Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ibuthakathaka kangangokuthi ayikwazi ukupompa igazi kahle? Noma ingabe othile emndenini wakho unalesi simo? Namuhla sikhuluma ngedivayisi ekhethekile esetshenziselwa ukusiza inhliziyo ezimweni zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okuthuthukile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Ventricular Assist Device, noma i-VAD ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini le VAD?
Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengomshini omncane opompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ngezinye izikhathi lo mshini uba buthakathaka. Ngemuva kwalokho awukwazi ukusebenza kahle. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-VAD iyithuluzi elisebenza ngomshini elisiza inhliziyo ukupompa igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Kufana nokufaka omunye umshini omncane ukusiza umatshini obuthakathaka.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-VAD. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lwe-VAD | Wenzani? |
|---|---|
| Idivayisi Yokusiza Nge-Ventricular Yesobunxele (LVAD) | Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Lusebenza ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo (i-ventricle yesobunxele). Lusiza ekupompeni igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke. |
| Idivayisi Yokusiza Nge-Ventricular Yangakwesokudla (i-RVAD) | Lokhu kusiza uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo. Kusiza ekuhlanzeni igazi elingcolile lomzimba (igazi elinomoya-mpilo ophansi) ngokulithumela emaphashini. |
| Idivayisi Yokusiza Ye-Biventricular | Lokhu kusiza izinhlangothi zombili zenhliziyo. Okusho ukuthi, izinhlangothi zombili zesobunxele nesokudla. |
| Ama-VAD ezingane | Lawa ama-VAD amancane aklanyelwe ngqo izingane ezincane. Angasetshenziswa kusukela kosana olusanda kuzalwa kuya koluncane. |
Kungani ngidinga i-VAD?
Uma unesifo senhliziyo esithuthukile futhi inhliziyo yakho ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni wakho ngokwayo, ungase udinge i-VAD. Inezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa.
- Ibhuloho lokufakelwa: Abanye abantu bayakufanelekela ukufakelwa inhliziyo. Kodwa kufanele balinde isikhashana ukuze inhliziyo efanayo itholakale. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, le VAD isetshenziselwa ukusiza inhliziyo yakho ebuthakathaka. Kufana nebhuloho .
- Ibhuloho lokululama: Ngezinye izikhathi inhliziyo ingaba buthakathaka okwesikhashana. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, inhliziyo ingagcina ilulame. Kuze kube yilapho leyo nhliziyo ilulama, le VAD ingasetshenziswa ukusiza.
- Ukwelashwa lapho uya khona: Ezinye iziguli zingase zingakwazi ukufakelwa inhliziyo ngenxa yokuguga noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Kulezi ziguli, le VAD ingasetshenziswa njengedivayisi yokusekela inhliziyo impilo yonke. Lokhu kubavumela ukuba baphile isikhathi eside benempilo engcono.
Lo mshini we-VAD usebenza kanjani?
Le divayisi inezingxenye eziningana. Ezinye zixhunywe enhliziyweni ngokuhlinzwa futhi zingaphakathi komzimba. Ezinye izingxenye zingaphandle komzimba.
| Ingxenye yedivayisi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-cannula engenayo | Leli yipayipi elincane elixhumanisa igumbi lenhliziyo. Igazi elisenhliziyweni lingena ephampini yomshini ngaleli payipi. |
| Iphampu yemishini | Lena yingxenye eyinhloko ye-VAD. Le phampu yenza umsebenzi wokupompa inhliziyo yakho. |
| I-cannula yokuphuma | Lona futhi ipayipi. Lithwala igazi lisuka empompini yomshini liye emthanjeni wegazi oyinhloko womzimba (i-aorta) noma liye emthanjeni wegazi oya emaphashini (umthambo wamaphaphu). |
| Umzila wokushayela | Lena intambo eqinile ephuma ku-VAD ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho kanye nasesikhumbeni sakho. Yilapho i-VAD ixhunywe khona kusilawuli esingaphandle. |
| Isilawuli | Lokhu kufana nekhompyutha encane. Ilawula ukusebenza kwe-VAD. Wena nodokotela wakho ningayibona ukuze nibone ukuthi i-VAD isebenza kahle yini. |
| Iphakethe lebhethri langaphandle | Leli yiphakethe lebhethri elihlinzeka ngamandla adingekayo kwi-VAD. Kukhona ibhethri eliyinhloko kanye nebhethri elisekelayo. I-VAD ixhunywe kula mabhethri ngesilawuli. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Akuwona wonke umuntu onesifo senhliziyo esinzima ongaba ne-VAD. Ukuze unqume ukuthi ungumuntu ofanele yini, uzohlolwa ngokucophelela ngokwezokwelapha nangokwengqondo. Lokhu kuzohlanganisa ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwenhliziyo yakho nezinye izitho ezibalulekile (njengezinso nesibindi sakho). Bazohlola nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ezinye zezivivinyo ezingase zenziwe zifaka:
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- I-Echocardiogram (i-Echo)
- I-computed tomography (CT) scan
- Ukuhlolwa kokuzilolonga
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-catheter yenhliziyo (ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngokufaka i-catheter enhliziyweni)
Futhi, wena nomndeni wakho nizokwaziswa kahle ngokuphila ne-VAD nokuthi ningayinakekela kanjani nsuku zonke. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubandakanya umuntu ongakusekela, kungaba yilungu lomndeni noma umuntu oseduze nawe, kule nqubo.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kalula nje, okwenzekayo phakathi nakho okulandelayo:
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uzolaliswa ngokuphelele (i-anesthesia ejwayelekile). Ngakho ngeke uzizwe lutho futhi ngeke ube nenkumbulo yokuhlinzwa.
2. Usizo lokuphefumula: Ngemva kokuhlinzwa , kanye nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU), umshini wokuphefumula uzokuphefumula.
3. Ukuhlinzwa:Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza i-incision phakathi kwesifuba sakho bese eya lapho inhliziyo yakho ikhona.
4. Umshini wokudlula inhliziyo namaphaphu: Okulandelayo, uzoxhunywa emshinini okhethekile. Ubizwa ngokuthi `uMshini Wokudlula Inhliziyo`. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu wenziwa okwesikhashana yilo mshini. Uzonikezwa nomuthi obizwa ngokuthi `uHeparin` ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
5. Ukufakelwa kwe-VAD: Udokotela ohlinzayo ube esenamathisela idivayisi ye-VAD ezindaweni ezifanele enhliziyweni. Umugqa wokudonsa ube usususwa ngesikhumba sesisu.
6. Ukuvula umshini: Uma i-VAD isixhunyiwe, iyavulwa bese ukhishwa emshinini okhethekile.
7. Ukuqedwa kokuhlinzwa: Uma i-VAD isisebenza kahle, umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-`Protamine` unikezwa ukusiza igazi ukuthi lijiye ngendlela evamile futhi, ithambo lesifuba liphinde lixhunywe ngezintambo, bese inxeba lesikhumba liyathungwa.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-VAD?
Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzwa lezi zinto ngenkathi bephila ne-VAD:
- Ubulula bokuphefumula: Ukukhathala kanye nokuphelelwa umoya kuncishiswa kakhulu.
- Ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba okuthuthukisiwe: Ezinye izitho zomzimba zithola ukugeleza kwegazi okungcono, ngakho ukusebenza kwazo kuyathuthuka.
- Ukuvuselelwa: Ukukhathala okukhulu okwakukhona ngaphambili sekuphelile, futhi umzimba uzizwa unamandla amahle.
Kalula nje, i-VAD ingathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.
Yiziphi izingozi ezihlobene nalokhu?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kunezingozi ezihilelekile, futhi ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwale divayisi impilo yonke, kungase kube nezinkinga ezithile.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmias)
- Ukopha
- Amahlule egazi
- Ukutheleleka
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesokudla
- Ingozi ye-cerebrovascular ( stroke )
Ungesabi lezi zingozi. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lihlala liqaphile ukuze lizivimbele futhi lizilawule uma zenzeka.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele uma uhlala ne-VAD
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngemuva kwalokho uzodluliselwa egunjini elivamile. Ngesikhathi uhlala esibhedlela, uzoqeqeshwa ukuphila ngale mishini.
Uma ubuyela ekhaya, nakekela lezi zinto:
- Thatha umuthi ngqo:Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi efana ne-Warfarin, enikezwa ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi, ngesikhathi esifanele. Kufanele futhi usebenzise eminye imithi yokucindezela kwegazi okuphezulu kanye nokulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngqo.
- Ukunakekelwa Kwedivayisi: Uzofundiswa ukuthi ungayigcina kanjani idivayisi, ibhethri, kanye nomugqa wokushayela kuhlanzekile. Landela le miyalelo ngokucophelela.
- Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila:
- Idivayisi akufanele icwiliswe emanzini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukugeza noma ukubhukuda ngayo. Kodwa-ke, sizokukhombisa ukuthi ungageza kanjani idivayisi imbozwe ngokucophelela.
- Imidlalo yokuthintana kufanele igwenywe ngoba, uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, ngisho nokulimala okuncane kungabangela ukopha okukhulu.
- Udinga njalo ukuxhunywa kumabhethri noma ipulaki lodonga.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo: Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele. Yidla ukudla okunempilo. Zivocavoce ngendlela efanele njengoba utshelwa udokotela wakho.
Uzobona nini udokotela
Ukuphila ne-VAD kusho ukuthi kuzodingeka uye kohlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha. Nakuba kungase kudingeke uye kaningi ekuqaleni, imvamisa izoncipha njengoba isimo sakho sithuthuka.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
| Izimpawu emzimbeni | Izinkinga zemishini |
|---|---|
| - Ubuhlungu besifuba - Ukopha - Umchamo omnyama - Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda - Ubuhlungu bamalunga - Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nobuhlungu lapho kuvela khona ukusikwa noma umugqa wokudonsa - Ukukhuluphala okungazelelwe noma ukuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo | - Uma isilawuli, umugqa wokushayela, noma ibhethri libonakala lonakele - Uma isilawuli sibonisa imiyalezo yamaphutha - Uma i-alamu ikhala futhi ungazi ukuthi ungayimisa kanjani |
Cabanga nangempilo yengqondo
Kuvamile ukuzizwa ucindezelekile futhi ukhathazekile ngezinye izikhathi lapho uphila noshintsho olukhulu kangaka. Kodwa ungayigcini leyo mizwa kuwe. Akuyona into okufanele ube namahloni ngayo. Uma uzizwa ngale ndlela, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Idivayisi Yokusiza Ama-Ventricular (VAD) iyithuluzi elisebenza ngomshini elisiza inhliziyo ebuthakathaka kakhulu ekupompeni igazi.
- Lokhu kungasetshenziswa njengokusekelwa impilo yakho yonke kuze kube yilapho ukufakelwa inhliziyo, kuze kube yilapho inhliziyo iphola, noma ngisho impilo yakho yonke.
- Nakuba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kuzosiza kakhulu ekwandiseni impilo yakho futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho.
- Uma uphila ne-VAD, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela kahle idivayisi, uphuze imithi ngendlela efanele, futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Uma ubona noma yini engavamile emzimbeni wakho noma emishinini yakho, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Futhi nakekela impilo yakho yengqondo.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho