So wowɔ nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte sɛ nsɔe wɔ wo mogya mu? Momma yensua (Acanthocytosis) ho ade!

So woate mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ho asɛm pɛn? Mpɛn pii no, wɔyɛ kurukuruwa, te sɛ bɔɔl nketewa a ɛyɛ tratraa. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi tumi sesa wɔn nsusuwii na ɛyɛ nwonwa, ɛyɛ nsɔe, na ɛyɛ nsɔe. Ɛno ne nea wɔfrɛ no aduruyɛ mu asɛmfua a wɔde frɛ saa tebea yi `(Acanthocytosis)`. Susuw ho hwɛ, Hela asɛmfua "acan" kyerɛ nsɔe, biribi te sɛ nsɔe. "Cyte" kyerɛ sɛ nkwammoaa bi. Enti, "nkwaboaa a ɛte sɛ nsɔe" ne eyi asekyerɛ a ɛnyɛ den.

Nokwarem no, yɛn nyinaa wɔ nkwammoaa a nsɔe wom (Acanthocytes) yi kakraa bi wɔ yɛn mogya mu. Mpɛn pii no, ɛnyɛ ɔhaw kɛse. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ saa nkwammoaa a nsɔe wom yi pii dodo wɔ wo mogya mu a, ɛno na ɔhaw nketenkete bi fi ase sɔre. Wunim nea ɛba? Yɛwɔ akwaa bi a wɔfrɛ no ahurututu . Ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ afiri a wɔde yiyi yɛn mogya mu. Nea akisikuru yɛ ne sɛ ehu nkwammoaa dedaw a asɛe wɔ mogya no mu na ɛsɛe no. Enti, sɛ saa mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a nsɔe wom no fa akyi berɛmo no mu a, ahurututu no susuw sɛ, "Oh, eyinom te sɛ nea ɛyɛ basabasa kakra, ɛnte sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛteɛ." Afei akisikuru no fi ase sɛe saa nkwammoaa a nsɔe wom yi ntɛmntɛm. Sɛ ɛba saa a, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no betumi atew. Wɔfrɛ eyi mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu anaa ``hemolytic anemia''. Ɛne sɛ mogya a enni nipadua mu a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛpaapae na ɛde ba. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, saa tebea a wɔfrɛ no ``Acanthocytosis'' yi nso betumi ayɛ nyarewa ne nsɛnnennen afoforo pii ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, sɛ wohu saa nsɔe nkwammoaa yi wɔ mogya no mu a, ebetumi aboa nnuruyɛfo nso ma wɔahu nyarewa afoforo a ɛda adi.

Enti, sɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na yebetumi anya esiane saa `(Acanthocytosis)` yi nti?

Sɛ wo akyi berɛmo sɛe mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ntɛmntɛm esiane sickle cell yare nti a, tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``hemolytic anemia'' ba. Ebia wubenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ:

• Wora ne aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ: Yɛsan frɛ eyi ``jaundice'', te sɛ nea ɛba bere a nnipa binom anya yellow fever no.
• Ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so a wobɛte nka: Ɛnyɛ ɔbrɛ nko, na mmom ɔbrɛ a wobɛte nka ɛmfa ho sɛnea wobɛda.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den: Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den a ɔte nka sɛ ɔbɔ mmɔden kakra mpo (dyspnea).
• Koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm: Te nka sɛ wo koko rebɔ ntɛmntɛm dodo bere mpo a wugyina hɔ ara kwa (tachycardia).
• Mogya a ɛwɔ nsuo mu: Ɛtɔ da bi a, nsuo no tumi dan kɔkɔɔ anaa bruu tuntum (hematuria).
• Yafunu mu yaw: Mpɛn pii no, eyi fi akyi berɛmo a ahonhon.

Wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi akyi no, sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo betumi aba a egyina yare a ɛhyɛ ase a ɛmaa saa nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yi bae wɔ wo nipadua mu no so. Susuw ho hwɛ, wɔ nnipa binom fam no:

• Wo mu duru so tew: Sɛ woyɛ akokoaa ketewa a, ebia onyin bɛyɛ brɛoo.
• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛma ntini no dwumadi yɛ biako: Te sɛ nea ɛkari pɛ (ataxia).
• Nipadua akwaa ahorow a obi ntumi nni so a ɔmpɛ: sɛ nhwɛso no, n’ani a ɔbɔ anaa ɔdannan ne kɔn (tics).
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wubesusuw nneɛma ho na woakae: Sɛ wote nka sɛ w’amemene no reyɛ brɛoo (adwene mu yare).
• Nnuan a wɔyam mu haw ahorow.
• Nsu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw: Eyi betumi aba bere a srade no ntumi nnye no yiye (steatorrhea).
• Nsu a ne kɔla yɛ tuntum.

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.

Dɛn nti na nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ nsensanee yi hyehyɛ yɛn mogya mu? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ade titiriw a ɛde `(Acanthocytosis)` ba ne nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no akyi nkwammoaa mu, kyerɛ sɛ, `(nkwaboaa mu ntini).` Saa nkwammoaa mu ntini yi yɛ srade `(lipids)` ne protein Enti, sɛ yare anaa tebea bi wɔ hɔ a ɛka nneɛma a ɛho hia yi a, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kurukuruwa a ɛfata no sesa na wofi ase nya saa nsusuwii a ɛte sɛ nsɔe no.

Saa ntini mu nkwammoaa a wɔayɛ mu nsakrae yi, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ɛnyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobeyiyi mu bere a ɛfa akyi berɛmo no mu no. Enti, akyi berɛmo no sɛe wɔn. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ́ anka akisikuru no bɛsɛe saa nkwammoaa yi no, ɛma wɔn akyi berɛmo no bi yɛ mmerɛw na ɛsan de kɔ mogya no mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔfrɛ saa stem cells a wɔasesa yi `(spur cells)`.

Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛde acanthocytosis ba no bi ni:

• Mmɛn mu yare a emu yɛ den: Mpɛn pii no, nkwammoaa a ɛma obi nya mmerɛbo mu yare a emu yɛ den, a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛde ne nkwa to asiane mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nnipa binom a wɔwɔ mmerɛbo mu yare no nya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no spur cell anemia (SPA). Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔwɔ spur cells wɔ wɔn mogya mu, na wɔn mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ nso sua.
• Abetalipoproteinemia: Eyi yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa, a efi awosu mu. Ɛne sɛ, wonya fi awofo hɔ ma mmofra. Saa yare yi ma nipadua no ntumi nnye srade ne vitamin a ɛtumi nwura sradeɛ mu (vitamins A, D, E, K) yie.
• Neuroacanthocytosis: Eyi nso yɛ awosu mu yare a ɛntaa nsi. Eyi ma obi ntumi nni nipadua no kankan so. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne chorea-acanthocytosis, McLeod syndrome, pantothenate-kinase associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), ne Huntington yare a ɛte sɛ 2.

Wɔ saa nneɛma atitiriw yi akyi no, tebea afoforo bi nso betumi de ``Acanthocytosis`` aba:

• Anorexia nervosa yɛ tebea a efi aduan ho akɔnnɔ a enni hɔ mu ba.
• Ntini a ɛma mogya tu no dwumadi so tew (Hypothyroidism).
• Myelodysplastic syndrome yɛ nnompe mu yare.
• Asaabo mu yare.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi akyi berɛmo no fi hɔ (splenectomy).
• Nnuru bi (sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru a ɛtew mogya mu srade so te sɛ ``statins'').

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu acanthocytosis?

Wo duruyɛfo betumi ahu acanthocytosis denam mogya a wɔde srasra nipadua no akyi (PBS) a ɔbɛyɛ so . Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobɛfa wo mogya no ketewaa bi na wode afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete ahwɛ. Eyi bɛkyerɛ pefee sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a ɛyɛ nsensanee yi wɔ hɔ.

Afei, sɛ wubehu nea ɛde saa srade a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yi ba ankasa a, ebehia sɛ woyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu bio. Eyinom ne:

• Mogya dodow a wɔde ma a edi mũ (CBC) .
• Mmɛn dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu
• Asaabo dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu
• Thyroid hormone nhwehwɛmu
• Mogya mu srade dodow ho nhwehwɛmu `(Lipid panel)`
• Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu: Hwɛ sɛ awosu mu nsakrae a ɛbata awosu mu nyarewa bi ho anaa.

Nea ɛka ho no, ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ mfoninitwa afiri a wɔde hwɛ sɛ ebia ntini anaa akwaa a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no asɛe anaa.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?

Ayaresa a wɔde sa acanthocytosis no gyina nea ɛde ba no so. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wɔsa tebea a ɛde ba no yiye a, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no san kɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no.

Susuw ho hwɛ, ayaresa a wɔde sa mmerɛbo mu yare ne tebea horow te sɛ ``Neuroacanthocytosis`` no atirimpɔw titiriw ne sɛ wobedi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa nyarewa yi koraa. Wɔtaa sɛe kɛse bere a bere kɔ so no. Nanso, wɔ mmerɛbo mu yare a emu yɛ den mu no, nsɛm bi wɔ hɔ a mmerɛbo a wɔde ma obi foforo nkutoo ne ayaresa.

Sɛ wowɔ awosu mu yare bi a wɔfrɛ no abetalipoproteinemia a, ebia ebehia sɛ wotew srade a ɛnyɛ papa a wudi so na wunya calories a ɛdɔɔso. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wonom vitamin a wɔde ma na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ wubenya vitamin a ɛdɔɔso (A, D, E, K) a ɛbɛma woanya mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw.

Sɛ anorexia anaa hypothyroidism na ɛde acanthocytosis ba a, mpɛn pii no tebea no bɛkɔ yiye bere a wɔasa tebea a ɛde ba no. Afei nso, sɛ wohu sɛ aduru bi na ɛde acanthocytosis no reba a, mpɛn pii no, tebea no befi hɔ bere a wɔagyae aduru no.

Sɛ mewɔ saa tebea yi a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan?

Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wobetumi de ayaresa asa tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no acanthocytosis koraa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no san kɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no.

Nanso, mpɛn pii no, nea ebefi w’akwahosan mu aba no gyina nea ɛmaa saa srade ntini yi nyin ne sɛnea wufi ase sa no ntɛm no so.

Sɛ nhwɛso no, nyarewa te sɛ `(Neuroacanthocytosis)` ne `(Abetalipoproteinemia)` betumi asɛe nipadua no ntini bere tenten. Nanso, sɛ wohu yare no na wɔsa no ntɛm a, ., betumi ama yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no akɔ so brɛoo.

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wowɔ `(Acanthocytosis)` a ɛwɔ mmerɛbo mu yare a, ebetumi ayɛ aniberesɛm kakra. Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ `(spur cell anemia)` a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no wuwu wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Enti, ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ahu wo tebea no ne oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ wo yare no. Ɔbɛhwɛ w’akwahosan nyinaa ne nea ɛde saa spur cells yi ba, na wakyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ wo so no mu.

So ɔkwan bi wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw saa `(Acanthocytosis)` yi ano?

Nokwarem no, sɛ awosu mu yare bi na ɛde acanthocytosis ba a, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw ano. Efisɛ ɛyɛ biribi a yenya fi awo mu. Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ yebenya saa tebea yi esiane nneɛma afoforo bi nti no so.

• Kwati nsanom anaa to ano hye: Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔasiw mmerɛbo mu yare a nsa de ba no ano.
• Di nnuan a ahoɔden wom: Ɛsɛ sɛ wo nipadua nya aduannuru a ɛfata na ama ayɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ. Sɛ wuhia mmoa a wode bɛpaw nnuan a ɛfata ama wo a, kɔ aduan ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn.
• Nya ayaresa ntɛm: Tebea horow bi a ɛde srade a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ba no betumi ayɛ nea emu yɛ den ntɛm ara sɛ wɔansa a. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi ara pɛ, ahu tebea no, na woafi ase sa yare no.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ m’akwahosan so?

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wubedi ayaresa a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo ama tebea a ɛde wo acanthocytosis ba no akyi.

Sɛ wowɔ awosu mu yare bi a wɔfrɛ no acanthocytosis a, susuw ho sɛ wubenya awosu mu afotu . Awosu mu ɔfotufo betumi atu wo fo wɔ sɛnea tebea no betumi aka wo ne w’abusua, ne sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ wode awosu mu nsakrae a ɛde ba no bɛma wo mma no ho.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• So ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhaw me sɛ menya saa nkwammoaa a nsɔe (Acanthocytes) yi wɔ me mogya mu?
• Sɔhwɛ afoforo bɛn na ebehia sɛ meyɛ na ama mahu nea ɛde eyi ba?
• Ayaresa bɛn na wohyɛ ho nyansa ma me?
• Nneɛma bɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ ebefi saa ayaresa ahorow yi mu aba?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ awosu ho ɔfotufo bi nkyɛn?

Awiei koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ meka sɛ... (Take-Home Message)

Sɛ nnuruyɛfo hu sɛ wowɔ wo a, wɔhwɛ sɛnea wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no te nso. Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ `(Acanthocytosis),` a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ wo mogya mu. Nha wo ho. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ayaresa betumi ama wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no asan ayɛ nea ɛfata. Anaasɛ, ebetumi aboa ma wɔadi yare a ɛde ba no so. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ wowɔ acanthocytes wɔ wo mogya mu a, ebetumi ayɛ tebea bi a emu yɛ den te sɛ mmerɛbo mu yare a emu yɛ den ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, wo duruyɛfo ne onipa a oye sen biara a ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea `(Acanthocytosis)` a wowɔ no ka w'akwahosan mu pɛpɛɛpɛ. Sɛ wutie nea ɔka na wudi ayaresa no akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mpɛn pii no wubetumi adi tebea no so.

` Acanthocytosis, Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, Scutellaria, Akisikuru, Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, Mmerɛbo mu yare