Ake siqonde umbiko wakho we-cholesterol (iphrofayili ye-Lipid)

Wake wathatha umbiko wakho we-cholesterol ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho, wabheka izinombolo ezikuwo, wabe usucabanga, "Kuyini lokhu?"? Abantu abaningi bayakwenza. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ukuqonda lo mbiko akunzima njengoba ungase ucabange. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokho umbiko wakho we-cholesterol, noma "iphrofayili yamafutha," okushoyo ngempela. Ukwazi lokhu kungasiza kakhulu ekukuvikeleni ezifweni zenhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.

Yini efakiwe embikweni we-cholesterol?

Umbiko wakho wephrofayela ye-Lipid uqukethe imininingwane mayelana nezigaba ezine eziyinhloko. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

• I-Cholesterol Ephelele: Lesi yisamba sazo zonke izinhlobo ze-cholesterol egazini lakho.
• I-LDL (I-Low-Density Lipoprotein): Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi" ngoba yilokho okufakwa emithanjeni yegazi bese kuyivala.
• I-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein): Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi “i-cholesterol enhle” ngoba isusa i-cholesterol embi emithanjeni yegazi bese iyiyisa esibindini.
• Ama-Triglycerides: Lawa akulona uhlobo lwe-cholesterol, kodwa olunye uhlobo lwamafutha atholakala egazini. Agcinwa emzimbeni njengamandla engeziwe avela ekudleni esikudlayo.

Ake sifunde nge-cholesterol 'embi' ye-LDL

Iningi le-cholesterol egazini lethu yi-LDL. Umzimba empeleni udinga inani elincane le-LDL ukwakha amaseli, ukukhiqiza ama-hormone, namavithamini. Kodwa inkinga iqala lapho le-LDL iba ningi kakhulu. Bese inamathela odongeni lwemithambo yegazi, iyivale kancane kancane. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-atherosclerosis" noma "i-atherosclerosis." Lokhu kuyimbangela enkulu yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi. Ngakho-ke uma izinga lakho le-LDL liphansi, kulapho ingozi yakho incipha khona.

Ngokuvamile, uma izinga lakho le-LDL lingu- 190 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu , liphezulu kakhulu. Kuleso simo, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ukuthi uqale ukuthatha umuthi wokwehlisa i-cholesterol obizwa ngokuthi "i-statin" kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila (ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba).

Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe izinga lakho le-LDL lingaphansi kuka-190, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukuqala imithi ngokusekelwe kwezinye izici eziyingozi (njengesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu).

Iyini i-cholesterol 'enhle' ye-HDL?

I-HDL ifana neqhawe emzimbeni wethu. Ibamba i-cholesterol embi ye-LDL esezoqongelela emithanjeni yegazi yethu bese iyibuyisela esibindini. Isibindi bese siyisusa emzimbeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma izinga lakho le-HDL liphezulu, kulapho uvikeleka khona ezifweni zenhliziyo.

Amazinga e-HDL angakhushulwa kancane ngokwenza ukuzivocavoca okuhle kanye nokuthatha izinhlobo ezithile zama-statin.

• I-HDL yendoda kufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-40 mg/dL .
• I-HDL yowesifazane kufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-50 mg/dL .

Amazinga e-HDL aphansi kunalawa mazinga andisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Futhi, amazinga e-HDL aphezulu kakhulu kuno-100 mg/dL awalungile, ngokusho kwezinye izifundo.

Ayini ama-triglyceride?

Ama-triglycerides angama-calories engeziwe esiwathola ekudleni esikudlayo, njengoshukela, uwoyela, nama-carbohydrate, agcinwa emzimbeni njengamafutha. Kalula nje, lawa amandla agcinwe kumaseli amafutha emzimbeni.

Amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride nawo andisa ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo. Ikakhulukazi uma amazinga akho e-triglyceride ephezulu, cishe uzoba namazinga aphansi e-HDL 'enhle' kanye namazinga aphezulu e-LDL 'embi'. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalokhu okuthathu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-triglycerides ephezulu?

• Ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokuzivocavoca
• Ukudla ukudla okuningi kakhulu okunoshukela omningi, ufulawa, namafutha
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile
• Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, kanye nesifo se-thyroid
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Imithi ethile (isib., imithi yomdlavuza webele, i-HIV)
• Izimbangela zofuzo ezivela ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane

Uma amazinga akho e-triglyceride ephezulu, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uvivinye umzimba njalo, ulawule ukudla kwakho, wehlise isisindo, futhi unciphise ukuphuza utshwala . Uma kudingeka, angase akunike nemithi yalokhu.

Uqonda kanjani amazinga akho e-cholesterol?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi la manani kufanele abe yini emazingeni ajwayelekile. La manani alinganiswa ngama-milligram nge-deciliter (mg/dL). Khumbula, uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha (isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo), amazinga akho okuhlosiwe angase ahluke. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.

Uneminyaka emingaki okufanele uyihlole i-cholesterol yakho?

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi kufanele bahlole amazinga abo e-cholesterol uma sebekhulile. Kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso. Ukuhlola amazinga e-cholesterol kufanele kuqale besebancane.

• Izingane: Kunconywa ukuthi zihlolwe okokuqala zineminyaka ephakathi kuka-9 no-11 kanye nesikhathi sesibili zineminyaka ephakathi kuka-17 no-21.
• Abantu abadala: Ngemva kweminyaka engu-20, hlolwa okungenani njalo eminyakeni emi-5 .
• Kubalulekile ukuthi amadoda ahlolwe okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni eyi-1-2 ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45 kanye nakwabesifazane ngemuva kweminyaka engama-55 .
• Wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 kufanele ahlolwe okungenani kanye ngonyaka.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, noma ubhema, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlole i-cholesterol yakho kaningi.