So wo ba no hwɛ wo kɛkɛ? Ebetumi ayɛ ‘Absence Seizure’! So yɛbɛkasa?

So woahu pɛn sɛ wo ba kumaa no hwɛ wo mpofirim bere a wabɔ anaa watie biribi a woka awie no? Ɛte sɛ nea onni wiase yi mu. Sɛ wo ne no rekasa a, ɔmmua wo. Sikɔne kakraa bi akyi no, ɔsan ba sɛnea na ɔte kan no. Ebia wubesusuw sɛ, "Oh, wayera kɛkɛ wɔ dae wiase bi mu." Nanso ɛtɔ da bi a, ɛnyɛ mmerɛw sɛnea yesusuw no. Eyi betumi ayɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no absence seizure .

Dɛn ne ‘Absence Seizure’ yi? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Absence seizure, a wɔsan frɛ no petit mal seizure, yɛ tebea tiawa bi a ɛte sɛ akisikuru. Ɛba bere a wunnim nneɛma a atwa wo ho ahyia koraa no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, woreyɛ biribi, wo ne obi rekasa, anaa woretie biribi, na mpofirim ara wugyae . Efi ase a wɔmfa kɔkɔbɔ biara mma , na mpɛn pii no ɛkyɛ sikɔne abiɛsa kosi dunum. Afei wofa baabi a wugyaee no, te sɛ nea biribiara nsii.

Afei, sɛ obi a onnim eyi yiye hu a, ebia obesusuw sɛ woreso dae, anaasɛ w’adwene wɔ baabi foforo, anaasɛ woremfa w’adwene nsi nea wɔreka no so. Nanso nea ɛrekɔ so ankasa ne akisikuru ketewaa bi a ɛba w’amemene mu, tebea a ɛte sɛ akisikuru. Saa ‘Absence Seizure’ yi yɛ akisikuru a ɛkɔ so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so . Eyi yɛ ahorow abien, ``typical'' ne ``atypical''. Nea eye sen biara ne sɛ oduruyɛfo betumi de nnuru aboa ma wɔadi tebea yi so.

Akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no abu so dɛn? Hena na ɔtaa nya wɔn?

Akontaabu mu no, wobu akontaa sɛ mmofra 100,000 biara a wonnii mfe 15 biara mu asia kosi awotwe nya saa ‘akisikuru a ɛma obi nni hɔ’ yi afe biara. Nanso, ɛnyɛ nea abu so saa wɔ mpanyimfo mu. Wɔtaa hu no wɔ mmofra nkumaa mu.

Dɛn ne tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne? Woyɛ dɛn hu no?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru a onni hɔ no bi ne:

• Mpofirim ara, bere tiaa bi mu no, wohwɛ wo denneennen, te sɛ "ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw."
• Merehwere nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ me ho.
• Nneɛma a na woreyɛ bere a na wowɔ Kaesarean (te sɛ ɔkasa ne nantew) no gyae koraa.
• Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia nsa anaa ano a wobɛbɔ, ti a wobɛdan, anaasɛ wobɛkeka wo ho a ɔmpɛ (te sɛ anofafa a wobɛbɔ). Yɛfrɛ eyinom ``automatic movements''.

Sɛ wɔka Kaesare wie a:

• Wubetumi asan afi nea wugyaee no ase.
• Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ worehwere nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ wo ho no.
• Ɛtɔ da bi mpo a , ebia worenhu sɛ biribiara asi., mete nka sɛ meredwen nneɛma ho yiye na mewɔ honhom pa mu.

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi aba mpɛn pii da biara, anaasɛ ɛntaa mma, te sɛ pɛnkoro wɔ adapɛn anaa asram kakraa biara mu.

So w’adwene mu da hɔ bere a wowɔ absence seizure no?

Dabi, wunnim bere a absence seizure rekɔ so no . Esiane sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba wɔ sikɔne kakraa bi mu nti, saa bere tiaa mu ɔhaw yi betumi aka nkɔmmɔbɔ anaa dwumadi a na woreyɛ no anaasɛ ɛrenka. Afei wubetumi asan akɔ so bere a akisikuru no aba awiei ara pɛ.

Nanso, sɛ wunya akisikuru mprenu anaa nea ɛboro saa a ɛtoatoa so a, ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea w’adwene atu afra na nneɛma afoforo a atwa wo ho ahyia no bɛtwetwe w’adwene. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia wobɛpa akwankyerɛ a efi wo kyerɛkyerɛfo hɔ anaa biribi a obi kae wɔ nkɔmmɔbɔ bi mu bere a worenya akisikuru no.

Bere tenten ahe na Kaesare yi adi?

Mpɛn pii no, ``akisikuru a ɛtaa ba a obi nni hɔ'' no di fi sikɔne abiɛsa kosi dunum (``sekan 3-15``). ``Atypical absence seizure'' betumi akyɛ.

Dɛn nti na akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, anyinam ahoɔden a ɛpae mpofirim fi ntini a ɛwɔ w’amemene mu no mu na ɛde ba . Saa ntini ahorow yi nya akwankyerɛ a ɛnteɛ na ɛde anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne pii kɔ amemene no afã horow.

Nhwehwɛmufo gye di sɛ ebia awosu mu ade bi wɔ tebea yi mu. Nhwehwɛmu da so ara kɔ so wɔ sɛnea wɔde tebea no fi awo ntoatoaso so kɔ awo ntoatoaso so ne awosu mu nkwaadɔm pɔtee a ɛka ho no ho.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛkanyan tebea yi?

`Triggers` yɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ wo mpɔtam a ebetumi akanyan saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi. Nneɛma te sɛ eyinom betumi ama obi anya akisikuru a onni hɔ:

• Akanea a ɛhyerɛn na ɛhyerɛn.
• Ahome a wɔhome denneennen na emu dɔ (hyperventilating) .

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya eyi?

Ebia wobɛkɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya absence seizure sɛ wo:

• Sɛ obi nya akisikuru foforo (te sɛ ``grand mal seizures'', ``myoclonus'', anaa ``atonic seizures'').
• Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuru bi a wɔde sa akisikuru (sɛ nhwɛso no, phenytoin, carbamazepine, ne gabapentin) betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya akisikuru a enni hɔ no ayɛ kɛse.

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa absence seizures ho wɔ mmofra mu

Ɛwom sɛ akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no betumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu de, nanso ɛtaa ba mmofra nkumaa so. Wɔtaa fi ase wɔ mfe 3 kosi 13 ntam, na ɛdɔɔso sen biara bɛyɛ mfe 6-7.

So absence seizure yɛ asiane?

"Mpɛn pii no eyinom nyɛ asiane."

Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ wɔtaa ntra hɔ bere tiaa bi, na akisikuru ntaa mma. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wunya absence seizure bere a wugyina hɔ a, ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi sɛ wobɛhwe fam. Mmom no, wobɛtena baabi a wowɔ no simma kakraa bi.

Nsɛnnennen bɛn na eyi betumi de aba?

Ɛgyina absence seizure ko a wowɔ ne mpɛn dodow a ɛba so no, nneɛma yi betumi asi:

• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wode w’adwene besi biribi so.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobedi akwankyerɛ ahorow akyi.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛsua ade wɔ sukuu mu.
• Nnipa a wopirapira wɔ akwanhyia mu ba.

Afei nso, dwumadi ahorow a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde adwene si so koraa – te sɛ karka, asuguare, ne nantew – betumi ayɛ nea ahobammɔ wom kosi sɛ wɔbɛma tebea no adi so. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛbɛma woatumi asiw wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ano, na wubetumi ayɛ saa dwumadi ahorow yi dwoodwoo. Wo duruyɛfoɔ nso bɛkyerɛ wo sɛdeɛ wobɛtena dwoodwoo sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu sɛ obi anya akisikuru a obi nni hɔ no pɛpɛɛpɛ?

Oduruyɛfo bi behu sɛ obi anya akisikuru a onni hɔ bere a wɔayɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu ne nhwehwɛmu afoforo awie no. Bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no, wo duruyɛfo no bebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho asɛm. Ɛho hia sɛ wokae sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a worehyia ne nea esii ansa na worenya akisikuru no, bere a worenya akisikuru no, ne bere a worenya akisikuru no akyi. Sɛ nsɛm yi sisi wɔ sukuu anaa adwumam a, wo ne obi a wo ne no bɔ bere pii nkasa na bisa sɛ wahu nneyɛe bi a ɛyɛ soronko anaa.

Wubetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ eyi:

• Hyperventilation test: Sɛ obi home denneennen dodo (hyperventilating) a, ebetumi ama obi anya akisikuru a obi nni hɔ. Oduruyɛfo bi bɛka akyerɛ wo anaa wo ba no sɛ ɔnkɔ so mmɔ krataa anaa agode mframa a wɔde bɔ abɛn so bɛyɛ simma abien.
• EEG (electroencephalogram) sɔhwɛ: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔde nneɛma a ɛma wohu nneɛma gu wo ti honam ani de hwɛ anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi a ɛwɔ w’amemene mu. Wɔnam amemene mu asorɔkye pɔtee bi so hu akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ.
• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) anaa CT scan (computed tomography scan): Saa mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi hwehwɛ biribiara a ɛnteɛ wɔ amemene no mu a ebetumi ama obi anya akisikuru.
• Mogya ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi na ama wɔahu sɛ ebia aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛde akisikuru no reba anaa.

Mpɛn pii no, nnipa a wonnim sɛ worenya absence seizure no betumi adi mfomso aka sɛ ɛyɛ agoru anaa dae. Wɔ nnipa pii fam no, ntease a ɛnteɛ yi betumi ama wɔakyɛ wɔ sɛnea wobehu yare no mu.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda ‘Typical’ ne ‘Atypical’ Absence Seizures ntam?

Akisikuru ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ: ‘typical’ ne ‘atypical’.

• Wɔ absence seizure a ɛtaa ba mu no, nea ɛba ara ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ wo ho denneennen na w’adwene atu afra.
• Wɔ akisikuru a ɛnyɛ nea ɛtaa ba a obi nni hɔ mu no, wubetumi ahu nipadua mu nneyɛe afoforo te sɛ hwɛ a wobɛhwɛ no denneennen na woahwere w’adwene, ne aniwa a wobɛbɔ ne nsa a wobɛwosow nso. Mpɛn pii no, eyinom kyɛ sen nea wɔtaa de di dwuma no. Mpɛn pii no, akisikuru a ɛnyɛ nea ɛtaa ba bere a obi nni hɔ no ne akisikuru ahorow afoforo bom na ɛda adi sɛ ɛbɛka mmofra a wontumi nsua ade ne akisikuru a emu yɛ den.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?

Wɔde nnuru a ekum akisikuru sa akisikuru a obi nni hɔ . Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow mu na wakamfo aduru bi a ɛfata wo akyerɛ wo.

Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, sɛ woannye nnuru a wɔde ma wo no yiye a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo aduan a ɛma ketogenic akyerɛ wo . Eyi yɛ adidi nhyehyɛe a srade pii wom, a carb kakraa bi na ɛwom. Ɛwom sɛ aduruyɛ mu adanse kakraa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛfoa mfaso a ɛwɔ aduan a ɛte sɛɛ so ma kokoram a ɛte sɛɛ de, nanso ebetumi aboa nnipa binom.

Sɛ wontumi mfa nnuru ne asetra mu nsakrae nsiw sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so a, oduruyɛfo betumi asusuw ho sɛ wɔbɛyɛ no oprehyɛn .

Nnuru a wɔde ma

Oduruyɛfo betumi akyerɛw nnuru yi mu biako de asa akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no:

• `Ethosuximide (Zarontin ®)`
• `Lamotrigine (Lamictal ®)`
• `Topiramate (Topamax ®)`
• `Valproate (Depakene ®)`

Nnuru bi a ɛko tia akisikuru – sɛ nhwɛso no, phenytoin, carbamazepine, gabapentin, pregabalin, ne vigabatrin – ntaa mfa nsa akisikuru a obi nni hɔ. Wobetumi ama akisikuru no ayɛ kɛse.

Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛma wo duruyɛfo ahu sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den anaasɛ wunya ɔhaw biara a efi w’aduru no mu ba a. Ebia wubenya ahotɔ denam nnuru dodow a wobɛsesa anaasɛ wobɛdan akɔ aduru foforo so no so.

Hena na nnuruyɛfo kuw no reboa wo?

Nnuruyɛfo kuw bi bɛboa wo ma woadi wo akisikuru a ɛba bere a wunni hɔ no ho dwuma. Ebia kuw yi bi ne:

• Ntini mu yare ho animdefo
• Abusua nnuruyɛfo (Nnuruyɛfo a wɔhwɛ ayarefo titiriw - PCPs) .
• Aduan ho abenfo
• Adwene mu akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo

So wobetumi asiw akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no ano?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no ano wɔ nea edi kan no mu. Eyi fi awosu mu nneɛma titiriw. Nanso, sɛ wohu wie a, ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so asiw akisikuru ano ne sɛ wobɛnom w’aduru no sɛnea wɔakyerɛw ama wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ na wo ne wo duruyɛfo adi nkitaho kɛse.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ obi a ɔwɔ absence seizure hwɛ kwan?

Ɛwom sɛ enkyɛ de, nanso akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no sɛe ade kɛse. Ebia wo ntaa nnya bi anaasɛ wotaa nnya bi. Nnipa binom bɔ amanneɛ sɛ wonya akisikuru 10 kosi 30 a wɔnyɛ adwuma da biara. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, titiriw wɔ mmofra mu no, akisikuru ɔhaha pii betumi aba da biara. Wobetumi aka sɛnea wubetumi asua ade na wode w’adwene asi adwuma bi so. Nanso, ayaresa pa wɔ hɔ a wobetumi apaw, na mpɛn pii no nnuru tumi di sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so yiye.

Mmofra pii nyin sen wɔn akisikuru a ɛba bere a wonni hɔ no wɔ wɔn mmerantebere ne mmabaabere mu. Titiriw no, mmofra a wɔwɔ akisikuru a ɛba bere a wonni hɔ nkutoo na akisikuru foforo biara nni hɔ no taa nyin sen wɔn koraa.

Akisikuru betumi anya w’adwene mu akwahosan, ahotoso a wowɔ, ne obu a wowɔ ma wo ho so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Nnipa pii hu sɛ mfaso wɔ so sɛ wɔne adwenemyare ho ɔfotufo bi bɛkasa bere a wɔrenya ayaresa afoforo no.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu no yiye sɛ me ba no reda dae ara kwa anaasɛ ɔrenya absence seizure?

Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a ɛho hia paa. Ɔkwan a wobɛfa so ahu ntɛm ara sɛ wo ba no reda dae ne sɛ wo ne no bɛkasa.

• Awia dae: Mpɛn pii no efi mfonoe mu, na efi ase nkakrankakra. Sɛ wo ne no kasa a, ebia obebua wo.
• Absence Seizure: Sɛ wo ba no nya ‘absence seizure’ a, wɔrentumi nyɛ wo ho biribi wɔ akisikuru no mu. Wɔn adwene a wɔhwere no yɛ mpofirim na wontumi nsiw ano.

Fa no sɛ wo ba no redi agoru. Sɛ wobɔ wɔn din na wɔhwɛ wo na wobisa sɛ, "Dɛn na ɛrekɔ so, Maame/Papa?", ebia ɛyɛ adwene ara kwa. Nanso, sɛ wɔkɔ so hwɛ wo denneennen a wɔmmmua bere a woafrɛ wɔn mpɛn pii mpo a, ebetumi ayɛ akisikuru a ɛma obi nni hɔ.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ Childhood Absence Epilepsy (CAE) ne akisikuru a ɛtaa ba bere a obi nni hɔ no ntam?

Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wɔde akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no to Mmofra mu Akisikuru (CAE) mu ne:

• Mfe a wɔde fi ase: CAE ho sɛnkyerɛnne fi ase wɔ mmofraase, mpɛn pii no efi mfe 3 kosi 8.
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛsan ba: Akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ a ɛba bere a CAE ba no betumi aba mpɛn pii, mpɛn pii da biara, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛkɔ soro mpɛn 200 da biara.
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne ahorow: CAE sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no fi ase mpofirim na ɛtra hɔ sikɔne kakraa bi.

Akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no betumi aba a wonni kan nhu sɛ ɔwɔ akisikuru. Sɛ nhwɛso no, akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no betumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu, ɛsono sɛnea ɛtaa ba, na ebia ɛrensi wɔ ɔkwan pɔtee bi so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wususuw sɛ worenya akisikuru a ɛkyerɛ sɛ woanya akisikuru a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Mpɛn pii no, onipa a wo ne no nya bere pii no na odi kan hu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi, efisɛ ebia wunnim sɛ ɛreto wo.

Sɛ oduruyɛfo bi ahu sɛ wowɔ akisikuru a ɛba bere a wunni hɔ dedaw a, ma wo duruyɛfo nhu sɛ wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo bi, sɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den, anaasɛ sɛ wunya ɔhaw ahorow a efi w’aduru no mu ba a.

Nsɛmmisa a ɛho hia bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wobisa oduruyɛfo no?

Ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Dɛn nti na me/me ba nya saa akisikuru yi?
• Dwumadi ahorow bɛn na ahobammɔ wom a ɛsɛ sɛ me/me ba yɛ? Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekwati?
• Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn atumi asiw ‘absence seizure’ yi ano sɛ ɛremma daakye?
• Ayaresa bɛn na wokamfo kyerɛ?
• So nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ ayaresa no mu?

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Sɛ́ wobɛtra ase ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru a obi nni hɔ no betumi ayɛ basaa na ayɛ abasamtu. Esiane sɛ wuntumi nkyerɛ bere a wɔbɛba nti, wobetumi ayi wo afi biribiara a woreyɛ mu mpofirim. Fa no sɛ, woretie aseresɛm bi na akisikuru bi ba ansa na woatumi aka mmuae a ɛfata... Sɛ wosɔre a, obiara a watwa wo ho ahyia no reserew, nanso wuntumi nhu nea enti a ɛte saa.

Akisikuru a ɛba bere a obi nni hɔ no nkyɛ, nanso ebetumi aba mpɛn ɔhaha pii da biara. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo. Oduruyɛfo betumi aboa wo ma woadi saa akisikuru ahorow yi ho dwuma. Mpɛn pii no, nnuru a wɔde ko tia akisikuru betumi atew sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Eyi bɛma woakɔ so ayɛ w’adwene koraa na wo ne wiase a atwa wo ho ahyia no anya abusuabɔ bere nyinaa.

Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ ketewaa bi mpo sɛ wo anaa wo ba no wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, yɛsrɛ wo hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu. Sɛ wohu ntɛm na wɔsa no yare yiye a, ebetumi ama asetra ayɛ mmerɛw kɛse.

` absence akisikuru, petit mal, akisikuru, akisikuru, mmofra ayaresa, amemene mu anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi, EEG, akisikuru