Momma yensua akyi pituitary gland no ho ade kɛkɛ.

So woasusuw yɛn nipadua no afã nketenkete dodow a ɛyɛ adwuma pii ho pɛn? Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka ntini ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ nwonwa pii ho asɛm. Wɔfrɛ no pituitary gland. Titiriw no, yɛde yɛn adwene besi saa ntini no akyi fã, ``Posterior Pituitary`` so.

Dɛn ne saa pituitary gland yi? Dɛn na ɛyɛ soronko wɔ akyi fã no ho?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, pituitary gland yɛ ntini ketewaa bi a ne kɛse te sɛ pea a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene no ase, wɔ hypothalamus ase. Ɛyɛ yɛn endocrine nhyehyɛe no fã a ɛho hia yiye. Fa no sɛ, ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ ketewaa de, nanso ɛhwɛ nkwaadɔm a ɛho hia sen biara wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no pii so.

Saa pituitary gland yi afã atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

1. Anim Lobe a ɛwɔ anim

2. Posterior Lobe - Eyi ne nea yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ, ``Posterior Pituitary``.

Pituitary gland no yɛ hormone ahorow pii na eyi fi mu. Nanso, akyi pituitary no yɛ soronko. Ɛkora nkwaadɔm a pituitary gland no yɛ no mu abien pɛ na ɛma wogyae bere a ɛho hia no. Saa hormone abien yi ne:

• Oxytocin a wɔde yɛ aduru
• Nnuru a Ɛko Tia Nsu (ADH), a wɔsan frɛ no Vasopressin.

Afei ebia woresusuw sɛ, "Enti dɛn ne hypothalamus yi?" Hypothalamus nso yɛ yɛn amemene no fã. Ɛhwɛ nneɛma pii so, a mogya mmoroso, koma bɔ, nipadua mu hyew, ne aduan a wɔyam ka ho. Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, pituitary gland no nam dua ketewaa bi so na ɛka hypothalamus no ho. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ pituitary dua. Ɛnam saa dua yi so na hypothalamus no ka kyerɛ pituitary gland no sɛ, "Okay, gyae saa hormone no mprempren."

Dɛn ne Endocrine System no? Yɛsrɛ sɛ kyerɛkyerɛ mu kakra.

Asɛmmisa pa! Endocrine nhyehyɛe no yɛ ntini ahorow a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛyɛ nnuru a wɔfrɛ no hormone na ɛma ɛkɔ mogya no mu tẽẽ.

Hormone ahorow te sɛ abɔfo a wɔde nkrasɛm kɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔnam mogya mu na wɔka nea ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ kyerɛ yɛn akwaa, honam ani, ntini, ne ntini afoforo.

Ntini ne akwaa atitiriw a ɛka bom yɛ yɛn endocrine nhyehyɛe no ne:

• Hypothalamus a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
• Pituitary Ntini a Ɛma Ntini Mu
• Thyroid ntini `(Thyroid)`
• Parathyroid ntini ahorow
• Adrenal ntini ahorow
• Pineal ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
• Pancreas a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
• Ovaries (wɔ mmea mu) .
• Nkwaboaa (testes) (ɔbarima) .

Nnuru bɛn na akyi ntini a ɛwɔ akyi no yi fi nipadua no mu? Dɛn na wɔyɛ?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, akyi pituitary gland no sie hormone ahorow atitiriw abien na eyi fi mu. Hypothalamus na ɛyɛ saa hormone ahorow yi ankasa. Nanso wɔkora so na wogyae bere a akyi pituitary gland no hia no.

1. Nnuru a Ɛko Tia Nsu a Ɛma Nsu (ADH) anaa Vasopressin:

• Saa hormone yi ho hia yiye. Ɛyɛ saa hormone yi na ɛboa nipadua no ma ɛtwe nsu dodow a ɛho hia bere a yɛn asaabo yi mogya no. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ADH boa ma yɛhwɛ nsu a ɛkari pɛ wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no so.

2. Oxytocin a wɔde di dwuma:

• Wɔ mmea mu no, ɛboa wɔ awo mu denam awotwaa no a ɛma ɛtwetwe bere a wɔrewo no so. Ɛkanyan nufu no nso ma ɛyɛ nufusu. Oxytocin nso ka ɛna ne abofra ntam abusuabɔ.
• Wɔ mmarima mu no, saa hormone yi nso betumi aka awofo ne mmofra ntam abusuabɔ. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom oxytocin nso boa ma wɔpia mmadwoa ne mmadwoa mu nsu kɔ n’anim bere a wɔretu no.

Enti dɛn ne adwuma titiriw a akyi pituitary no yɛ?

Ade titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛkora oxytocin ne antidiuretic hormone (ADH) so na wɔayi afi hɔ bere a sɛnkyerɛnne bi fi hypothalamus mu ba no. Hypothalamus no nam ntini mu nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛfa pituitary dua a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no so na ɛde saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi mena.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na Posterior Pituitary no ne akwaa afoforo wɔ abusuabɔ?

Eyi yɛ asɛm a ɛyɛ anigye yiye. Akyi pituitary no ne hypothalamus no wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ. Efisɛ hypothalamus no yɛ oxytocin ne ADH na ɛkyerɛ wɔn bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wogyae.

Bio:

• Oxytocin ne awotwaa, nufu ntini (nufu), ne vas deferens yɛ adwuma wɔ mmarima mu.
• ADH (antidiuretic hormone) ne yɛn asaabo titiriw na ɛyɛ adwuma.

Ɛhe na akyi pituitary no wɔ? Ɛsõ dɛn?

Pituitary gland no wɔ yɛn amemene no ase, yɛn hwene no bridge no akyi, wɔ hypothalamus no ase pɛɛ. Ɛwɔ baabi ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ sphenoid dompe no mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi Sella Turcica.

Pituitary gland no nyinaa kɛse bɛyɛ sɛ pea, bɛyɛ nsateakwaa 1/3. Akyi pituitary yɛ ntini no fã a ɛhwɛ akyi. Ɛyɛ ketewaa sen anim pituitary no. Anterior pituitary no yɛ bɛyɛ 80% wɔ pituitary gland no nyinaa mu duru mu.

Dɛn ne nyarewa ne tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a ɛbata Posterior Pituitary ho?

Ɔhaw atitiriw a ebetumi aba wɔ akyi pituitary no ho ne oxytocin anaa antidiuretic hormone (ADH) a ɛtwetwe boro so anaasɛ ɛtwetwe kakraa bi.

Tebea horow yi mu dodow no ara ho yɛ na. Afei nso, akisikuru betumi aka akyi ntini a ɛwɔ akyi no, nanso ɛntaa nsi nso. Pituitary tumors taa ba wɔ pituitary gland a ɛwɔ anim no mu.

Nnuru a ɛko tia nsu mu nsu (ADH) a wɔmma ɛnkɔ fam .

Eyi fi ADH a ɛba hypothalamus mu a ɛso tew anaasɛ ADH a efi pituitary gland no mu no so tew. Mpɛn pii no, eyi fi hypothalamus anaa akyi pituitary a ɛsɛe. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae nso betumi de aba. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wonnim nea ɛde ba.

Sɛ ADH dodow sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, asaabo no ntumi nsan nnye nsu pii sɛnea ehia. Eyi ma nsu pii fi nsu no mu (nsu no yɛ mmerɛw), na ɛma nsu dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no so tew na ɛma ne dodow kɔ soro.

ADH a enni nipadua mu no betumi ama nsu mu akisikuru a ɛntaa nsi a wɔfrɛ no ``Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI'' aba. Ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde eyi frafra ``Diabetes Mellitus'', efisɛ ɛsono abien no koraa. CDI betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu sɛ wɔansa no yiye a.

CDI ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne:

• Nsu a wɔtaa tow `(Polyuria)`
• Sukɔm a ɛboro so (Polydipsia) .
• Ɔbrɛ (ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsɔre mpɛn pii anadwo kɔtow nsu) .
• Nsu a ɛho ntew

Nnuru a ɛko tia nsu mu nsu (ADH) a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu boro so .

Eyi fi ADH a ɛkɔ soro wɔ hypothalamus mu anaasɛ ADH a efi akyi pituitary mu no kɔ soro. Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`. Sɛ ADH dodow kɔ soro a, nipadua no kura nsu pii. Afei nsu no mu yɛ den yiye, na mogya no yɛ nsu na ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse.

Nneɛma pii nti na ebia SIADH ne ADH dodow bɛkɔ soro. Nneɛma bi a ɛtaa de ba no bi ne:

• Nnuru bi (e.g., nnuru bi a wɔde sa asikreyare a ɛto so abien, nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru) .
• Oprehyɛn ahorow a wɔyɛe wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no nyinaa ase
• Amemene mu yare (opira, ɔyare mmoawa, ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase) .
• Amemene mu oprehyɛn a ɛfa hypothalamus ho

Mpɛn pii no, sodium dodow a ɛba mogya mu no na ɛde ADH dodow a ɛkɔ soro ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ba. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ sodium sua wɔ mogya mu no bi ne:

• Akisikuru ne ɔfe
• Tiyɛ (tiyɛ) .
• Kari a wɔhwere (ebia ɛbɛhwe ase) .
• Adwene mu nsakrae (adwene mu naayɛ, nkae a ɛyera) .

Oxytocin a wɔde yi nipadua no mu kakraa bi

Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa.Sɛ oxytocin dodow kɔ fam sen sɛnea ɛsɛ a, awotwaa no gyae twetwe na nufusu no gyae bere a ɔrewo no. Ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa nsi de, nanso nea ɛtaa de eyi ba ne tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Panhypopituitarism.'' Eyi ne bere a hormone ahorow a ɛwɔ pituitary gland no mu nyinaa dodow sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa.

Oxytocin a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma boro so

Eyi nso ho yɛ na koraa. Wɔfrɛ eyi oxytocin awuduru. Sɛ oxytocin dodow kɔ soro sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, awotwaa no yɛ adwuma boro so. Awotwaa no ntini mu duru kɔ soro (hypertrophy), na baabi a akokoaa no ntumi nkɔ awotwaa no mu, na ɛno betumi asiw nyinsɛn ano.

So nhwehwɛmu bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ahwɛ sɛnea m’akyi pituitary gland no akwahosan te?

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛfa ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ akyi ntini a ɛwɔ akyi no ho a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ ADH ne/anaasɛ oxytocin dodow mu nhwehwɛmu.

• ADH mogya mu nhwehwɛmu betumi aboa ma wɔahu ADH a enni hɔ anaasɛ ɛboro so na wɔahu nea ɛde ba.
• Wobetumi asɔ wo oxytocin dodow ahwɛ wɔ nsu ahorow te sɛ nnompe, mogya, mogya mu nsu, nsu, ne amemene mu nsu mu.

Sɛ nea efi nhwehwɛmu no mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mfoniniyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) mfa nhwɛ wo pituitary gland no.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ `(Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI)` anaa `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Kae sɛ akwahosan ho haw dodow no ara a ɛfa akyi pituitary yare ho no ntaa mma. Nanso sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne foforo anaa ɛhaw adwene a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa. Wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu kakraa bi a ɛnyɛ den de ahwɛ w’akwahosan.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, enti mewɔ anidaso sɛ seesei moanya nteaseɛ pa wɔ saa ɔfa ketewa yi nanso ɛho hia paa a wɔfrɛ no ``Posterior Pituitary'' a yɛkaa ho asɛm nnɛ no ho. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a:

• Akyi pituitary yɛ pituitary gland no akyi fã wɔ yɛn amemene no mu.
• Ɛkora nkwaadɔm abien a wɔfrɛ no oxytocin ne antidiuretic hormone (ADH) so titiriw na ɛma ɛba. Hypothalamus na ɛyɛ saa nkwaadɔm yi.
• ADH boa ma yɛhwɛ nsu a ɛkari pɛ wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no so .
• Oxytocin ho hia ma awo, nufu, ne nnipa nkitahodi .
• Nsakrae a ɛba saa hormone ahorow yi mu no betumi de akwahosan ho haw ahorow aba (ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa nsi de) te sɛ ``Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI'' ne ``SIADH''.
• Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi a ɛyɛ soronko a, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu.

Yɛn nipadua yɛ nwonwa ankasa, ɛnte saa? Ɛyɛ nwonwa sɛ wubesusuw sɛnea wobetumi de ɔfã ketewaa bi ayɛ adwuma pii no ho!

` Pituitary gland, akyi pituitary, hormone ahorow, oxytocin, hormone a ɛko tia nsu mu nsu, ADH, endocrine nhyehyɛe