Ingabe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi une-tumor encane, i-polyp, e-rectum yakho? Uma uzwa lokho, kufika imibuzo eminingi eyesabekayo engqondweni, njengokuthi "O, kuzomele ngisike isisu sami, kuzomele ngihlale esibhedlela isikhathi esingakanani, kuzobuhlungu kangakanani?" Kodwa ungesabi. Namuhla, ezokwelapha zithuthuke kakhulu. Kukhona indlela ekhethekile engasusa ama-tumor anjalo ngaphandle kokwenza noma yikuphi ukusikwa esiswini, ngokufaka izinto ezincane e-rectum. Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Iyini ngempela i-TEMS?
Kalula nje, i-Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEMS) iwukuhlinzwa lapho kufakwa khona izinto ezincane kakhulu zokuhlinza kanye nekhamera nge-anus yakho, okungukuthi, endaweni lapho kuphuma khona indle, ukuze kususwe izimila, ama-polyps, njll. e-rectum, okuyingxenye ephansi kakhulu yamathumbu amakhulu.
Cabanga nje, esikhathini esidlule, ukuze ususe isimila esinjengalesi esasingaphakathi nje kwe-rectum, kwakuzodingeka usike isisu bese wenza ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kwakuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuphola, kube buhlungu kakhulu, futhi kwakuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku eziningana.
Kodwa ngale ndlela ye-TEMS, udokotela ohlinzayo angangena ngqo endunu, ngaphandle kokwenza noma yikuphi ukusikeka esiswini, afinyelele isimila bese esisusa kahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzizwa ubuhlungu obuncane kakhulu futhi isikhathi sakho sokululama sifushane kakhulu.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-TEMS ne-TAMIS?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-TEMS kanye ne-TAMIS. Zombili izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ezenziwa nge-anus. Kodwa kukhona umehluko omncane. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
| Isici | I-TEMS (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery) | I-TAMIS (Ukuhlinzwa Okuncane Okungena Ngobuningi Kwe-Transanal) |
|---|---|---|
| Idivayisi esetshenzisiwe | Kusetshenziswa ithuluzi eliqondile neliqinile elifana neshubhu (i-rectoscope). | Kusetshenziswa imbobo efana nejeli, eguquguqukayo, neyindilinga. |
| Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo | Ngenxa yokuthi idivayisi iqinile, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukufinyelela isimila. | Izinsimbi ziguquguquka kakhudlwana, okwenza kube lula ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezahlukene ze-rectum. |
| Amathuluzi okuhlinza | Kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuhlinzwa akhethekile amancane ngale njongo. | Izinsimbi ezifanayo ezisetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni kwe-laparoscopic zingasetshenziswa. |
Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe. Kuya ngendawo, usayizi, kanye nezinye izici zesimila.
Ubani ofanelekela lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-TEMS akuwona wonke umuntu, kodwa kungaba inketho enhle kakhulu ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Kulabo abanobunzima bokubekezelela ukuhlinzwa okukhulu okuhilela ukusika isisu ngenxa yezinye izinkinga zempilo (isibonelo, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela).
- Kulabo abasesigabeni sokuqala somdlavuza we-rectal.
- Kubantu abanezimila noma ama-polyp angewona umdlavuza (angewona umdlavuza), ikakhulukazi abantu abasha.
- Kulabo abafuna ukugwema izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu.
Yiziphi izifo eziphathwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-TEMS?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ukuze kususwe izimila ezikhula e-rectum. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izimila ezingembi kakhulu emaqakaleni | Lezi azinawo umdlavuza, kodwa uma zingasuswa, zingadala izinkinga kamuva. |
| Umdlavuza we-rectal | Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuphumelela kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlavuza, uma isimila sincane futhi singakasabalali. |
| Ama-polyp angaphakathi | Izimila ezincane ezikhula ngaphakathi kwekholoni. Kubalulekile ukususa amanye ama-polyp ngoba kamuva angaphenduka umdlavuza. |
| Ukwehla kwe-rectal | Le nqubo ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukulungisa isimo lapho ingxenye ye-rectum iphuma khona nge-anus. |
| Ukuqina kwe-rectum | Ubunzima bokukhipha indle ngenxa yokuncipha kwe-rectum. |
| I-Fistula | Izifo ezincane ezizungeze indunu. |
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ukulungiselela lokhu kufana nokulungiselela i-colonoscopy. Into eyinhloko ukuhlanza ngokuphelele i-colon yakho. Lokhu kuzokwenza udokotela ohlinzayo abone kahle ingaphakathi le-rectum yakho.
Udokotela wakho uzovame ukukunikeza le miyalelo:
- Gwema ukudla ukudla okuqinile ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlinzwa.
- Phuza uketshezi kuphela (isobho elicwengekile, itiye, amanzi) emahoreni ayi-12-24 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngemva kwamabili ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
- Uzonikezwa uketshezi olukhethekile (i-laxative) ukuze uluphuze ukuze uhlanze amathumbu akho. Kuzodingeka uye endlini yangasese njalo ngemva kokuluphuza, ngakho-ke hlela ukuhlala ekhaya phakathi naleso sikhathi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu: Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Akukho okufanele ukwesabe. Ngaphambi kokuba ukuhlinzwa kuqale, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzobe ulele ngokuphelele futhi ngeke uzwe lutho. Nazi ezinye izinto ezizokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa:
1. Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka ithuluzi elikhethekile (i-rectoscope) nge-rectum yakho.
2. Bese kuthi, ukuze ukwazi ukubheka ngaphakathi kwe-rectum, kugcwaliswe umoya omncane kuwo bese uvunguza.
3. Manje, kufakwa ikhamera encane kakhulu kanye nezinsimbi zokuhlinza ngaleyo divayisi, futhi ngenkathi ibukele kusikrini, isimila noma i-polyp iyasuswa, kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile.
4. Indawo lapho kususwe khona isimila ivalwa ngezithungo ezincibilikayo noma izingcezu ezincane zensimbi. Lokhu kube sekumuncwa umzimba noma kukhishwe esitulweni.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Inzuzo enkulu yokuhlinzwa kwe-TEMS ukuthi ingafinyelela ngisho nasezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu ze-rectum ngaphandle kokusikwa kwesisu. Esikhathini esidlule, ukuze ufinyelele ezindaweni ezinjalo, kwakudingeka wenze ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu okunjalo kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi yesikhathi eside njengobunzima bokuchama, ukungasebenzi kahle kocansi, kanye nesidingo sokugqoka isikhwama sendle esihlala njalo (i-colostomy).
Kodwa ngendlela ye-TEMS, ubuhlungu buncane, ukululama kuyashesha, futhi kunezinye izinzuzo eziningi.
- Ukopha kuncane kakhulu.
- Ingozi yezinkinga ezifana nokutheleleka kanye nokuvaleka kwamathumbu iphansi kakhulu.
- Isikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela sifushane (ngokuvamile usuku noma ezimbili).
- Uzolulama maduze futhi ukwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi noma izinkinga?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa kwesisu, izingozi ziphansi kakhulu. Izinkinga ezincane ezingase zenzeke zifaka:
- Ukopha
- Ukuba nokutheleleka
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma umphimbo
- Ubunzima bokuchama (Ukugcinwa komchamo)
- Ukuzizwa unesidingo sokuzikhulula ngokuzumayo (ukulunywa yindle)
Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Lena enye into enhle ngalokhu kuhlinzwa.
- Ungavuka uhambe ngosuku olufanayo nokuhlinzwa kwakho.
- Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile cishe ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili .
Indle yakho ingase ikhululeke kancane amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuyinto evamile. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ubonane nochwepheshe wezokudla noma wezokudla ukuze wenze izinguquko ekudleni kwakho kuze kube yilapho ukusebenza kwamathumbu akho kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.
Izimo lapho kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha
Uma ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa.
| Izimpawu zesixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| 🔴 | Ukopha kakhulu endukwini. |
| 🔴 | Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma ubuhlungu be-rectal. |
| 🔴 | Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda. |
| 🔴 | Ubunzima bokuchama noma ukungaphumi komchamo. |
Ingabe lokhu kuwukuphela kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza we-rectal?
Lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi.
Uma umdlavuza usesigabeni sokuqala kakhulu , okusho ukuthi isimila sincane futhi asikasabalali kwezinye izindawo, akukho ukwelashwa okwengeziwe okungadingeka ngemva kokuba isimila sisusiwe ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa kwe-TEMS.
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa, kungadingeka ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana ne -chemotherapy noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe . Lokhu kungcono kakhulu kunqunywe udokotela wakho okwelaphayo kanye nodokotela wezifo zomdlavuza ndawonye.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uthola ukuthi unesimila. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe banamuhla, kunezindlela zokuhlinzwa ezingenziwa ngaphandle kokusikwa kwesisu, ngobuhlungu obuncane, nangokululama okusheshayo. I-TEMS ingenye yezindlela zokwelapha eziphephile kakhulu nezisebenzayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-TEMS inqubo yokuhlinzwa esezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu esusa izimila ngokudlulisa amathuluzi nge-rectum, ngaphandle kokusika esiswini.
- Le ndlela ayibuhlungu kakhulu, ukuhlala esibhedlela kufushane, futhi ungabuyela empilweni evamile ngokushesha.
- Lena indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokususa izigaba zokuqala zomdlavuza we-rectal kanye nezimila ezingezona umdlavuza.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa, njengomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma ukopha, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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