Ingabe ingane yakho inomkhuhlane ophakeme ongapheli ezinsukwini ezimbalwa? Kuyesabeka kangakanani kumama noma kubaba ukubona ingane yabo isezinhlungwini eziningi, inomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane ongehli ngisho nangemva kokuyinika i-paracetamol? Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, sivame ukucabanga ukuthi umkhuhlane obangelwa yigciwane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba "isifo sikaKawasaki," esingakazwa kakhulu ngaso kodwa esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo. Ngakho-ke ake siqaphele lokhu namuhla.
Siyini isifo seKawasaki?
Kalula nje, isifo se-Kawasaki yisimo lapho imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu ivuvukala noma ivuvukala. Sivame ukubonakala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5. Eqinisweni, isifo se-Kawasaki siyimbangela ehamba phambili yesifo senhliziyo ezinganeni ezincane.
Kodwa ungesabi. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kusabisa, uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi kuqalwe ukwelashwa okufanele, iningi lezingane liyalulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu nokubona udokotela ngesikhathi.
Kungani lesi sifo senzeka? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Ososayensi abakayazi imbangela eqondile yalesi sifo, kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi kunezici eziningana ezingase zibe nomthelela kuso. Lezi zifaka:
- Ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo (Ufuzo): Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nokuthambekela okuncane kokuthola lesi sifo ngenxa yokwakheka kwazo kwezakhi zofuzo.
- Ukutheleleka: Kusolwa ukuthi lesi simo singase sibangelwe impendulo ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba ngemva kokutheleleka okuthile okubangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane.
- Izici zemvelo: Izinto ezifana namakhemikhali athile endaweni esizungezile nazo zingaba nomthelela.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isifo sikaKawasaki asithelelani , ngakho-ke uma ingane yakho ithola lesi sifo, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokusisabalalisa kwabanye abantu emndenini wakho.
Kunezinye izici eziningana eziyingozi ezingathinta ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo:
- Ubudala: Kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-6 neminyaka emi-2 ubudala.
- Ubulili: Abafana banamathuba amancane okuthola lesi sifo kunamantombazane.
- Ubuzwe: Izingane zase-Asia nasePacific Islander zitholakale zinamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi sikuqaphele lokhu ngokukhethekile.
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sikaKawasaki?
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingavela ngokuzumayo, futhi zingabonakala ngezigaba eziningana.
| Izigaba eziyinhloko zezimpawu | |
|---|---|
| Isici | Incazelo |
| Isigaba Sokuqala | |
| Umkhuhlane ophezulu | Umkhuhlane uphakeme kuno-38.3 Celsius (101 Fahrenheit). Uhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezi-5 zilandelana . Imithi yomkhuhlane ovamile ayinciphisi umkhuhlane. |
| Ukuqubuka | Kuvame ukubonakala esifubeni, emilenzeni, kanye nasesinqeni. |
| Ukubomvu kwamehlo | Amehlo amhlophe aphenduka abe bomvu, kodwa amafinyila awaphumi emehlweni. |
| Izinguquko zomlomo, ulimi, nomphimbo | Izindebe ziyoma, ziqhekeke, futhi zibe bomvu obumnyama. Ulimi lungase luvuvuke futhi lube namaqhubu abomvu afana ne-strawberry (obizwa nangokuthi "ulimi lwe-strawberry"). Umphimbo ungase ube buhlungu futhi. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo | Izintende zezandla nezinyawo ziyabomvu futhi zivuvuke. |
| Izindlala ezivuvukile | Ama-lymph node entanyeni ayavuvukala. |
| Isigaba Sesibili | |
| Ukuxebuka kwesikhumba | Cishe emavikini ama-2-3 ngemuva kokuqala kwalesi sifo, isikhumba seminwe kanye nezinyawo siqala ukuxebuka. |
| Ezinye izici | Ubuhlungu bamalunga, izinhlungu zesisu, ukuhlanza, kanye nesifo sohudo kungase kwenzeke. |
Esigabeni sesithathu, lezi zimpawu ziyancipha kancane kancane. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha amasonto afika kwangu-8 ukuthi alulame ngokugcwele. Uma ingane yakho inomkhuhlane ophakeme ohlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-4-5 futhi inezinye izimpawu ezifana nalezi, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi.
Isifo seKawasaki kanye ne-COVID-19
Ezinye izingane ezithola i-COVID-19 zingase zibe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C)". Izimpawu zaso (njengomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba) zifana kakhulu nesifo sikaKawasaki. Ngakho-ke uma ubona lezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wengane yakho ngakho.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Udokotela uzoqala ahlole ingane yakho ngokucophelela bese ekubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Njengoba kungekho sivivinyo esithile sokuthola lesi sifo, udokotela uzobheka okungenani izimpawu ezine kwezi-5 ezilandelayo kanye nomkhuhlane ohlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezi-5:
1. Amehlo abomvu
2. Ukushintsha kwezindebe nolimi (omile, oqhekekile, izindebe ezibomvu kanye nolimi lwesitrobheli)
3. Ukuhlazisa umzimba
4. Ukuvuvukala kwentamo
5. Ukuvuvukala nokubomvu kwezandla nezinyawo
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kwenziwe izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kutholakale ezinye izimo zezokwelapha futhi kubonakale ukuthi inhliziyo ithintekile yini yilesi sifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo: ``I-Electrocardiogram - EKG``, ebheka umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo, kanye ``I-Echocardiogram``, ebheka isakhiwo kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ukuvuvukala nezinye izifo emzimbeni.
- Ezinye izivivinyo: I-X-ray yesifuba noma, uma kudingeka, i-angiogram yenhliziyo yokubheka imithambo yegazi enikeza igazi enhliziyweni (imithambo ye-coronary) nakho kungenziwa.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Umkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala, kanye nobuhlungu obubangelwa yilesi sifo kungaba yinto engakhululekile enganeni. Futhi, ngenxa yemiphumela engaba nayo enhliziyweni, ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha:
1. I-Immunoglobulin Engena Emthanjeni (IVIG):Lokhu ukwelashwa okunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Kuqukethe ama-antibodies, uhlobo lweprotheni olusiza umzimba ukulwa nezifo. Uma kunikezwa ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, lokhu kwelashwa kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala emithanjeni yegazi futhi kuvimbele umonakalo omkhulu ongenzeka enhliziyweni.
2. I-aspirin: Udokotela utusa i-aspirin ukunciphisa umkhuhlane nobuhlungu kanye nokuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
Isixwayiso esibaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi unike izingane ezincane i-aspirin ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. I-aspirin ingaba yingozi kakhulu ezimweni zeminye imikhuhlane ebangelwa amagciwane, njenge-dengue. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha isifo se-Kawasaki okufanele inikezwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikachwepheshe.
Ngemva kokwelashwa, uma ingane yakho iba nesimo esifana ne-aneurysm yemithambo yenhliziyo, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphuze i-aspirin ephansi amasonto ambalwa noma ngaphezulu. Futhi, ngisho nangemva kokuphuma esibhedlela, kufanele nakanjani uyiyise ingane yakho ukuze ihlolwe ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela.
Ingabe lesi sifo singadala izinkinga?
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi noma ubani angasaba ukuzwa lokhu, njengoba kuyinto ehlobene nenhliziyo. Kodwa empeleni, uma kwelashwa ngokushesha, iningi lezingane liyalulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside.
Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, kungase kube nezinkinga ezithile, ikakhulukazi uma ukwelashwa kwephuza.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo (i-dysrhythmia)
- Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-myocarditis)
- Ukulimala kwama-valve enhliziyo (ukubuyela kwe-mitral)
- Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi (i-vasculitis)
Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izindonga zemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni zibe buthaka futhi zivuvukale njengamabhaluni (ama-aneurysms). Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi esikhathini esizayo, ukopha kwangaphakathi, kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
Kodwa khumbula, lezi yizinkinga ezingavamile kakhulu. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, le ngozi ingancishiswa ngaphezu kuka-95%. Yingakho sithi kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngesikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikaKawasaki singelapheka, kodwa singelapheka esithinta izingane ezincane futhi sidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezifana namehlo abomvu, ukuqubuka, izindebe ezibomvu nolimi, kanye nokuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo, kanye nomkhuhlane ophakeme ohlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezi-5.
- Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, ungesabi noma ukhathazeke, bese uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela ukulimala kwenhliziyo.
- Ungalokothi unike izingane i-aspirin ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokulandelela, ingane yakho ingalulama ngokuphelele futhi iphile impilo enempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
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