Wopɛ sɛ wuhu biribiara fa ɛnne nhama a ɛma wo nne nya nkwa no ho?

Yɛn nyinaa wɔ yɛn ankasa nne soronko, ɛnte saa? Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ yɛanhu obi mpo a, yɛnam sɛnea ɔkasa no so hu no. Enti, so woasusuw sɛnea wɔhyehyɛ yɛn nne ho pɛn? Ade ketewaa bɛn na ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛboa ma yɛyɛ saa? Mmuae no ne ɛnne nhama no . Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka saa ɛnne nhama a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi, sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma, ne sɛnea yɛbɛma anya apɔwmuden ho asɛm.

Dɛn ne ɛnne nhama no? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wo nne nhama yɛ ntini abien a ɛwɔ baabi ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ adaka wɔ wo menewam a wɔfrɛ no larynx . Saa ahurututu yi wɔ wo trachea , afiri a ɛde mframa kɔ w’ahurututu mu bere a worehome no atifi.

Sɛ wohome na wufi mu a, ɛnne nhama abien yi dwo, na ɛma mframa fa mu kwa. Nanso sɛ wufi ase kasa a, ɛnne nhama abien yi bɛn wɔn ho wɔn ho, na ahome a wohome no bom wosow wɔ mfinimfini. Saa wosow no ne nea epue sɛ wo nne.

Nnuruyɛfo pii frɛ eyinom “nne mu ntini” mmom sen sɛ wɔbɛfrɛ no “nne nhama .” Ntease bi wɔ hɔ a enti ɛte saa. Bere bi a atwam no, nkurɔfo susuw ho sɛ nhama abien a ɛwɔ sanku bi so a sɛ wɔbɔ wɔn a, ɛma nnyigyei. Nanso seesei yenim sɛ ɛnyɛ nhama abien kɛkɛ, na mmom ɛyɛ ntini ne ntini a ɛka bom a ɛtoatoa so. Sɛ yɛbɛka no katee a, ɛnyɛ nneɛma biako pɛ, na mmom ɛne ntini ahorow ne ntini ahorow a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu no wɔ abusuabɔ.

Nneɛma bɛn na ɛho hia paa a ɛnne nhama no yɛ?

Ade titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛma ɛnne no aba, nanso ɛno akyi no, ɛnne nhama yi na ɛyɛ nnwuma afoforo pii a ɛho hia.

1. Yɛn ankasa nne soronko a yɛbɛbɔ

Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara. Sɛ wokasa, woto dwom, wobɔ hwirema, wosi apini, wobɔ abubuw - weinom nyinaa yɛ nnyigyei a ɛnne nhama yi na ɛyɛ. Sɛ ɛnne nhama no twetwe a, mframa a efi mframa afiri no mu ba no ntumi mfi mu na ɛkyere. Saa mframa a akyea yi de nhyɛso ba ɛnne nhama no so. Ɛyɛ saa nhyɛso yi nti na mframa no fi adi sɛ nsu a ɛtɔ gu fam, na ɛma ɛnne nhama no wosow. Ɛdenam sɛnea wo nne yɛ den so no, saa nne nhama yi tumi wosow mpɛn ɔhaha pii wɔ sekan biara mu! Saa wosow yi ne mframa no bom yɛ wo nne.

Fa no sɛ, nneɛma a ɛwɔ w’anim nyinaa, te sɛ w’ano, wo tɛkrɛma, wo sẽ, w’afono, ne w’anom ntini no, bom yɛ adwuma ma nnyigyei a efi ɛnne nhama yi mu ba no mu da hɔ, ma ɛyɛ fɛ, na ɛsakra no, na ɛma w’ankasa wo nne soronko ba.

2. Yɛn mframa kwan a yɛbɛbɔ ho ban

Eyi nso ho hia paa.

• Sɛ womene: Wo hwene te sɛ baabi a ɛka bom. Ɛhɔ na akwan abien a ɛkɔ mframa kwan (mframa kwan) ne aduannoa (aduan ne anonne) mu no mu paapae. Sɛ wudidi a, ɛnne nhama yi to mu, na ɛmma nneɛma te sɛ aduan ne anonne ntumi nkɔ mframa afiri no mu. Sɛ womene a, ahurututu no kɔ soro, na ɛde aduan no kɔ aduan no mu tẽẽ.
• Sɛ wofefe a:Sɛ biribi bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛkɔ mframa kwan no mu a, ɛnne nhama no twetwe mpofirim, na ɛma ɔfe. Afei nso, sɛ wowɔ atiridiinini a, ɔfe boa ma woyi nneɛma a wompɛ fi ɔhome nhyehyɛe no mu. Bere biara a wobɛtew wo menewam, bere biara a wobɛfefe no, saa ɛnne nhama yi twetwe.

3. Wo home a wobɛhwɛ so

Sɛ wohome na worefi mu a, ɛnne nhama no mu tetew, na ɛma mframa kwan no fa mu a biribiara nsiw wo kwan.

Ɛhe na ɛnne nhama no wɔ?

Wo nne nhama no wɔ wo nipadua no fã bi a wɔfrɛ no larynx , a wɔsan frɛ no "nne adaka" no mu. Eyi wɔ mframa afiri no atifi, wɔ Adam apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛwɔ wo menewam mfinimfini no akyi pɛɛ. Sɛ wode nsateaa biako anaa abien to dompe yi so na womia a, wobɛte nka sɛ akɔ soro. Sɛ wubue w’ano a, wobɛte nka sɛ ɛrekɔ fam.

Dɛn ne ɛnne nhama no nsusuwii ne nea wɔahyehyɛ?

Ɛnne nhama no yɛ ntini fitaa abien a ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛwɔ wo hwene mfinimfini. Sɛ ɛnne nhama no bue a, nea ɛwɔ nifa so ne nea ɛwɔ benkum so no bom yɛ "V" a wɔadan no. Sɛ wɔto mu a, wɔbom yɛ te sɛ nhama a ɛyɛ tratraa.

Saa ɛnne nhama yi fi ahurututu no benkum so kɔ nifa so, na efi anim kɔ akyi. Wɔbata ntini ne ntini a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu a ɛboa ma wɔhyɛ ɛnne nhama no kankan so.

Wɔde ade a ɛyɛ nwini a ɛbɔ ho ban a wɔfrɛ no mucous membrane na ɛkata ɛnne nhama no so . Wɔ saa katasoɔ yi ase no, ɛnne nhama no yɛ ntoatoasoɔ titire mmiɛnsa:

• Wɔfrɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ akyi sen biara no epithelium .
• Mfinimfini fã a wɔfrɛ no lamina propria no ne nea ɛboa ma ɛnne nhama no tu.
• Ntini a ɛwɔ mu paa. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne Vocalis Ntini ne Thyroarytenoid Ntini .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛnne nhama no kɛse sesa?

Sɛ wɔwo wo a, wo nne nhama no tenten yɛ milimita 6 kosi 8. Bere a worenyin no, wɔn nso kyɛ. Ɛnne nhama no tenten ne ne kɛse na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo nne bɛyɛ den . Ɛnne nhama a ɛyɛ den ma ɛnne a emu dɔ na ɛyɛ dede (ɛba fam).

• Wɔ mmarima fam no: Bere a mmarimaa du wɔn mpanyin afe so no, hormone a wɔfrɛ no testosterone no ma wɔn nne nhama nyin na ɛyɛ tenten. Eyi nti na wɔn nne mu dɔ no. Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mmarima a wɔanyinyin nne nhama tenten yɛ sɛntimita 1.75 kosi 2.5. Wɔrentumi nsan nsakrae yi. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ mmea hormone ayaresa na wɔabɛyɛ mmea no ne ɔkasa ho ɔyaresafo bi yɛ adwuma de sesa wɔn nne kɛse, wɔyɛ wɔn oprehyɛn a ɛma wɔn nne yɛ ɔbea, anaasɛ wɔn nne bɛkɔ so ayɛ nea emu dɔ.
• Mmea de:Mmabaa nso nya ɛnne nhama a ɛtrɛw kakra bere a wodu wɔn mpanyin afe so no. Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɔbea a wanyin nne hama tenten yɛ sɛntimita 1.25 kosi 1.75. Sɛ wɔnom testosterone hormone therapy (masculizing hormone therapy) na ama wɔabɛyɛ mmarima a, wɔn nne nhama nso sõ na ɛware. Ne saa nti, wɔn nne mu dɔ.

Bere a nnipa binom nyin no, wɔn nne ntini ne ntini afoforo a ɛwɔ anom no yɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛkasa.

Nyarewa bɛn na ɛka ɛnne ntini no?

Yɛn nne ntini nso tumi nya nyarewa ahorow. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.

Tebea horow a wɔtaa hu:

• Laryngitis: Eyi yɛ ɛnne ntini a ɛyɛ hyew. Eyi betumi ama wo nne ayɛ dede, ayɛ mmerɛw, ayɛ dede, anaa ayɛ dede. Ebetumi afi nea wɔde di dwuma boro so, ɔyare mmoawa, sigaretnom, ne acid a ɛsan kɔ nipadua no mu bere tenten (GERD - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) .
• Vocal Cord Nodules, Polyps ne Cysts: Eyinom yɛ nyin a ɛnyɛ kokoram (a ɛnyɛ papa). Nodules ne polyps yɛ akuru a ɛyɛ den, bere a cysts yɛ kotoku a nsu ahyɛ mu ma. Eyinom nso betumi ama wo nne ayɛ mmerɛw, ayɛ dede, anaasɛ enni hɔ koraa. Nea ɛtaa de ba ne sɛ wobɛma wo nne ayɛ basaa (de di dwuma boro so anaasɛ wode di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so). Nneɛma afoforo a ɛde ba ne sigaretnom, sinusitis , ne akisikuru.
• Ɛnne Nhama a Ɛyɛ Paralysis: Eyi ne bere a ɛnne nhama no ntumi mmue anaasɛ ntoto mu sɛnea ɛsɛ. Eyi betumi ama ayɛ den sɛ ɔbɛkasa, ahome, na wamene. Tebea ahorow a ɛsɛe ntini ahorow no betumi ama ntini a ɛwɔ ɛnne nhama no mu no agyae adwumayɛ yiye. Eyi betumi ama ɛnne no ayɛ te sɛ nea ɔhome, anaasɛ ɛbɛma ayɛ den sɛ wobɛfefe anaasɛ wobɛtew wo menewam.

Tebea horow a wɔntaa nhu:

• Ahurututu mu Kokoram: Kokoram betumi aba ahurututu no afã horow, a ɛnne nhama ka ho.
• Laryngospasm: Eyi yɛ ɛnne nhama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw mpofirim, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome na wakasa. Saa akisikuru yi yɛ nea wɔnhwɛ kwan na mpɛn pii no ennu simma biako.
• Muscle Tension Dysphonia (MTD): Eyi ba bere a ntini a ɛwɔ wo ti ne wo kɔn mu no yɛ adwuma boro so no. Wokyekye ntini a ɛwɔ wo hwene mu, akyi, anaa abien no nyinaa mu den. Saa ntini a ɛyɛ den yi betumi ama ayɛ den ama wo nne nhama no sɛ ɛbɛkɔ baabiara a ɛnyɛ den, na ama woate nka sɛ ɛyɛ den na ɛnyɛ wo dɛ wɔ wo menewa ne/anaasɛ wo kɔn mu.
• Reinke Edema: Eyi yɛ tebea a nsu boaboa ano wɔ baabi a ɛnne nhama no wɔ a wɔfrɛ no ‘Reinke ahunmu’ na ɛho ahonhon. Eyi betumi ama ɛnne no ayɛ dede na ɛnne no so atew.
• Spasmodic Dysphonia a Ɛyɛ Fɛ:Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ a sɛ wobɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛkasa a, wo nne nhama mu yɛ den anaasɛ ɛyɛ den.
• Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction (ILO): Saa tebea yi ma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobebue ɛnne nhama no, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhome. Wɔsan frɛ eyi Vocal Cord Dysfunction .

Dɛn ne nne ntini mu nyarewa ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gyina tebea pɔtee a ɛka ɛnne nhama no so, nanso sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛtaa ba:

• Ɛnne a ɛyɛ den.
• Ɛnne a wɔhwere.
• Ɛnne a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ aso a ɛyɛ brɛoo.
• Nsakrae a ɛba ɛnne mu, titiriw nsakrae a ɛba fi ɛnne a ɛkorɔn so kɔ ɛnne a ɛba fam so anaasɛ ɛyɛ dede.
• Ɔfefe mpɛn pii, ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛmene, anaa kɔn mu yaw.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛmene, wobɛkasa, anaa wobɛhome.

Akwan bɛn na wɔfa so sɔ ɛnne nhama no hwɛ?

Sɛ wo nne sesa (te sɛ wo nne a ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkasa) bɛboro adapɛn abien a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ɛdenam wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so no, ebia ebehia sɛ wokɔ nne ho ɔbenfo anaa aso, hwene, ne menewa (ENT) ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wokɔ anom ho oduruyɛfo, oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ anom nyarewa ho, anaa ɔkasa ne kasa mu nyarewa ho ɔbenfo a ne ho akokwaw.

Sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obebisa w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm na wayɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu. Nea ɛka ho no, wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ:

• CT scan anaa MRI: Saa mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi ahwehwɛ akuru, akisikuru, anaa akisikuru wɔ wo menewa mu.
• Bacterial Culture Test: Ebia oduruyɛfo no begye nhwɛsode bi afi wo menewam de ahwɛ sɛ mmoawa a ebetumi de ɔyare mmoawa aba wo mu anaa.
• Laryngoscopy: Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no de afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa (laryngoscope) a kanea ne mfoninitwa afiri wom hyɛ wo nne mu na ɔhwehwɛ wo nne nhama mu.
• Videostroboscopy: Eyi te sɛ laryngoscopy, nanso ɛde kanea soronko bi di dwuma sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a oduruyɛfo no betumi ahu sɛnea wo nne nhama wosow.
• Biopsy: Oduruyɛfo no betumi agye ntini bi afi wo nne ntini mu na wahwɛ sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Laryngeal Electromyography (LEMG): Saa nhwehwɛmu yi betumi aboa ma wɔahu sɛ ɛnne nhama no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛsusuw sɛnea wo ntini ahorow di ntini ahorow a ɛwɔ wo hwene mu no so.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa ɛnne ntini mu nyarewa?

Ayaresa nso gyina sɛnea yare no te so. Ayaresa a wɔtaa yɛ no bi ne:

• Ɛnne no a wɔde home (ɛnyɛ kasa anaa nnwom - ɛnne home).
• Nnuru a ɛtew ɔfe ne ɛyaw so.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ de yi nneɛma te sɛ akuru ne akisikuru.
• Ɛnne Ayaresa: Eyi betumi aboa ma wo nne nhama no asa anaasɛ akyerɛ wo sɛnea wode bedi dwuma yiye. Ebetumi nso aboa wo ma wode ahotoso ne tumidi kɛse akasa.

Dɛn na yebetumi ayɛ na ama yɛn nne nhama akɔ so ayɛ yiye?

Yɛn nne yɛ biribi a ɛsom bo paa ma yɛn. Enti ɛnne nhama yi a wobɛma ayɛ yiye nso ho hia yiye. Ade a eye sen biara ne sɛ wode bedi dwuma yiye, a worenhyɛ wɔn den.

Mmommɔ saa nneɛma yi din:

• Wo nne a wobɛbrɛ denam nea wode bedi dwuma dodo (kasa a wobɛkasa dodo, nnwom a wobɛto dodo) so.
• Sɛ wo nne te nka sɛ ɛyɛ dede anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw a, bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛkasa anaa wobɛto dwom.
• Sigaretnom, sigaret wusiw a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu.
• Nteɛteɛm a wobɛteɛteɛm bere tenten, anaasɛ kasa a ɛyɛ sereserew. Saa nneɛma abien yi nyinaa ma ɛnne nhama no mu yɛ den.

Yɛ saa nneɛma yi:

• Sɛ wowɔ GERD/LPRD , ma wɔnyɛ no yiye.
• Nom nsu a ɛdɔɔso da biara na ma wo nipadua no nnya nsu.
• Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wɔte wo nne wɔ akyirikyiri a, fa afiri a wɔde kasa di dwuma.
• Twe wo ho fi mmeae a mfutuma pii wɔ na nnuru a ano yɛ den wɔ hɔ.
• Sɛ wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa a, tew kasa dodow (ne ne nne kɛse) so.
• Sɛ wokasa anaa woto dwom a, sua sɛnea wobɛhome akɔ wo nipadua a ɛwɔ fam no mu, na ɛnyɛ wo koko mu.
• Titiriw wɔ wim tebea a ɛyɛ kusuu mu (te sɛ awɔw bere) no, fa ade a ɛma mframa yɛ hyew di dwuma na ama mframa a wohome no akɔ so ayɛ nwini.

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

Wo nne nhama ne nea ɛboa wo ma wokasa, to dwom, na wohome mpo. Ɛwom sɛ wɔyɛ nketewa de, nanso wo nnamfo ne w’abusuafo betumi ahu wo denam nnyigyei a wɔyɛ bere a wɔwosow no so.

Bɔ wo nne nhama ho ban fi ɔbrɛ ho. Mma nhyɛ wɔn den denam kasa a wobɛkasa denneennen anaa nnwom a wobɛto akyɛ dodo so. Kwati sigaretnom (a wusiw a wɔde di dwuma ka ho), na nom nsu pii. Mfa wo nne nhama nni dwuma ɔkwammɔne so na ma wo nne nyɛ papa. Ne nyinaa akyi no, wo nne yɛ agyapade a ɛsom bo ma wo!

` Ɛnne, ɛnne nhama, ahurututu, menewa mu nyarewa, nne a wɔkora so, ahurututu mu yare, nne mu nsakrae