Ingabe unemithambo evuvukele emilenzeni yakho? Ake sixoxe ngesifo semithambo yegazi!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ubona imithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi emilenzeni yakho? Noma ingabe imilenze yakho izizwa isinda, ibuhlungu, noma ibuhlungu? Abanye abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, into eyenzeka ngemva kokuma isikhathi eside noma ngemva kokuzikhandla kancane. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingaba izimpawu zokuqala zenkinga ohlelweni lwemithambo yegazi lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lwemithambo yegazi oluthwala igazi elingcolile. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa, siyini isifo semithambo yegazi, ukuthi sikhula kanjani, nokuthi yini esingayenza ukuze sizivikele kuso.

Siyini isifo semithambo yegazi? Masisiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, i-Venous Disease yinoma yisiphi isimo esithinta imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, uhlobo lwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elingcolile iye enhliziyweni. Uyazi, le mithambo yegazi ifana namapayipi aguquguqukayo, angenalutho. Iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi ethwala igazi emzimbeni wethu wonke.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wemithambo yegazi ukuthwala igazi eliphelelwe umoya-mpilo (asibize ngokuthi "igazi elingcolile") ulibuyisele enhliziyweni ngemva kokuba selisetshenziswe ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Inhliziyo ibe isihlanza leli gazi, yengeze umoya-mpilo, bese ilipompa libuyele emzimbeni wonke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imithambo yegazi ithwala igazi elihlanzekile neligcwele umoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke. Kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yethu ukuthi lezi ezimbili zisebenze kahle.

Manje bheka, kukhona into emangalisayo ngaphakathi kwale mithambo. Ibizwa ngokuthi ama-valve . Lawa afana neminyango emincane. Uma sihamba, lapho sihamba, lapho imisipha yethu ifinyela, lawa ma-valve ayavuleka. Bese igazi ligeleza ohlangothini olulodwa, okungukuthi, liye enhliziyweni, phezulu. Lapho imisipha iphumula futhi, lawa ma-valve ayavaleka. Bese igazi liyayeka ukugeleza phansi ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi. Cabanga ngakho njenge-valve evimba amanzi ukuthi ageleze phansi uma uthela amanzi ethangini lamanzi.

Kodwa-ke, uma ama-valve angaphakathi kwemithambo ewonakele ngandlela thile ngenxa yalesi sifo semithambo yegazi, angase angavaleki kahle. Kwenzekani uma lokho kwenzeka? Cabanga nje, uma lowo mnyango ungavaleki kahle, igazi liqala ukuvuza emuva, noma lingaze ligeleze kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Yilapho izinkinga, okungukuthi, izimpawu ezihlobene nesifo semithambo yegazi, ziqala ukuvela.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo zemithambo yegazi? Masiqaphele!

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezifo zemithambo yegazi. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko:

• Amahlule egazi: Lokhu kungenzeka hhayi emilenzeni nasezingalweni kuphela, kodwa nasemithanjeni yezitho zangaphakathi njengezinso, ubende, amathumbu, nesibindi, emithanjeni yobuchopho (Cerebral Vein Thrombosis), emithanjeni yezinso (Renal Vein Thrombosis), ngisho nasemaphashini (Pulmonary Embolism).
• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Lesi yisimo abantu abaningi abake bezwa ngaso, futhi singase sesabe kancane. Kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni ojulile (ngokuvamile emilenzeni, ngezinye izikhathi ezingalweni) ogeleza ujule emzimbeni.I -DVT eyodwa ayisongeli impilo. Kodwa-ke, uma leli hlule legazi liphuma futhi lihamba egazini bese libhajwa emthanjeni emaphashini, sikubiza ngokuthi i-Pulmonary Embolism (PE), okuyisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela impilo.
• I-Thrombophlebitis Engaphezulu: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni ongaphezulu , eduze kwesikhumba. Lolu hlobo lwehlule legazi ngokuvamile aluhambi luye emaphashini ngaphandle kokuthi luqale luye ohlelweni lwemithambo yegazi ejulile. Kodwa-ke, lungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu.
• Ukuntuleka Kwemithambo Emikhulu Okungapheli: Lesi simo senzeka lapho igazi emithanjeni lingahambi kahle futhi lihlala limile. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo emilenzeni, ukucindezeleka okukhulu emithanjeni, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba (omnyama noma onsundu), kanye namanxeba angapholi, aziwa ngokuthi ama-venous stasis ulcers .
• Imithambo Ye-Varicose Nemithambo Yesicabucabu: Lezi yizimo ezivamile abantu abaningi abazibonayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zibhekwa njengenkinga yobuhle. Yilapho izindonga zemithambo ziba buthakathaka, okubangela ukuba imithambo iphenduke, ivuvuke, futhi ibonakale ngaphezu kobuso besikhumba. Imithambo yesicabucabu mincane, imithambo efana nesicabucabu.
• Izilonda Zemithambo: Lezi amanxeba athatha isikhathi eside ukuphola noma aphinde avele ngemva kokuphola. Avame ukutholakala ngaphansi kwedolo, ngaphakathi komlenze, kanye nangaphezu nje kweqakala.
• I-Arteriovenous Fistula: Lesi yisimo esingavamile lapho umthambo (umthambo wegazi othwala igazi elihlanzekile) kanye nomthambo (umthambo wegazi othwala igazi elingcolile) kuhlangana ngqo ngaphandle kokuthile phakathi.

Zivame kangakanani lezi zifo zemithambo yegazi?

Lezi zifo zivame kakhulu kunalokho ongase ucabange. Isibonelo, ezweni elifana neMelika, kubikwa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-30 banalezi zimo. Abacwaningi bathi leli nani lizokhula esikhathini esizayo. Ngoba njengoba abantu bephila isikhathi eside futhi bekhuluphala, ingozi yokuthola lezi zifo zemithambo yegazi nayo iyanda.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe abantu abadala abangu-33%, noma cishe oyedwa kwabathathu, banemithambo yegazi ephukile . Futhi, cishe abantu abadala abangu-1% baba nezilonda emilenzeni .

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo semithambo yegazi? Qaphela lokhu!

Uma unezifo zemithambo yegazi, ungase ube nezimpawu ezinjengalezi emilenzeni noma ezingalweni zakho:

• Ubuhlungu, ukuqaqamba, noma ukungakhululeki emilenzeni.
• Ukubomvu kwesikhumba noma umuzwa wokufudumala endaweni.
• Ukuzwa isisindo emilenzeni noma ezingalweni.
• Ukuzwa ukulunywa noma ukusha esikhumbeni.
• Ukuvuvukala.
• Imithambo evuvukele.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kunokuzishaya indiva.

Kungani lezi zifo zemithambo yegazi zenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Kunezimbangela eziningana zesifo semithambo yegazi:

• Ukuba nephutha ekwakhekeni kwemithambo yegazi ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
• Ingozi ethile noma ukulimala emithanjeni.
• Imiphumela ebangelwa ezinye izifo zemithambo yegazi.
• Ubuthakathaka bezindonga zemithambo yegazi ngenxa yezici ezifana nokukhulelwa, ukuguga, ama-cyst noma amathumba.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lezi zifo zemithambo yegazi?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo semithambo yegazi kunabanye. Ake sibheke ukuthi bangobani:

• Uma kukhona emndenini onesifo semithambo yegazi (umlando womndeni).
• Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (izinguquko zamahomoni kanye nokucindezeleka emithanjeni okubangelwa ingane ekhulayo)
• Uma i-BMI yakho (Body Mass Index) ingaphezu kuka-30. (Lokho kusho ukuthi ukhuluphele kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nobude bakho)
• Kwabesifazane. (ngenxa yemiphumela yamahomoni)
• Abantu abachitha isikhathi esiningi besesimweni esifanayo, ikakhulukazi bemi noma behleli. (isib. othisha, izisebenzi zasesitolo, abantu abasebenza emahhovisi behleli isikhathi eside)
• Kulabo abathatha amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo noma ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone.
• Kulabo abasebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi (ababhemayo).

Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yesifo semithambo yegazi?

Uma isifo semithambo yegazi singelashwa kahle, singaholela kwezinye izinkinga zempilo. Cabanga nje, inkinga eyodwa iholela ezinkingeni eziningi kakhulu.

• Amahlule egazi emithanjeni engaphezulu kwesikhumba (i-superficial thrombophlebitis) angaholela ekushayweni kwegazi okujulile (i-DVT) .
• I-DVT ingaholela ekungaphelelini kwemithambo yegazi okungapheli (i-CVI) noma i-pulmonary embolism (i-PE) .
• I-pulmonary embolism ingabangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini .
• Imithambo ye-Varicose ingabangela i-thrombophlebitis engaphezulu noma izilonda zemithambo yegazi .
• Uma izilonda zemithambo yegazi zingapholi kahle, zingatheleleka futhi zibangele izifo eziyingozi njenge -gangrene .

Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu zesifo semithambo yegazi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukungazinaki, kodwa ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha nokufuna ukwelashwa okufanele.

Uthola kanjani ukuthi unesifo semithambo yegazi?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu zesifo semithambo yegazi, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela. Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nalezi zimo (umlando wezokwelapha womndeni). Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uma kudingeka, bangase batuse ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Ukuhlolwa okunjengalokhu kungaba usizo ekuxilongeni isifo semithambo yegazi:

• Inkomba ye-Ankle-brachial (ABI): Lokhu kulinganisa ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni.
• I-Ultrasound: Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola oluvame kakhulu nolungenabuhlungu. Lungabheka izinto ezifana nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ukuthi kukhona yini amahlule egazi, nokuthi ama-valve asebenza kahle yini.
• I-ultrasound yemithambo yegazi (IVUS): Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ikhamera encane emthanjeni ukuze uyihlole.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT): Lokhu kungathatha nezithombe ezinemininingwane zangaphakathi lomzimba.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging - i-MRI): Lokhu okunye ukuhlolwa okunikeza izithombe ezicacile zangaphakathi lomzimba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Angiogram: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile emithanjeni bese kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi.

Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele azenze ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izifo zemithambo yegazi?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo semithambo yegazi kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwesifo, ubukhali baso, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Ngokuyinhloko kunezinhlobo zokwelapha ezinjalo:

• Imithi: Imithi inganikezwa ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi, ukuncibilikisa ukujiya kwegazi okukhona, nokunciphisa ubuhlungu.
• Amasokisi noma amabhandeshi okucindezela: Lawa amasokisi noma amabhandeshi akhethekile agqokwa emilenzeni. Afaka ingcindezi emithanjeni, esiza igazi ukuthi ligeleze liye phezulu futhi linciphise ukuvuvukala.
• Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinto ezifana nokudla ukudla okunamafutha amancane, ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke, nokuyeka ukubhema.
• Izinqubo noma ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile: Kwezinye izimo, izinqubo noma ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile emithanjeni kungadingeka.

Imithi ethile kanye nokwelashwa

Imithi kanye nokwelashwa okunikezwayo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• Ama-Anticoagulant: Lawa abizwa nangokuthi ama-blood thinner.
• I-Thrombolytics: Lezi zinikezwa ezimweni zokuqhekeka kwegazi okukhulu, ezimweni eziphuthumayo.
• Ukususwa kwemithambo ye-varicose emithanjeni ethintekile:Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-laser, i-sclerotherapy, noma i-radiofrequency ukuze kuvinjwe ingxenye eyonakele yomthambo ngaphakathi.
• Ukususwa kwehlule legazi ngokuhlinzwa (Thrombectomy): Amanye amahlule egazi amakhulu asuswa ngale ndlela.
• Isihlungi se-Vena Cava: Idivayisi encane efana nesihlungi efakwa emthanjeni omkhulu ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi ukuthi kungahambi liye emaphashini, kubantu abane-DVT kodwa abangakwazi ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwemithambo: Ukuhlinzwa kokususa noma ukulungisa imithambo eyonakele.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa okukulungele. Cacisa izinzuzo, ububi kanye nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngakunye.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Yebo, njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, ukwelashwa ngemithambo yegazi kungaba nemiphumela emibi. Kuya ngohlobo lokwelashwa olutholayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu futhi kuye ngohlobo lokwelashwa. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zinganikeza impumuzo esheshayo. Isimo esifana ne -thrombophlebitis engaphezulu singaphela emavikini ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo zemithambo yegazi zingathatha isikhathi eside ukuxazulula. Abanye abantu bangase babe nesifo semithambo yegazi esingamahlalakhona , okusho ukuthi kufanele baphile nalesi simo isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukunikeza iseluleko ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yesifo semithambo yegazi? Ukuvimbela kungcono kakhulu!

Ukulondoloza impilo yemithambo yethu kanye nohlelo lonke lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi (uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi) kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthola isifo semithambo yegazi. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza ukuze wenze lokhu:

• Uma unezifo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, zilawule kahle.
• Vivinya umzimba okungenani imizuzu engama-30-60 ngosuku, izinsuku eziningi zesonto. Izinto ezifana nokuhamba, ukugibela ibhayisikili nokubhukuda zinhle.
• Uma ungumuntu ohlala noma oma isikhathi eside, hambahamba okungenani kanye ngehora. Kunjalo nalapho uhamba.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo ngobude bakho.
• Yidla ukudla okunosawoti omncane namafutha agcwele.
• Phatha kahle ukucindezeleka.

Kwenzekani uma unesifo semithambo yegazi? Ungakhathazeki, singalawulwa!

Uma ingelashwa, isifo semithambo yegazi singaba sibi kancane kancane futhi sithinte ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kungasiza ekulawuleni lesi simo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho.Ezinye izifo zemithambo yegazi, isibonelo imithambo yegazi ephukile kanye nemithambo yesicabucabu , zingaphinde zivele ngemva kokwelashwa. Izilonda zemithambo yegazi nazo zingaphinde zivele.

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa njengoba kunqunywe udokotela nokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela. Kungase kudingeke uphinde ukuhlolwa okufana ne -ultrasound ukuze ubone ukuthi izinto zihamba kanjani.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani? Kunezinto nawe ongazinakekela!

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhleli noma umile, uma kungenzeka , hambahamba futhi unyakazise imilenze yakho okungenani kanye ngehora. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugeleza kwegazi lakho. Ukuzigcina kude nemikhiqizo kagwayi nakho kuwusizo olukhulu empilweni yemithambo yegazi yakho. Uma udinga usizo lokuyeka lo mkhuba, buza udokotela wakho ngakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Gcina wonke ama-aphoyintimenti udokotela wakho akunike wona. Futhi, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezimpawini zakho ezivamile, noma uma zibonakala ziba zimbi kakhulu, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ? Qaphela kakhulu ngalokhu!

Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi/imithi yokunciphisa igazi futhi wopha kakhulu , funa ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Futhi, uma uzwa izimpawu zokuqhekeka kwegazi emaphashini (Pulmonary Embolism - PE) , shayela u-911 noma inombolo yakho yesimo esiphuthumayo yasendaweni ngokushesha. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Ukuphelelwa umoya ngokuzumayo.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
• Ukukhwehlela, ngezinye izikhathi igazi.
• Isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, bheka njengesimo esiphuthumayo bese uya esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale ukuze uthole ukuqonda okucacile ngesimo sakho:

• Isifo sami semithambo yegazi sibi kangakanani?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngiphathe lesi simo ekhaya?
• Ingabe ngidinga imithi? Noma ingabe ngidinga uhlobo oluthile lokwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa engingakukuthola emtholampilo wakho?

Ekugcineni, khumbula...

Isifo semithambo yegazi yisimo esithinta abantu abaningi, ngakho awuwedwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho bese uzama ukusiphatha ngosizo lwabo. Uma wazi okwengeziwe ngesimo sakho, kulapho uzokwazi khona ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi uzinakekele kangcono. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo, thola ulwazi. Ngikufisela impilo enhle!

Isifo Semithambo , Amahlule Egazi, i-DVT, Imithambo Ye-Varicose, Imithambo, Ukuvuvukala Kwemilenze, Ukujikeleza Kwegazi