Ingabe kukhona inkinga enkulu ngesigqi senhliziyo? Ake sixoxe nge-Ventricular Arrhythmia.

Wake wazizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu noma yeqa ukushaya? Abantu abaningi baye babhekana nalokhu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lokhu akuvamile futhi kungaba uphawu lwenkinga enkulu ngesigqi senhliziyo yakho. Isibonelo, sibiza ama-arrhythmia e-ventricular ngokuthi izinguquko zesigqi ezenzeka emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo. Nakuba ezinye zalezi zingenangozi, ezinye izinhlobo zingaba yingozi empilweni.

Lokhu kuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwenhliziyo?

Kalula nje, inhliziyo yakho ifana nephampu enamandla enamakamelo amane. Amakamelo amabili amancane phezulu abizwa ngokuthi i-atria, kanti amakamelo amabili amakhulu, anamandla phansi abizwa ngokuthi ama-ventricle.

I-ventricle yangakwesokudla ipompa igazi emaphashini ukuze ithole umoya-mpilo. Bese igazi elinomoya-mpilo libuyela enhliziyweni, lapho lipompelwa khona emzimbeni wonke nge-ventricle yangakwesokunxele. Ngakho ungabona ukuthi ama-ventricle amabili angezansi anesibopho sokupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke .

Ngakho-ke uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi esijwayelekile sala maseli, kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

• Ukushaqeka kwenhliziyo: Lesi yisimo lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele, okubangela ukuthi izitho zomzimba zizwe zintula umoya-mpilo eziwudingayo.
• Ukuma kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inhliziyo iyeka ukushaya ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kwesixwayiso .

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Ventricular Arrhythmia?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zalesi simo. Ake sixoxe ngazo ngayinye ngayinye.

1. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okwengeziwe (Ukuncishiswa Kwangaphambi Kwe-ventricular - ama-PVC)

Lokhu yilokho okuzwakala sengathi "ukushaya okwengeziwe" enhliziyweni. Ngokuvamile akunangozi . Iningi labantu libhekana nento efana nale ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo. Kodwa-ke, uma usuvele unesimo esishintsha isimo senhliziyo yakho, noma uma unalezi zishaya ezengeziwe (ama-PVC) njalo noma isikhathi eside, kuyimbangela yokukhathazeka.

2. I-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)

Yilapho amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo, noma i-atria, eqala ukushaya ngesivinini esingenakucatshangwa. Lokhu kubangelwa ukukhubazeka ohlelweni lukagesi lwenhliziyo. Kwezinye izimo, lesi simo se-'Ventricular Tachycardia' (VT) singaba sibi kakhulu futhi siphenduke isimo esiyingozi se-'Ventricular Fibrillation', esizoxoxa ngaso ngokulandelayo.

Odokotela bahlukanisa lolu hlobo lwe-VT ngezinhlobo eziningana:

• Isikhathi esifushane noma eside? (Esiqhubekayo vs. esingazinzile):Uma lokhu kushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kuqhubeka imizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-30, kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Sustained VT'. Ngisho noma kuma imizuzwana engaphansi kwengu-30, uma kubangela isimo esifana 'ne-Cardiogenic shock', kuwela nalesi sigaba.
• Iphethini ye-ECG: Odokotela bangabheka umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho ngokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-`Electrocardiography (ECG noma i-EKG).` Kulokhu kuhlolwa, izinzwa eziningana zinamathiselwe esifubeni sakho futhi iphethini yamaza kagesi avela enhliziyweni yakho iyaqoshwa. Enhliziyweni enempilo, le phethini yamaza ibizwa ngokuthi i-`Sinus rhythm`. Esimweni esifana ne-VT, le phethini iyashintsha. Odokotela bangafunda le phethini eshintshile ukuze bathole ukuthi inkinga iyini ngempela.

3. I-Fibrillation ye-Ventricular (i-V-fib)

Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kulezi futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo . Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi esikhundleni sokumpompa kahle, amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo ayathuthumela futhi anyakaze. Ngenxa yokuthi awanciphi kahle futhi ampompe igazi, ukugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni kuyayeka cishe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe', lapho inhliziyo ima khona ngokuzumayo. Ngenxa yokuthi igazi aligelezi ebuchosheni, ulahlekelwa ukwazi ngemizuzwana embalwa bese uyawa. Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kungabuyiselwa ngemizuzu embalwa, lokhu kuyabulala.

Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi simo?

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo. Ezinye, njenge-PVC, zingase zingabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Ake sibheke kabanzi izimpawu ezivamile zezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.

Yini engabangela lokhu?

Kungaba nezizathu ezahlukahlukene zokuthi lezi zimo zenzeke.

Izimbangela ze-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)

• Ukuqina noma ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-Cardiomyopathy)
• Isifo senhliziyo (ikakhulukazi izifo ezishintsha isimo senhliziyo)
• Izimo zenhliziyo ezizalwa nazo
• Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte emzimbeni
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Izimo zokuvuvukala kwenhliziyo
• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo
• Izifo ze-valve yenhliziyo
• Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo emzimbeni
• Eminye imithi

Izimbangela ze-Ventricular Fibrillation (V-fib)

• Ukushaywa ngamandla esifubeni (isb., ukushaywa yibhola eligijima ngesivinini esikhulu)
• Ukuqina noma ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-Cardiomyopathy)
• Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso
• Ugesi
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo
• Eminye imithi
• I-Ventricular Tachycardia Engalawulwa

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi simo?

I-Ventricular Arrhythmia ivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo esivele sikhona. Ngakho-ke, ingozi iyanda ngokwemvelo njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abanezifo ezishintsha isakhiwo noma ukuma kwenhliziyo.

Ezinye izinhlobo ezingenangozi zingavela kubantu banoma yimuphi ubudala. Kodwa izinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu, njenge-'Sustained VT', zivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo esiyisisekelo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, zingavela kubantu abangenazo izimpawu futhi abangazi ukuthi banesifo senhliziyo.

Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala ngokukubuza imibuzo, akubuze ngezimpawu zakho, bese ethatha umlando wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokuhlola. Lokho kusho ukulalela inhliziyo yakho nokuthatha umfutho wegazi lakho.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko okusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga lesi simo yi -ECG (i-Electrocardiography) . Sesikhulume ngalokhu ngaphambili. Kulokhu, umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo uqoshwa njengephethini yamagagasi, bese udokotela ewuhlaziya ukuze abone ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezikhona.

Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi sigqi esingajwayelekile asihlali sikhona. Ezimweni ezinjalo, singase singabonwa yi-ECG evamile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho angakunika idivayisi ongayigqoka usuku olulodwa noma ngaphezulu.

• Izikrini ze-Holter:Lena idivayisi evame ukuba cishe ngobukhulu beselula. Inezintambo ezixhunywe ezinzwa ozigqoka esifubeni sakho. Iqopha njalo isigqi senhliziyo yakho amahora angama-24 noma angama-48.
• Ama-Ambulatory monitor: Lawa afana ne-Holter monitor, kodwa angagqokwa isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-30. Ezinye izinhlobo ziza nenkinobho oyicindezelayo uma uzwa uphawu. Ezinye ziyazenzakalela, ziqopha isigqi esingajwayelekile ngokushesha nje lapho sitholakala.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukuthi lesi simo singalapheka ngokuphelele yini kuncike esibangweni. Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela ingelapheka futhi yelapheke. Kodwa-ke, uma sibangelwa isifo esingamahlalakhona, njengesimo sokuzalwa, ngokuvamile kunzima ukuselapha. Kuleso simo, umgomo wokwelashwa ukuphatha lesi sifo nokunciphisa umthelela waso empilweni yakho.

Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo

• I-CPR (Ukuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo Nemithambo Yenhliziyo): Uma inhliziyo yomuntu ima futhi kungekho ukushaya kwenhliziyo, i-CPR kufanele iqalwe ngokushesha. Lokhu kusho ukugcina ukujikeleza kwegazi ngokucindezela isifuba. Akuyona into enhle ukuyeka i-CPR kuze kufike i-ambulensi noma umshini we-'AED' ulethwe futhi usetshenziswe.
• I-Automated External Defibrillator (AED): Lena idivayisi ehlaziya isigqi senhliziyo yomuntu, futhi uma kudingeka, inikeze ukushaqeka ngogesi (`shock`) ukuze kubuyiselwe isigqi senhliziyo. Zombili izigqi ze-`VT` kanye ne-`V-fib` zingalungiswa ngokushaqeka ngogesi ngale ndlela.
• Imithi: Kunemithi ekhethekile enikezwa ukulawula isigqi senhliziyo.

Ukwelashwa okungeyona into ephuthumayo

• Ukukhipha: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ipayipi elincane, njenge-cannula, enhliziyweni nokusebenzisa ukushisa okukhulu noma ukubanda okukhulu ukuvimba ingxenye encane kakhulu yenhliziyo ebangela izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile. Lokhu kuvimbela isigqi esingavamile ukuba singenzeki.
• I-Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Lena idivayisi encane efakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba. Ingaletha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushaqeka kukagesi ukubuyisela isigqi senhliziyo esivamile lapho ithola ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile okuyingozi.
• Imithi: Kunemithi enganikezwa ukulawula isigqi isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, le mithi ayisebenzi ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi kungase kube nemiphumela emibi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuze ukhethe ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa? Yini ongayenza?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyenze ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe futhi uye emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.

Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokwelashwa siyahlukahluka kuye ngokwelashwa. Uma une-ablation noma i-ICD, uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngemithi, uzobona umehluko emavikini ambalwa. Inkambo yesikhathi esizayo yalesi simo iyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo sakho. Udokotela okwelaphayo angakuchazela kangcono lokhu.

Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?

Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinhlobo ze-arrhythmia zivame ukwenzeka ngokungalindelekile, akulula ukuzivimbela, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo senhliziyo ozalwa naso.

Kodwa-ke, singayinciphisa ngokungaqondile ingozi yethu yokuthola lesi simo ngokunciphisa ingozi yezinye izifo (njengesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme) ezingaholela kulesi simo. Ukwenza lokhu:

• Yeka ukubhema (kufaka phakathi ugwayi, ukubhema i-vaping) ngokuphelele.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunconywe udokotela wakho.
• Hlala umatasa ngokomzimba ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo .
• Lawula ukuphuza kwakho utshwala .

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela? Kufanele ngiye nini e-ETU?

Uma ubona ushintsho ezimpawini zakho, noma uma ziqala ukuphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke, bona udokotela wakho. Futhi, noma ungenazo izimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe ngokomzimba ukuze kutholakale izifo kusenesikhathi.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ezimbi kakhulu, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba (i-Angina)
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi okungachazeki noma umuzwa ovamile wokuquleka (isiyezi)

I-Ventricular Arrhythmia ingahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, ngakho-ke indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqonda nokuphatha impilo yakho ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma usola ukuthi unalezi zimpawu.