Isifo sikashukela yisifo esivamile okukhulunywa ngaso ngabantu abaningi emphakathini wethu namuhla, futhi abanye bayasesaba kancane. Kumelwe ukuthi uke wezwa lokhu kukhulunywa ngakho kakhulu ekhaya, phakathi kwezihlobo, kanye nabangani. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngohlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo sikashukela, 'isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili'. Uma lokhu kuphathwa kahle, akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, khumbula lokho kuqala.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?
Kulungile, masiqonde lokhu kalula. Ukudla esikudlayo kwenezela ushukela (esikubiza ngokuthi "i-glucose") egazini lethu. Loshukela yiwona onika imizimba yethu amandla. Kodwa sidinga umuntu ozothumela loshukela emaseli emizimba yethu. Lowo msebenzi wenziwa yi-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi "i-insulin", eyenziwa yisitho esibizwa ngokuthi ama-pancreas ethu. Cabanga nge-insulin njengesihluthulelo esivula iminyango yamaseli ethu.
Enye yezinkinga ezimbili yenzeka kusifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
1. Ukumelana ne-insulin: Ngezinye izikhathi amangqamuzana omzimba wethu awasabeli kahle kulolo khiye (i-insulin). Kufana nokuthi imbobo yokhiye emnyango igqwalile. Khona-ke, noma ngabe i-insulin ikhona, iminyango yamangqamuzana ayivuli.
2. Ukuntuleka kwe-insulini: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-pancreas ethu asebenza kanzima ukwenza i-insulini ukuze anqobe lokhu kumelana. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ayakhathala kakhulu futhi awakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulini eyanele.
Ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezimbili, ushukela osegazini awukwazi ukungena emaseli futhi uqongeleleke egazini. Yingakho sibiza amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini ngokuthi `(Hyperglycemia) .` Izinga likashukela egazini lomuntu ophilile livame ukuba phakathi kuka-70-99 mg/dL. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu onesifo sikashukela, leli nani lingaba ngu-126 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo? Bheka ukuthi unazo yini lezi
Enye yezinto eziyingqayizivele ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili ukuthi izimpawu zaso zivame ukubonakala kancane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke abanye abantu bangase bangazi nokuthi banesifo sikashukela iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa kufanele uqaphele lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukoma njalo | Ushukela ophezulu egazini wenza izinso zisebenze kanzima. Lokhu kubangela ukugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni futhi kukwenze uzizwe sengathi ufuna ukuphuza amanzi amaningi. |
| Ukuchama njalo | Udinga ukuchama njalo ngoba uphuza amanzi amaningi futhi izinso zakho zizama ukususa ushukela owengeziwe emzimbeni wakho. |
| Ukuzizwa ulambile kakhulu kunokujwayelekile | Ngenxa yokuthi ushukela awungeni emaseli, umzimba awutholi amandla owadingayo. Ngakho-ke, uhlala uthumela izimpawu ebuchosheni uthi "Ngilambile." |
| Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi | Umzimba uzizwa ungenampilo futhi ukhathele ngoba amangqamuzana awakwazi ukuthola ushukela okhiqiza amandla. |
| Ukupholisa amanxeba okulibaziseka | Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini aphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi futhi alimaze imizwa, okungenza ijubane lokuphulukiswa kwamanxeba lihambe kancane. |
| Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuqaqamba emilenzeni | Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini angalimaza imizwa. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-Neuropathies". |
| Umbono ofiphele | Izinguquko emazingeni kashukela egazini zingathinta ilensi yeso, okubangela ukufiphala kwesikhashana kombono. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu | Uma amangqamuzana engakwazi ukuthola ushukela ukuze athole amandla, umzimba uqala ukuphula imisipha namafutha ukuze athole amandla. |
Kwabesifazane, ukutheleleka kwemvubelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTIs) nakho kungaba uphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Kungani sithola isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili? Yiziphi izinto eziyingozi?
Ayikho imbangela eyodwa yesifo sikashukela. Kuyinhlanganisela yezici eziningi.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi isifo sikashukela akusona isifo esiyiphutha lakho. Siwumphumela wenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yezinto eziphilayo.
Isizathu esiyinhloko "ukumelana ne-insulin" esikhulume ngakho ngaphambilini. Izici eziyinhloko ezikuthintayo yilezi:
- Izakhi zofuzo: Uma umama wakho, ubaba, noma izingane zakini zinesifo sikashukela, usengozini enkulu yokuba naso. Isibonelo, uma omunye wabazali bakho enesifo sikashukela, unethuba elingu-40% lokuba naso. Uma bobabili abazali benaso, lelo nani liyakhuphuka lifinyelele ku-70%. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzosithola. Kusho ukuthi udinga ukuqaphela kakhudlwana.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala: Amafutha angaphakathi, ikakhulukazi amafutha aqongelela esiswini nasezithweni zangaphakathi, ayimbangela enkulu yokumelana ne-insulin.
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Ukumelana ne-insulin kuyanda nalapho umsebenzi womzimba uncipha.
- Ukudla okungenampilo: Ukudla njalo ukudla okucutshungulwe kakhulu, okunama-carbohydrate amaningi, kanye namafutha amaningi agcwele nakho kuyingozi.
- Ubudala: Ingozi iyanda ngemva kweminyaka engu-45.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Abantu abanezimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, kanye ne-polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) nabo basengozini enkulu.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma isifo sikashukela singalawulwa?
Yilapho sonke sidinga ukugxila khona kakhulu. Ngisho noma sazi ukuthi sinesifo sikashukela, uma singalawulwa kahle, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi singalimaza izitho zomzimba ezibaluleke kakhulu.
| Uhlelo lomzimba luthintekile | Izinkinga ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi | Isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme. |
| Amehlo | I-retinopathy, i-cataracts, i-glaucoma, futhi ekugcineni ubumpumputhe. |
| Izinso | Izinso zingalimala futhi ekugcineni zihluleke ukusebenza. |
| Uhlelo lwezinzwa | Ukuba ndikindiki, ukusha, ubuhlungu ezithweni. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nokulimala emilenzeni kungabonakala. |
| Izinyawo | Amanxeba adalwe ngengozi angelashwa, atheleleke, futhi ekugcineni aholele esidingweni sokususa ingxenye yonyawo. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo esiyingozi esingase senzeke ngokuzumayo sibizwa ngokuthi `(Isimo se-Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic - HHS). Kulokhu, izinga likashukela egazini liphezulu kakhulu izinsuku eziningana, umzimba uphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokuphelele, futhi ingqondo iyaphazamiseka. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esiyingozi kakhulu nesisongela impilo. Uma kuvela izimpawu ezinjalo, kufanele uyiswe ngokushesha e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula ukuze akuqinisekise.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Glucose Ye-Plasma Yokuzila Ukudla: Lokhu kwenziwa ekuseni ngemva kokuba ungadlanga noma uphuze lutho cishe amahora angu-8. Uma izinga likashukela egazini lakho lingu-126 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu, kungase kube isifo sikashukela.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Glucose Ye-Plasma Okungahleliwe: Lokhu kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Uma izinga lakho likashukela lingu-200 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu, nakho kuyisibonakaliso sesifo sikashukela.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-A1C: Lokhu kulinganisa amazinga akho ajwayelekile kashukela egazini ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 ezedlule. Uma leli nani lingu-6.5% noma ngaphezulu, kuqinisekisa isifo sikashukela.
Lezi zivivinyo ziyindlela kuphela yokubona ngokuqinisekile ukuthi unesifo sikashukela noma cha.
Ungasiphatha kanjani isifo sikashukela?
Kulungile, manje sesifika engxenyeni ebaluleke kakhulu. Isifo sikashukela yisimo, yize singelapheki, esingalawulwa kahle futhi singaphathwa ukuze siphile impilo enempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga . Kufana nomdlalo weqembu. Wena, udokotela wakho, isazi sokudla okunempilo, nomndeni wakho kudingeka nibambisane ukuze nikwenze lokhu.
Kunezinto ezintathu eziyinhloko:
1. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila (ukudla nokuzivocavoca)
2. Imithi (imithi)
3. Ukuqapha amazinga kashukela ekhaya
1. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Lesi yisisekelo sokwelashwa. Kunzima ukulawula lokhu ngemithi yodwa.
- Ukudla: Ungesabi ukuthi "ukudla okungenamsoco," lokhu akusho ukuthi udla ukudla okungenamsoco, okungenamsoco. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla ukuze udale ukudla okulinganiselayo okufanele wena. Ngokuvamile, kungcono ukufaka imifino engenaso isitashi, ukudla okune-fiber ephezulu, amaprotheni angenamsoco (inhlanzi, inkukhu), kanye namafutha amahle (i-avokhado, amantongomane) ekudleni kwakho.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ngisho nokuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba ngokushesha imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto, kungenza izimangaliso ekulawuleni amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Uma sizivocavoca, amangqamuzana ethu aba nomuzwa we-insulini kakhulu.
2. Imithi (imithi)
Abanye abantu bakuthola kunzima ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini labo ngisho nangemva kokushintsha indlela yabo yokuphila. Yilapho udokotela ebanika khona imithi.
- Imithi Yomlomo: Imithi evame ukunqunywa, njengeMetformin, isebenza ukunciphisa ukumelana ne-insulin emzimbeni futhi ilawule ukukhiqizwa kukashukela yisibindi.
- Imijovo ye-insulin: Ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kwabanye abantu kwehla kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Bese kufanele bathathe i-insulin ngaphandle ngendlela yokujova. Ukuqala i-insulin akusho ukuthi isimo sakho sibucayi. Kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulawula ushukela.
3. Ukuqapha amazinga kashukela ekhaya
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ekhaya usebenzisa i-glucometer, njengoba udokotela wakho encoma. Lokhu kuzokusiza uqonde ukuthi ukudla okudlayo, ukuzivocavoca okwenzayo, kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo kuthinta kanjani amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.
Ingabe isifo sikashukela singalapheka ngokuphelele?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Impendulo emfushane ithi "cha." Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili siyisifo esingamahlalakhona. Lokho kusho ukuthi kuyinto ehlala nathi kukho konke ukuphila kwethu.
Kodwa nakuba ingelapheki, ingalethwa "ekukhululweni," okusho ukuthi azikho izimpawu futhi amazinga kashukela egazini lakho angaphakathi kwemingcele evamile ngaphandle kwemithi. Abanye abantu bangakwenza lokhu, ikakhulukazi ngokunciphisa isisindo kanye nokushintsha okukhulu kwendlela yokuphila. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu. Futhi, uma ubuyela emikhubeni yakho yakudala, amazinga kashukela egazini lakho angakhuphuka futhi.
Ngakho into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukufunda ukuphila nayo, kunokuzama ukuyiphulukisa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili yilapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngendlela efanele. Akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, kuyinto engaphathwa kahle.
- Izimpawu ezifana nokoma njalo, ukuchama njalo, kanye nokukhathala zingase zivele kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke naka umzimba wakho.
- Ukuphatha kuwumzamo weqembu. Wena, udokotela wakho, nomndeni wakho kudingeka nisebenzisane.
- Ukudla okuhle kanye nokuvivinya umzimba njalo kuyisisekelo sokwelashwa. Imithi iwukusekelwa okwengeziwe.
- Ngokubona udokotela wakho ngesikhathi kanye nokuhlolwa kwamehlo, izinso nezinyawo zakho, ungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu.
- Lolu uhambo oluthatha impilo yonke, kodwa ngokuphathwa kahle, akukho okukuvimbela ukuthi uphile impilo egcwele, enempilo nejabulisayo.
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