Sɛ ɔkraman taa wo mpofirim bere a wonam abɔnten so, anaasɛ woguan teateaa wɔ akwanhyia kɛse bi mu wɔ bere a wonhwɛ kwan mu a, dɛn na ɛbɛba wo nipadua so? Fa no sɛ... wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm, wo ho fifiri, wo home kɔ soro, w’ani trɛw, ɛnte saa? Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka nhyehyɛeɛ bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛsiesie yɛn nipadua ma ntɛmpɛ, tebea a ɛyɛ hu, anaa tebea a ɛyɛ adwennwen, na ɛma yɛn ahoɔden a yɛde bɛgyina tebea no ano anaa yɛbɛguan (Fight-or-Flight) ho asɛm. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) .
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) no?
Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ edin a ɛyɛ den, nanso nokwarem no, ɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa. Wo Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) no yɛ wo Autonomic Nervous System no fã. Yebetumi nso afrɛ no "automatic" nervous system. Ɛte saa efisɛ ɛhyɛ nneɛma pii a ɛkɔ so wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a yennim so nni so no so.
Fa no sɛ, wuntumi nni nneɛma te sɛ wo koma bɔ, wo mogya mmoroso, aduan a woyam, wo nsu a wobɛtow, ne wo fifiri so. Saa nneɛma no nyinaa si ara kwa. Saa SNS yi yɛ nhyehyɛe titiriw a ɛhwɛ nneɛma a ɛte saa so no fã.
Nanso wonim SNS titiriw sɛ ɛyɛ n’ade wɔ tebea horow a asiane wom anaa adwennwen mu , sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no. Wɔ mmere te sɛ eyinom mu no, wo SNS no bɔ wo nan mu na esiesie biribiara a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu na ama woagye wo afi saa asiane no mu.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa SNS yi yɛ adwuma wɔ asiane bere mu?
SNS no na ɛhwɛ yɛn "Fight-or-Flight" mmuae so. Ɛne sɛ, nipadua no a wobesiesie ama "ako anaasɛ aguan." Sɛ wote asiane anaa adwennwen kɛse nka a, SNS no yɛ adwuma na ɛyɛ nsakrae yi pii wɔ wo nipadua mu.
| Nipadua fã | Nsakrae a ɛba ne nea ɛde ba |
|---|---|
| Ani | Aniwa no ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no trɛw. Eyi ma hann pii hyɛn aniwa no mu, na ɛma aniwa no yɛ nnam na ɛboa ma wuhu nneɛma a atwa wo ho ahyia no yiye. |
| Akoma | Ɛma koma bɔ kɛse, na ɛma mogya a oxygen wom kɔ ntini ne akwaa afoforo mu ntɛmntɛm, na ɛma wunya ahoɔden a wode betu mmirika anaa ako. |
| Ahrawa | Mframa kwan no ntini ahorow no dwo, na ɛma mframa pa pii kɔ ahurututu no mu. |
| Nnuan a wɔyam | Ɛma aduan a wɔyam no gyae bere tiaa bi anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmuadadi pii. Ɛkora ahoɔden a anka ɛbɛkɔ aduan a wɔyam mu no so na ɛde saa ahoɔden no kɔ baabi a ehia kɛse saa bere no, te sɛ ntini ahorow no. |
| Brɛboɔ | Ahoɔden (asikre/glucose) a wɔkora so wɔ mmerɛbo no mu no kɔ mogya no mu ntɛm ara. Eyi ma nipadua no nya ahoɔden a wobetumi de adi dwuma ntɛm ara. |
Sɛ wɔka nsakrae yi nyinaa bom a, ɛboa ma wususuw nneɛma ho ntɛmntɛm, yɛ ade ntɛmntɛm, na ɛma w’ahoɔden, wo boasetɔ, ne wo nsusuwii yɛ kɛse. Saa SNS yi nso yɛ adwuma bere a wote adwennwen nka, te sɛ bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaa bere a woyare.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara no, saa SNS yi nso ka yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa ne nipadua no kuru a ɛsa no. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ sɛ opira bi si wɔ akwanhyia mu a, ɛboa ma wofi adeyɛ a ehia na ama wɔasa no ase ntɛm no ase.
Nnuru abɔfo a wɔde nkrasɛm kɔ (Neurotransmitters) .
Saa SNS yi de nnuru titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no neurotransmitters di dwuma de nkrasɛm kɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu. Ne titiriw no, ɛde nnuru abɔfo a wɔfrɛ no norepinephrine, epinephrine (a wɔsan frɛ no adrenaline), ne acetylcholine na edi dwuma.
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ Sympathetic ne Parasympathetic nhyehyɛe no ntam?
Eyi yɛ anigye kɛse. Wo Sympathetic (SNS) ne Parasympathetic ntini ahorow no te sɛ sika bi afã abien. Wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ akwan horow a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira koraa so .
- Sympathetic (SNS) nhyehyɛe: Ɛkura nsɛnkyerɛnne a "ɛbɔ nipadua no kɔkɔ" na ɛsiesie no ma ɔko. Te sɛ afiri a ɛma kar tu mmirika ntɛmntɛm no.
- Parasympathetic nhyehyɛe: .Ɛde nsɛnkyerɛnne a "ɛma nipadua no dwo" na ɛsan de ba sɛnea na ɛte kan no kɔ. Te sɛ breki a ɛwɔ kar mu no ara pɛ.
Saa nhyehyɛe abien yi bom yɛ adwuma ma yɛn nipadua no kari pɛ. SNS no di anim kosi sɛ asiane no bɛba awiei. Sɛ asiane no ba awiei pɛ a, Parasympathetic nhyehyɛe no di dwuma, na ɛde nneɛma te sɛ koma a ɛretu mmirika ne ahome a wɔhome ntɛmntɛm san ba sɛnea na ɛte kan no, na ɛma nipadua no dwo. Yɛfrɛ eyi "Ahomegye na Digest."
Dɛn ne ayaresa tebea horow a ɛka SNS nhyehyɛe yi?
Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, nyarewa ne ɔhaw ahorow nso betumi aka nhyehyɛe a ɛho hia yi. Ma yɛnhwɛ emu kakraa bi.
| Aduruyɛ mu tebea | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Asikreyare a Ɛto so 2 | Asikreyare a wontumi nni so yiye no betumi asɛe ntini ahorow. Nhwɛso bi ne mogya mmoroso a ɛkɔ fam mpofirim bere a wogyina hɔ (orthostatic hypotension). |
| Adwennwen ne Adwennwen a Enni Nnibere | Sɛ wo ho yeraw wo anaasɛ wo ho yeraw wo bere nyinaa a, wo SNS no yɛ adwuma bere nyinaa. Eyi betumi de ɔhaw afoforo te sɛ kɛseyɛ mmoroso aba bere a bere kɔ so no. |
| Kokoram | Pheochromocytoma, kokoram bi a ɛba wɔ adrenal glands a ɛwɔ asaabo no atifi no betumi ama SNS no ayɛ adwuma dodo, na ama adrenaline ne norepinephrine akɔ soro dodo. |
| Horner Yare a Ɛyɛ Fɛ | Eyi ka SNS nkitahodi ahorow a ɛwɔ anim no. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no bi ne aniwa no fã ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ aniwa no fã biako, fifiri a entu wɔ saa ɔfã no, ne aniwa no anim a ɛrehwe ase. |
| Nyarewa a wɔde nyarewa ba | Mmoawa ne mmoawa bi tumi sɛe ntini ahorow. |
| Dɛmdie | Titiriw no, akyi berɛmo no mu opira betumi asɛe SNS nkitahodi ahorow no daa. |
| Nna mu Nkɔmmɔbɔ a Ɛnyɛ Den | SNS a ɛsɛe no betumi ama mmarima anya ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna a ɛyɛ yaw a ɛtra hɔ bɛboro nnɔnhwerew 4 (priapism). Sɛ wɔansa eyi a, ebetumi ama obi ayɛ den daa. |
Dɛn ne ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ SNS nhyehyɛe no mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ebetumi aba?
Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ nhyehyɛe yi mu a, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow betumi aba. Sɛ wowɔ eyinom mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu .
- Koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so (Arrhythmias) .
- Ayamtim
- Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa anaasɛ ne ti a ɛyɛ hare bere a wogyina hɔ no
- Aniwa a ɛrehwe ase (Ptosis) .
- Koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm a ntease biara nnim, bere mpo a egyina hɔ ara kwa (Tachycardia) .
- Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu ɔhaw (e.g., priapism) .
- Fifiri a ɛboro so (Hyperhidrosis) anaasɛ fifiri a enni (Anhidrosis) .
- Nnuan mu haw ahorow (Gastroparesis) .
- Aduan a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛmene (Dysphagia) .
Sɔhwɛ bɛn na wɔyɛ de hu ɔhaw ahorow yi?
Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu yi biako anaa nea ɛboro saa akyerɛ wo a egyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so.
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Wotumi hu nneɛma pii, te sɛ nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa ne ntini mu nkwaadɔm dodow.
- Mogya mmoroso susuw: Wɔsusuw mogya mmoroso wɔ gyinabea ahorow (gyinabea, da fam).
- Electrocardiogram (EKG): Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛhwɛ sɛnea koma no yɛ adwuma.
- MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛhwehwɛ sɛnea ntini ahorow no te.
- Autonomic nervous system testing: Nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔyɛ toatoa so a ɛhwehwɛ sɛnea wotumi di koma bɔ, mogya mmoroso, ne fifiri so.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na yebetumi akwati saa tebea horow yi?
Ɛwom sɛ yentumi nsiw tebea horow bi a ɛka SNS nhyehyɛe no ano (e.g. awosu mu nyarewa) de, nanso yebetumi asiw ɔhaw pii ano anaasɛ yɛbɛtwentwɛn yɛn nan ase denam yɛn asetra kwan a yɛbɛsakra so.
- Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ: Vitamin a enni nipadua mu, titiriw vitamin B12, betumi asɛe ntini ahorow. Afei nso, sɛ obi nom vitamin pii (titiriw B6) a, epira.
- Kwati nnubɔne ne nsa: Eyinom yɛ awuduru ma ntini ahorow no.
- Kɔ so yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ na kura mu duru a ɛfata: Asikreyare a ɛto so abien a wusiw ano anaasɛ wɔtwentwɛn so no betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ntini a ɛbɛsɛe no so.
- Hyɛ nneɛma a wode bɔ wo ho ban bere a ɛho hia: Eyi boa ma wosiw ntini a ɛsɛe esiane akwanhyia a ɛba wɔ adwumam anaa bere a woredi agumadi mu no ano.
- Di tebea horow a enni sabea ho dwuma yiye: Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ asikreyare anaa mogya mmoroso a, wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ a wubedi akyi no bɛboa kɛse ma woabɔ wo ntini ahorow ho ban.
Awiei koraa no, Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) yɛ yɛn nipadua no ankasa awɛmfo, a ɛho hia ma yɛn nkwa na ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban wɔ tebea horow a ɛyɛ den mu. Enti, sɛ yɛhwɛ nhyehyɛe yi ne ntini nyinaa so yiye a, ɛbɛboa yɛn kɛse ma yɛabɔ yɛn bra a apɔwmuden, akyɛ.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) yɛ yɛn nipadua "Fight-or-Flight" nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ asiane anaa adwennwen bere mu.
- Saa nhyehyɛe yi siesie nipadua no ma egyina tebea no ano denam nsakrae ahorow te sɛ koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm, fifiri, ne anisoadehu a ɛyɛ nnam a ɛyɛ so.
- Saa nhyehyɛe yi ne Parasympathetic nhyehyɛe a "ɛma nipadua no dwo" no ma nipadua no kari pɛ.
- Tebea horow te sɛ asikreyare, adwennwen a enni sabea, ne nyarewa bi betumi asɛe nhyehyɛe yi dwumadi.
- Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ koma a ɛbɔ a ɛkɔ soro a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu, fifiri a ɛboro so, anaa adwenemhaw a, mmu w’ani ngu so na kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara kɔhwehwɛ afotu .
- Wobetumi abɔ SNS nhyehyɛe no ho ban denam asetra pa a wobedi akyi ne nyarewa a enni sabea a wobedi ho dwuma yiye so.
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