So woate Apo B nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hu nea wo srade yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no ho asɛm?

Ebia woate Apo B (apolipoprotein B) sɔhwɛ yi ho asɛm. Anaasɛ ebia ɛyɛ biribi foforo. Nanso, eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛma wuhu yɛn koma akwahosan ho nsɛm a ɛho hia pii. Enti, momma yɛnka ho asɛm nnɛ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wubetumi ate ase so? Te sɛ nea wo ne w’adamfo bi rekasa.

Dɛn ankasa ne Apo B? Dɛn na ɛsusuw?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Apo B yɛ protein a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu. Ne din de Apolipoprotein B-100 . Ɛsoa nneɛma bi di akɔneaba wɔ yɛn mogya mu. Nanso ɛsan nso kura srade "bɔne" bi. So woate LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) srade ho asɛm? Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no "srade bɔne." Na ɔkwan bi a wɔfrɛ no VLDL (Very Low-Density Lipoprotein) nso ne Apo B yi tu kwan.

Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ bɔs. Cholesterol bɔne (LDL, VLDL) nkutoo na ɛtu kwan wɔ bɔs yi mu. Cholesterol pa, kyerɛ sɛ, HDL (High-Density Lipoproteins) , ntu kwan wɔ bɔs yi mu. Enti, Apo B dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya no mu no kyerɛ sɛ srade nketenkete a enye pii wɔ hɔ. Saa srade bɔne yi ne nea ɛkɔ yɛn mogya ntini no afasu so, na ɛyɛ srade a ɛyɛ den a yɛfrɛ no "plaque" . Bere kɔ so no, saa nneɛma yi betumi asiw mogya ntini no mu na asiw mogya no kwan. Ɛno ne bere a asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare ne mogya ntini mu yare (yɛfrɛ no koma ne ntini mu yare ho asiane ) no kɔ soro.

Nnuruyɛfo binom ka sɛ Apo B nhwehwɛmu no betumi ama wɔanya komayare ho mfonini a edi mu sen srade ho nhwehwɛmu a wɔtaa yɛ no (yɛfrɛ no Lipid Panel ). Efisɛ srade bɔne biara wɔ Apo B molecule biako. Enti, sɛ wohwɛ Apo B dodow no a, wubetumi ahu srade a enye a ɛwɔ mu no dodow pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Bere bɛn na wɔyɛ Apo B sɔhwɛ?

Tebea ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a oduruyɛfo betumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ Apo B nhwehwɛmu:

• Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare no yiye a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a nea efi srade mu srade mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den mu ba no mma wunhu nea edi mũ. Afei eyi so wɔ mfaso sɛ nsɛm foforo.
• Wobetumi nso de sɔhwɛ yi adi dwuma de ahu sɛnea aduru no tu mpɔn bere a woafi ase anom nnuru te sɛ statins a ɛbɛma wo srade so atew akyi.
• Nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ wɔ nnipa binom fam, titiriw wɔn a wɔwɔ metabolic syndrome anaa asikreyare , Apo B nhwehwɛmu no betumi ayɛ nea ɛkyerɛ komayare ho asiane yiye sen lipid panel. Eyi te saa efisɛ ebia LDL srade nketenkete a ɛwɔ saa nnipa yi mu no sua anaasɛ ɛyɛ den, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobegyina LDL dodow a wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ nkutoo so akyerɛ asiane a ebetumi aba no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Wo de susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a yebetumi ahu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ yebenya yare bi ansa na yɛada sɛnkyerɛnne biara adi a, anka ɛbɛyɛ nea ɛsom bo dɛn? Ɛno ne nea Apo B sɔhwɛ yi yɛ.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn asiesie wo ho ama Apo B sɔhwɛ yi? So wopɛ sɛ woyɛ ade kɛse bi?

Kae eyi:

• Sɛ woreyɛ Apo B sɔhwɛ no nkutoo a, enhia sɛ wudi mmuada nnɔnhwerew pii.
• Nanso, mpɛn pii no, wɔyɛ Lipid Panel nso ka Apo B sɔhwɛ yi ho. Sɛ woreyɛ Lipid Panel a, ɛnsɛ sɛ wudi anaa wonom biribiara bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew 12. Ɛnyɛ hwee sɛ wobɛnom nsu. Nokwarem no, sɛ obi nom nsu pii ansa na wanom mogya a, ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma onipa a ɔrenom mogya no sɛ obehu ntini no.
• Da a wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhyɛ atade a nsa tiaa. Saa kwan no so no, ɛho renhaw wo ho sɛ wobɛbobɔw wo nsateaa atenten no.

Sɛ woyɛ sɔhwɛ no a, dɛn na ɛba? So biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro?

Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Ɛyɛ ade koro no ara a woyɛ bere a wode mogya ma no.

1. Nea edi kan no, wɔbɛtra akongua bi so na wɔaka akyerɛ wo sɛ trɛw wo nsa mu. Wubetumi de wo nsa ato nkongua no nsateaa so.

2. Afei, wɔde rɔba (tourniquet) kyekyere wo nsa a ɛwɔ soro no honam ani denneennen. Eyi ma mogya no brɛ ase na ɛma ntini no da adi yiye.

3. Afei, wɔde biribi te sɛ nsa popa baabi a wɔde ade no bɛhyɛ mu no.

4. Afei wɔde ade ketewaa bi ahyɛ ntini no mu.

5. Wɔnam saa ade no so boaboa mogya kakra ano gu toa ketewa (tube) mu.

Ɛno ne no! Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro. Ɛte sɛ nea ntɛtea ketewaa bi rebɔ wo.

Dɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ kwan wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Sɛ ɔyarehwɛfo anaa oduruyɛfo boafo no fa mogya no wie a, ɔbɛyɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Oyi rɔba a wɔde kyekyere ne nsateaa ho no.
• Wɔde nsa na ɛtwe ade no fi mu.
• Wɔde kotoku anaa gauze bi mia baabi a wɔde ade no guu mu no so kakra.
• Afei wɔde aduru ketewaa bi a wɔde kyekyere wɔn ho (wobetumi ayi eyi akyiri yi wɔ da no mu).

Nnipa dodow no ara nte nka sɛ wɔn ho nyɛ wɔn dɛ bere a wɔde mogya ama akyi na wobetumi akɔ so ayɛ adwuma sɛnea wɔtaa yɛ no. Nanso, ebia nnipa binom bɛte nka sɛ wɔn adwene mu yɛ wɔn naa kakra anaasɛ wɔn ho totɔ piti. Sɛ ɛba saa a, tena ase kakra kosi sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo. Ebia wubenya ahotɔ denam wo ti a wode besi fam wɔ wo nkotodwe ntam bere a wote hɔ no so, anaasɛ wobɛnom nsu bi anaa nnuaba anonne bi so.

Sɛ wote nka bere nyinaa sɛ wo ho yɛ wo yaw bere a wode mogya rema a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛma obi aka wo kar.

Beae a wɔtwee mogya no betumi adan bruu na ayɛ te sɛ akuru nnansa kosi nnansa. Hwɛ yiye na woremfa wo nsa nka wo nsa kosi sɛ akuru no bɛsa.

Dɛn ne nea efi mu ba a yenya? Dɛn na wɔka kyerɛ yɛn?

Wɔtaa de wo Apolipoprotein B-100 nhwehwɛmu mu aba no ma wɔ miligram wɔ deciliter biara mu (mg/dL). Saa bo yi betumi afi 20 kosi 400 mg/dL.

• Sɛ wo Apo B dodow boro 130 mg/dL a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya komayare ne mogya ntini mu yare.

Sɛnea komayare ho animdefo binom akwankyerɛ kyerɛ no, eye sɛ wɔbɛma Apo B dodow akɔ fam sen 65 mg/dL anaa 80 mg/dL ama nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 40 kosi 75 a wɔrenom nnuru a wɔfrɛ no statin de atew srade so.

Dɛn ne Apo B dodow a ɛfata?

Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, Apo B dodow a ɛwɔ obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mu no te sɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Mmarima: efi 66 kosi 133 mg/dL
• Ɔbea: ɛwɔ 60 kosi 117 mg/dL

Dɛn na ɛde Apo B dodow a ɛkɔ soro ba?

Ebia wo Apo B sɔhwɛ mu aba no bɛyɛ kɛse esiane nneɛma a edidi so yi nti:

• Bere a wɔyem no.
• Cholesterol a ɛdɔɔso.
• Tebea ahorow a ɛfa asaabo ho te sɛ nephrotic syndrome .

Dɛn na ɛde Apo B dodow a ɛba fam ba?

Ebia wo Apo B sɔhwɛ no aba fam esiane nneɛma a edidi so yi nti:

• Ɔyare mmoawa a emu yɛ den te sɛ sepsis .
• Mmɛn mu yare.
• Hormone a wɔfrɛ no estrogen a wɔnom .

Bere tenten ahe na egye na obi ahu sɔhwɛ no mu aba?

Ebetumi agye nna pii ansa na nea afi Apo B sɔhwɛ no mu aba no asan aba. Ɛnyɛ lab nyinaa na ɛyɛ pɛ. Enti, bisa wo duruyɛfo bere a wubetumi ahwɛ nea ebefi mu aba no kwan.

Sɛ nneɛma a ɛnteɛ wɔ nea efi mu ba no mu a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi?

Sɛ wo Apo B dodow dɔɔso a, ɛda adi sɛ wo duruyɛfo no de afotu koro no ara bɛma wo te sɛ nea wo LDL srade (srade bɔne) dɔɔso no.

Ebia eyinom bi ne:

• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ simma 30 da biara.
• Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wode nnuaba ne nhabannuru bɛka w’aduan ho.
• Srade a ɛwɔ aduan mu a wɔbɛtew so.
• Wo mu duru a ɛfata a wobɛkɔ so akura mu ma wo tenten.
• Twa a wɔde yɛ nneɛma (te sɛ sigaret) a wɔbɛtwe wɔn ho koraa.
• Nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew a wɔnom.

Wɔyɛ eyinom nyinaa de boa ma wo koma nya apɔwmuden.

So Apo B ne LDL yɛ ade koro?

Dabi, Apo B ne LDL nyɛ ade koro. Nanso, sɛ wunim Apo B dodow a wowɔ wɔ wo mogya mu a, ebetumi ama woanya srade bɔne (LDL) dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ho adwene pa. Efisɛ, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, Apo B na ɛde saa LDL nneɛma nketenkete yi kɔ.

Apo B sɔhwɛ yi taa gye sika ahe?

Sɔhwɛ yi ho ka betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ lab biara mu. Egyina sɛ ebia wowɔ insurance nso so. Enti, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo anaa lab no ma wanya nsɛm pii.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae (Take-Home Message) .

Sɛ wuhu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya komayare anaa akisikuru a, ebetumi aboa wo ma woasisi w’akwahosan ho gyinae a ɛfata. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo pɛ sɛ ohu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no ho nsɛm pii sen sɛnea srade mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den (Lipid Panel) betumi de ama a, obetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ Apo B nhwehwɛmu.

Eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den koraa, nanso ebetumi ama woanya nsɛm pii a ɛho hia a wuhia na ama woanya apɔwmuden, anaasɛ wobɛyɛ nsakrae nketenkete wɔ w’asetra mu.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa nea efi mu ba anaa ayaresa ho a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa. Nsuro sɛ wobɛbisa. Efisɛ eyinom nyinaa yɛ nea ɛbɛma woanya apɔwmuden.

` Apo B, apolipoprotein B, srade, komayare, LDL, VLDL, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, koma ne ntini mu yare