle ekwelashweni.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uthintana nodokotela wakho. Uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Angakutshela ukuthi isimo siyini nokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungasiza. Ungakhathazeki, ungasinqoba lesi simo ngeseluleko nokwelashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha!

I- Tracheomalacia, i-trachea, ubunzima bokuphefumula, izifo zezingane, i-stridor, i-cyanosis, i-cartilage