Ingabe udokotela ukutshelile noma othile omaziyo ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu? Ingabe usebenzise igama elithi 'anastomosis' lapho esho lokho? Lapho uzwa leli gama, cishe wazizwa wesaba kancane, "Kuyini lokhu, ingabe lesi yisifo esisha?" Kodwa empeleni akulona neze into okufanele uyesabe. Kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa evamile kakhulu eyenziwa odokotela abahlinzayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngayo kalula, ngendlela ezosusa noma yimiphi imibuzo nokwesaba ongase ube nakho.
Iyini ngempela i-anastomosis?
Kalula nje, i-anastomosis iwukuxhumana kwemigwaqo emibili. Cabanga ngemifula emibili ihlangana futhi igeleza njengomfula owodwa. Into efana naleyo. Noma ipayipi elihlukile lixhunywe endlini yethu kusuka epayipini eliyinhloko eliletha amanzi emakhaya ethu, akunjalo? Lokho ukuxhumana okunjalo.
Lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu. Isibonelo, imithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu ixhumene futhi isakazeka njengenethiwekhi. Futhi, uma sithatha uhlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla, umphimbo uxhumene nesisu, isisu emathunjini amancane, kanye nomathumbu amancane emathunjini amakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-natural anastomosis.
Kodwa-ke, kwezokwelapha, sisebenzisa kakhulu leli gama ukubhekisela ekuxhumaneni kokuhlinzwa kwezingxenye ezimbili zomzimba. Odokotela abahlinzayo kufanele benze lokhu kuxhumana ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ake sibone ukuthi kungani.
Kungani lolu hlobo lokuxhumana lwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Kungase kube nezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu.
1. Ukususa nokuxhuma kabusha ingxenye eyonakele: Cabanga ukuthi ingxenye yamathumbu akho yonakaliswe umdlavuza, ukutheleleka okukhulu, noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho udokotela ohlinzayo kufanele asike futhi asuse leyo ngxenye eyonakele. Ngemuva kwalokho iziphetho ezimbili zamathumbu asele aphilile kufanele zixhunywe kabusha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ipayipi lokudla lizonqunywa. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-anastomosis.
2. Ukudala indlela entsha yokudlula ekuvinjweni (Bypass): Ngezinye izikhathi umthambo wegazi emzimbeni ungavinjwa ngaphakathi. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu yilapho umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi enhliziyweni uvinjwa yizinsalela ze-cholesterol. Okwenziwa lapha ukudala indlela entsha yokudlula ekuvinjweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuthathwa ucezu lomthambo wegazi ophilile oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba bese luxhunywa ngaphezulu nangaphansi kokuvinjwa ukuze kudalwe indlela entsha (bypass). Lokhu kuxhumana okusha okubili kubizwa ngokuthi i-anastomosis.
Kalula nje, lokhu kufana nokususa ingxenye ephukile yomgwaqo ophukile bese uyakha kabusha, noma ukwakha i-flyover entsha ukuze ugweme ithrafikhi emgwaqweni.
Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlinzwa ezivame kakhulu zokuthola i-anastomosis?
Le nqubo isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokuhlinzwa. Ake sibheke ezinye zezibonelo ezivame kakhulu.
Ukuhlinzwa Kokuhlinzwa Kwamathumbu
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-anastomosis. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ingxenye yamathumbu amancane noma amathumbu amancane idinga ukususwa ngenxa yomdlavuza, izifo ezinzima (njenge-diverticulitis), noma ukulimala. Izingxenye ezisele eziphilile bese zixhunyaniswa kabusha. Isibonelo, i-ileocolonic anastomosis yilapho ingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu amancane (ileum) ixhunyaniswa khona namathumbu amakhulu asele.
Ukuhlinzwa Kokudlula Nge-Bypass
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokudlula Kwemithambo Yenhliziyo: Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, lapho umthambo wegazi enhliziyweni uvalekile, kwakhiwa indlela entsha yokugwema ukuvaleka kusetshenziswa umthambo wegazi ophilile othathwe emlenzeni noma ngaphakathi esifubeni.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokudlula Esiswini: Ukuhlinzwa kokwehlisa isisindo lapho kususwa khona ingxenye encane yesisu bese ixhunywa ngqo engxenyeni engezansi yamathumbu amancane. Lokhu kunciphisa ipayipi lokudla futhi kunciphise ukumuncwa kokudla.
Ukudala ukufinyelela kwe-dialysis yezinso
Iziguli ezinenkinga yezinso zidinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlanzwe igazi lazo. Lokhu kudinga umthambo omkhulu noqinile ukuze kuthathwe igazi njalo bese ulibuyisela emzimbeni. Ukuze enze lokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo uxhuma umthambo nomthambo engalweni ukuze akhe umthambo wegazi oqinile (i-Arteriovenous Fistula) . Lolu futhi uhlobo lwe-anastomosis.
Ukufakelwa Kwezitho Zomzimba
Uma isitho, njengesibindi, izinso, noma inhliziyo, sitshalwa, isitho esisha kumele sixhunywe ezinhlelweni zomzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imithambo yegazi ehlinzeka futhi ibuyele esithweni, kanye neminye imithambo ehlobene nayo (isb., i-bile duct ekufakweni kwesibindi), kumele ixhunywe ezingxenyeni ezifanele zomzimba. Ngayinye yalezi zixhumanisi ibizwa ngokuthi i-anastomosis.
Yiziphi lezi zindlela zokuxhumana?
Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko odokotela abahlinzayo abaxhumanisa ngazo le mithambo yegazi. Uma unala mazwi embikweni wakho, manje uzokwazi ukuqonda.
| Uhlobo lwe-Anastomosis | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni | Lokhu kufana nokuxhumanisa izingcezu ezimbili zepayipi eziphukile ndawonye ngqo. Iziphetho ezivulekile zamapayipi amabili zithungwa ndawonye ukuze kudalwe ipayipi eliqhubekayo. Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa lapho kuhlanganiswa amathumbu. |
| Uhlangothi nohlangothi | Lapha, iziphetho zamapayipi amabili zivaliwe, amapayipi amabili abekwe ngasikhathi sinye, futhi axhunywe ndawonye ngokuwavula nhlangothi zombili. Njengoba nje lapho kudlula imigwaqo emibili, kubekwa umgwaqo oseceleni phakathi kwawo. |
| Uhlangothi nohlangothi | Ingxenyana evulekile yepayipi elilodwa ixhunywe ohlangothini lwepayipi elinye, njengepayipi elisha elixhunywe epayipini elikhulu lamanzi. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni nge-bypass. |
Ziyini izingozi zokuhlinzwa kwe-anastomosis?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile. Kodwa khumbula, odokotela abahlinzayo baqeqeshwe kahle kakhulu ukuphatha lokhu.
Izingozi ezivamile zanoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa:
- Ukopha
- Amahlule egazi
- Ukutheleleka
- Ukulimala kwezitho eziseduze
Izinkinga eziqondene ne-anastomosis:
Lezi yizinto okudingeka siziqaphele ngokukhethekile. Amathuba okuthi lokhu kwenzeke mancane, kodwa kubalulekile ukuzazi.
1. Ukuqina Kwe-Anastomotic:
Kalula nje, kuwukuncishiswa koxhumano. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, izicubu zesibazi zakheka endaweni yokuxhuma njengoba inxeba liphola. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zicubu zesibazi zingakhula zibe zinkulu futhi zinciphise indlela yokungena. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-stenosis . Uma amathumbu exhunyiwe, lokhu kungaphazamisa ukudlula kokudla. Uma i-urethra ixhunyiwe ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwesinye isinyi, kungenza kube nzima ukukhipha umchamo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lesi simo singelapheka ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okunye, ngokufaka idivayisi efana nebhaluni endaweni encishisiwe (ukwanda).
2. Ukuvuza Kwe-Anastomotic:
Lokhu kuvuza endaweni yokuxhuma. Kufana namanzi avuzayo esuka endaweni yokuxhumanisa phakathi kwamapayipi amabili amanzi. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amapayipi amabili axhunyiwe awavaleki kahle, kanti okuqukethwe (isibonelo, ukudla namagciwane emathunjini) kuyavuza. Uma okuqukethwe emathunjini kuvuza kungene esiswini, kungabangela ukutheleleka okukhulu (i-peritonitis).Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, odokotela nabahlengikazi banaka kakhulu izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, kanye nesicanucanu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma kwenzeka lolu hlobo lokuvuza, kuvame ukudingeka olunye ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubika ngokushesha noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ozizwayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa (ubuhlungu obukhulu, umkhuhlane, ukuhlanza) kudokotela wakho noma kubasebenzi basesibhedlela. Uma kutholwa kusenesikhathi, lezi zinkinga zingaphathwa ngempumelelo enkulu.
Ingabe zikhona izikhathi lapho i-anastomosis kungafanele yenziwe khona?
Yebo. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela ohlinzayo unquma ukungawaxhumi amapayipi amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi izicubu zamathumbu aziphilile kahle.
Ake sithi ingxenye yamathumbu isusiwe ngenxa yokutheleleka okukhulu. Khona-ke izingxenye ezisele zamathumbu zingase zivuvuke futhi zibe buthaka. Uma izicubu ezimbili ezinjalo ezibuthakathaka zithungwa ndawonye, kungenzeka ukuthi zivuze kunokuba zelapheke kahle.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela bakha i-ostomy yesikhashana . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingxenye engenhla yamathumbu ilethwa ebusweni besikhumba sesisu, okwenza kube nomgodi wokuphuma kwendle. Kunamathiselwa isikhwama se-ostomy kuso ukuze kuqoqwe indle. Ingxenye engezansi yamathumbu ivaliwe okwesikhashana bese ifakwa ngaphakathi kwesisu.
Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, lapho umzimba usupholile kahle futhi ukutheleleka sekuphelile, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwesibili ukuze kuxhunywe izingxenye ezimbili zamathumbu (i-anastomosis). Bese kuthi imbobo eyenziwe esiswini ivalwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungaba nokuhamba kwamathumbu okuvamile futhi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anastomosis inqubo yokuhlinzwa yokuxhumanisa izingxenye ezimbili zomzimba (njengamathumbu noma imithambo yegazi). Lesi akusona isifo esisha okufanele sesatshwe.
- Lokhu kuxhumana kubalulekile lapho kususwa ingxenye eyonakele noma kwakhiwa umgwaqo omusha ukuze kugwenywe isithiyo.
- Iningi lokuhlinzwa kwe-anastomosis liphumelela kakhulu ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Odokotela abahlinzayo baqeqeshwe kahle kakhulu kulokhu.
- Izinkinga ezifana nokuvuza noma ukuqina endaweni yokuxhumana zingenzeka, kodwa azivamile kakhulu. Uma zitholakala kusenesikhathi, zingelashwa ngempumelelo.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha nganoma yini engavamile oyizwayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa (ubuhlungu obukhulu, umkhuhlane). Yilokho okubaluleke kakhulu ongakwenza.
- Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho ohlinzayo. Uzokuchazela konke.
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