Nea eye sen biara ma w’ani! Momma yensua biribiara fa aniwa ho oduruyɛfo ho.

Wunim sɛnea w’ani som bo. Saa aniwa nketewa mmienu yi boa yɛn ma yɛhunu wiase fɛfɛ yi, yɛhunu yɛn adɔfoɔ anim, yɛkenkan nwoma, yei nyinaa. Enti, ɛyɛ yɛn asɛde sɛ yɛbɛma aniwa abien yi anya apɔwmuden na ayɛ yiye. Ɛtɔ da bi a yɛn aniwa nya ɔhaw nketenkete, ɛtɔ da mpo a ebetumi abɛyɛ tebea horow a emu yɛ den. Ɛno ne bere a yɛ Aniwa ho ɔbenfo mmoa , kyerɛ sɛ, `(Aniwa ho ɔyaresafo)` ho hia. Ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka onipa ko a saa `(Ophthalmologist)` yi yɛ, nea ɔyɛ, ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ yehu onipa a ɔte saa.

Hena ne aniwa ho ɔyaresafo yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, `(Aniwa ho Oduruyɛfo)` yɛ oduruyɛfo a wanya ntetee soronko a ɔde bɛhwehwɛ aniwa mu nyarewa nyinaa na wasa, na sɛ ɛho hia mpo a ɔbɛyɛ oprehyɛn. Wɔte sɛ `(Aduruyɛ)` nnuruyɛfo (`(MD - Aduruyɛ ho Oduruyɛfo)`) anaa `(Nnompe mu yare)` nnuruyɛfo (`(DO - Nnompe mu yare ho oduruyɛfo)`). Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔanya aduruyɛ ho ntetee a edi mũ na ɛno akyi nkutoo na wonya aniwa ho nimdeɛ.

Ebia woate ``Optometrist'' ne ``Optician'' ho asɛm. Wɔn baanu nyinaa de aniwa hwɛ ho nnwuma ma. Nanso, ``Aniwa ho Oduruyɛfo'' yɛ obi a ɔde nnwuma ahorow pii ma, titiriw aduruyɛ ne oprehyɛn ayaresa. Yɛbɛka saa nsonsonoe no ho asɛm pii akyiri yi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobɛyɛ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo?

Sɛ́ wobɛyɛ onimdefo te sɛ eyi no nyɛ ade a ɛyɛ mmerɛw , egye ahofama ne bere pii. Susuw ho hwɛ, .

• Nea edi kan no, mpɛn pii no ɛsɛ sɛ wuwie nyansahu ho abodin krataa a wode bɛyɛ mfe anan (mpɛn pii no, woyɛ ahosiesie adesua ansa na wɔayɛ aduruyɛ ).
• Afei ɛsɛ sɛ wokyerɛw wo din wɔ aduruyɛ sukuu mu na wonya aduruyɛ ho abodin krataa (`(MD)` anaa `(DO)`).
• Ɛnkɔ awiei wɔ hɔ. Afei, ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ afe biako adwumayɛ ho ntetee a anohyeto wom .
• Ɛno akyi no, anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ wonya mfe abiɛsa ntetee titiriw wɔ aduruyɛ ne oprehyɛn a wɔde sa aniwa no mu .

Bere a obi ayɛ eyi nyinaa na wanya aduruyɛ tumi krataa afi ɔman no bagua ahorow a ɛfa ho no hɔ akyi nkutoo na obi betumi ayɛ adwuma sɛ `(Aniwa Ho Ɔbenfo)`. Wei kyerε sε, sε wokɔ `(Ophthalmologist)` nkyɛn a, obi a ɔwɔ nimdeɛ a emu dɔ ne nteteeɛ wɔ aniwa mu na ɔresa wo yareɛ.

Dɛn na aniwa ho oduruyɛfo yɛ?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea oduruyɛfo anaa ɔbea yi yɛ ma yɛn aniwa. Wobetumi ama wɔahwɛ aniwa so koraa. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ:

• Aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ: Hwɛ sɛnea w’ani hu ade, sɛ ebia w’ani wɔ apɔwmuden, ne sɛ ebia ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Anisoadehunu dwumadie: Yɛbɛhwɛ sɛ wuhia ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade na yɛde nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo ama wo.
• Aniwa mu nyarewa ne tebea afoforo a ɛka aniwa no a wobehu na wɔasa: Sɛ nhwɛso no, obi a ɔwɔ asikreyare betumi asɛe n’ani. Ɛyɛ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo adwuma sɛ obehu tebea horow a ɛtete saa ntɛm na wasa. Wɔsa tebea horow te sɛ atiridiinini ne atiridiinini nso.
• Nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma : Sɛ ɛho hia a, wɔkyerɛw nneɛma te sɛ aniwa mu aduru ne nnuru a wɔnom.
• Aniwa oprehyɛn: Aniwa tebea horow bi te sɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn. Aniwa ho oduruyɛfo betumi ayɛ oprehyɛn a ɛte saa.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Afei ebia woresusuw ho sɛ, "Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ Aniwa Ho Oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?" Mpɛn pii no, ebia wubehia Aniwa Ho Oduruyɛfo mmoa wɔ tebea horow a edidi so yi mu:

Wɔ aniwa mu haw a ɛtaa ba ne nyarewa nketenkete ho

• Sɛ wuntumi nhu nneɛma yiye wɔ akyirikyiri (wɔfrɛ eyi `` Hyperopia ''), fa no sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛkenkan bɔs nɔma bi afi akyirikyiri.
• Sɛ wohu nneɛma a ɛbɛn, sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, nwoma anaa atesɛm krataa, na nkyerɛwdeɛ no da adi sɛ ɛyɛ kusuu (wɔfrɛ yei `(Myopia)`). Ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa binom kura atesɛm krataa no mu kɔ akyirikyiri kakra ansa na wɔakenkan, ɛnte saa? Saa na ɛte.
• Ɛtɔ da bi a mfonini koro no ara pue sɛ abien, anaasɛ wɔakyinkyim no, anaasɛ wɔatrɛw mu (wɔfrɛ eyi ``Astigmatism''. Eyi betumi afi nsakrae kakra a ɛba aniwa no nsɛso mu).
• Wɔ mmofraberem no, mmofra binom nya tebea bi a ɛma aniwa biako yɛ mmerɛw sen foforo , te sɛ nea wɔyɛ anihafo. Wɔfrɛ eyi ``Amblyopia'' anaa 'ani a ɛyɛ ɔkwasea.'' Sɛ wɔansa eyi ntɛm a, anisoadehu a ɛwɔ saa aniwa no mu no betumi asɛe koraa.
• Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ obi nyin a, aniwa no fã a ɛte sɛ jelly (vitreous) no tumi tetew (posterior vitreous detachment - PVD). Eyi betumi ama nsensanee tuntum anaa nneɛma a ɛte sɛ asau asensɛn aniwa no anim.
• Aniwa mu nyarewa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛba bere a obi nyin no, sɛ nhwɛso no `(Macular Degeneration)` (retina no mfinimfini fã a ɛyɛ mmerɛw bere a yɛrenyin no). Wɔ eyi mu no, retina no fã a ɛho hia sen biara wɔ aniwa no mu no yɛ mmerɛw, na nneɛma a wohu wɔ yɛn anim tẽẽ no fi ase yɛ kusuu.

Sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn anaa ayaresa titiriw bi a

Bio nso, sɛ wuhia aniwa oprehyɛn anaa ayaresa titiriw bi a, .Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ `(Ophthalmologist)`. Nhwɛso kakraa bi ni:

• Cataracts (cataracts) yɛ biribi a ɛto nnipa pii bere a wɔrenyin no. Sɛnea mfoninitwa afiri ahwehwɛ dan mununkum no, saa ara na aniwa a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no yɛ mununkum.
• Sɛ wowɔ glaucoma a, eyi yɛ yare a ɛyɛ hu. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no kɔ soro, na ɛsɛe aniwa ntini no, na ɛde nkakrankakra ma obi nhu ade yiye. Mpɛn pii no, mfiase no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ.
• Sɛ retina no atew (`(Retinal Detachment)`). Eyi yɛ asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ! Sɛ aniwa no mu fã a ɛte sɛ sini no tetew a, sɛ wɔansa no ntɛm a, ebetumi ama obi ani afura.
• Sɛ yare bi (`(Corneal Disease)`) wɔ aniwa no anim a . Aniwa no yɛ ɔfã a ɛda adi wɔ aniwa no anim.
• Sɛ asikreyare sɛe mogya ntini a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu a (Diabetes-related Retinopathy). Nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare betumi asɛe mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ wɔn aniwa mu no, na ama mogya atu wɔn na mogya ntini foforo aba. Eyi nso betumi aka anisoadehu.
• Sɛ wowɔ strabismus a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn de siesie.
• Sɛ aniwa no apira kɛse a, sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ biribi kɔ aniwa no mu anaasɛ wɔbɔ no denneennen a.

Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ m’ani?

Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a nnipa pii wɔ. "Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ m'ani?" Eyi gyina nneɛma ahorow bi so ankasa, a mfe a woadi, aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo biara a wowɔ (te sɛ asikreyare), ne sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ aniwa mu haw ahorow ka ho. Nyansahyɛ ahorow bi a wɔde ma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so ni:

• Mmofra a wɔretu mmirika: Enkosi sɛ wobefi sukuu ase no, wo ba no mmofra oduruyɛfo bɛhwɛ n’ani wɔ nnuru a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban biara mu (mmofra a wɔn ho yɛ den nsrahwɛ), na afei pɛnkoro anaa mprenu afe biara.
• Mpanyimfo a wonnii mfe 40: Mpɛn pii no pɛnkoro wɔ mfe 5 kosi 10 biara mu. Nanso ntɛm sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ anisoadehu mu a.
• Nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 40 kosi 54: Pɛnkoro wɔ mfe 2 kosi 4 biara mu. Eyi ne mfe a nnipa dodow no ara fi ase hia akenkan ahwehwɛ.
• Nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 55: Pɛnkoro wɔ mfe 1 kosi 3 biara mu. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ wɔ saa mfe yi mu no, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nyarewa te sɛ ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ne aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no yɛ kɛse.

Nea ɛho hia yiye: Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’ani anyɛ yiye koraa no pɛnkoro afe biara. Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu asikreyare a ɛde aniwa asɛe (Diabetic Retinopathy) ntɛm, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi de ayaresa ama na wɔakora w’ani so.

Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade dedaw a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woba mu Di saa akwankyerɛ ahorow no akyi.

Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ w’ani so te sɛ eyi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara!

Mma wo werɛ mmfi eyi da. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi a ɛba mpofirim wɔ w’ani so anaa sɛnkyerɛnne foforo bi a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase. Kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo anaa aniwa ho ɔbenfo foforo ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi. Aniwa mu nyarewa bi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔsa yare ntɛm ara.

• Sɛ w’ani da so ara yɛ wo yaw wɔ nna kakraa bi akyi a.
• Sɛ w’aniwa yɛ kusuu mpofirim, anaasɛ ɛte sɛ nea ɛrebrɛ ase nkakrankakra a.
• Nneɛma abien a wohu prɛko pɛ (`(Diplopia)`).
• Aniwa yɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛrenkɔ, titiriw bere a ɛyaw no.
• Sɛ w'ani yɛ yaw araa ma wuntumi nhwɛ hann no, anaasɛ w'ani te sɛ nea ɛretetew (`(Photophobia)`).
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ w’anisoadehu no reyɛ kɛse nkakrankakra na wuntumi nhu nneɛma yiye a.
• Sɛ wufi ase hu nsensanee tuntum foforo, nhama, anaa hann a ɛhyerɛn wɔ w’ani anim a, eyinom betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ retina no atew.

Sɛ wuhu biribi te sɛ eyi a, nsusuw kɛkɛ sɛ, "Ɛnyɛ yiye." Ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woanya afotu.

Dɛn na wubetumi abisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ yɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a yɛn werɛ fi sɛ yebebisa nneɛma a ɛwɔ yɛn adwenem. Enti, sɛ wokɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ma nsɛmmisa yi ntra w’adwenem. Sɛ wopɛ mpo a, wubetumi akyerɛw ato hɔ.

• Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ m’ani?
• Ayaresa bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ ma m’ani yare no?
• So ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ m’ani oprehyɛn? Sɛ saa a, dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan?
• Sɛ wɔyɛ me oprehyɛn a, bere tenten ahe na ebegye ansa na me ho atɔ me? Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye wɔ ho wɔ saa bere no mu?
• Nsunsuanso bɔne bɛn na saa ayaresa ahorow yi betumi de aba?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ nsakrae bi wɔ m’asetra kwan mu na ama m’ani akɔ so ayɛ yiye?

Nsuro sɛ wubebisa nsɛm biara a wowɔ. Sɛ wunya wo tebea no ho ntease pa a, ɛbɛboa ma w’ayaresa no ayɛ yiye.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ `(Aniwa ho ɔyaresafo)` ne `(Aniwa ho oduruyɛfo)` ntam?

Eyi yɛ beae a nnipa pii adwene tu fra. Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ``Aniwa ho Oduruyɛfo'' ne ``Aniwa ho Oduruyɛfo'' nyinaa de aniwa yɛ adwuma, nanso nsonsonoe bi wɔ wɔn ntetee ne nea wobetumi ayɛ mu.

• Aniwa ho ɔyaresafo : Eyi ne nea yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ asɛm yi nyinaa mu. Wɔwɔ abodin krataa wɔ aduruyɛ sukuu (MD anaa DO) mu na wɔwɔ oprehyɛn ho ntetee titiriw mpo wɔ aniwa mu. Wobetumi ahu aniwa mu yare biara na wɔasa, akyerɛw nnuru ama obi, na wɔayɛ aniwa oprehyɛn mpo. Wɔn na wɔsa aniwa mu nyarewa a emu yɛ den titiriw.

• (Aniwa Ho Oduruyɛfo) .Optometrists: Eyinom yɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ abodin krataa a wɔfrɛ no ``Doctor of Optometry - OD''. Wobetumi nso ahwehwɛ aniwa mu, ahu aniwa mu haw ahorow (``Myopia, Hyperopia, Astigmatism''), na wɔakyerɛw ahwehwɛ ne ``contact lenses'' ama. Wobetumi nso ahu aniwa mu nyarewa bi a abu so (te sɛ aniwa mu yare) na wɔasa. Nanso, ``Optometrist'' nyɛ aniwa oprehyɛn. Sɛ ``Aniwa ho Oduruyɛfo'' te nka sɛ w'ani hia oprehyɛn anaa ayaresa titiriw a wobetumi anya afi ``Aniwa ho Oduruyɛfo'' nkutoo hɔ a, ɔde wo bɛkɔ ``Aniwa ho Oduruyɛfo'' nkyɛn.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wubetumi akɔ ``Optometrist`` nkyɛn akɔyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa anaasɛ wobɛkɔ akɔfa ahwehwɛ. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa atiridiinini, wuhia oprehyɛn, anaasɛ wowɔ aniwa mu yare a ɛyɛ den a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ``Aniwa ho Oduruyɛfo`` nkyɛn.

Nnipa binom kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔyɛ wɔn aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu daa. Mfomso biara nni ho. Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ wobɛkɔ baabi a wobɛhwɛ w’ani yiye.

Awiei koraa no, momma yɛnkae eyi?

Aniwa yɛ akwaa abien a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛsom bo sen biara wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Ɛyɛ yɛn asɛde sɛ yɛbɔ wɔn ho ban.

• Aniwa ho oduruyɛfo yɛ oduruyɛfo titiriw a obetumi de w’ani akwahosan ho asodi nyinaa ato ne ho so na sɛ ɛho hia mpo a obetumi ayɛ wo oprehyɛn.
• Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu daa a ɛfata wo mfe ne w’akwahosan. Saa kwan yi so no, sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ a, wobetumi ahu no ntɛm na wɔasa ansa na ayɛ aniberesɛm.
• Wɔ tebea horow a emu yɛ den te sɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, atiridiinini, asikreyare a ɛma w’aniwa yɛ mmerɛw, anaasɛ sɛ wuhia aniwa oprehyɛn a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
• Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ w’anisoadehu mu a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Sɛ w’ani yɛ wo yaw, w’ani nhu ade yiye, ɛyɛ den sɛ wubehu hann, anaasɛ wo ho yɛ tuntum a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
• Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, bisa nsɛm biara a wowɔ na nya wo tebea no ho ntease pa. Kae sɛ w’ani som bo paa ma wo! Enti hwɛ wɔn.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ wubehu sɛ mfaso wɔ saa nsɛm yi so. Ɛmmra sɛ wɔbɛhyira wo wɔ hokwan a wode behu wiase no wɔ aniwa abien a ɛte apɔw mu!

` Aniwa ho oduruyɛfo, aniwa ho oduruyɛfo, aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu, anisoadehu, ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, aniwa akwahosan