So wobrɛ bere nyinaa? So wo honam ani reyɛ tuntum? Momma yensua Addison Yare no ho ade!

So wote nka sɛ woabrɛ bere nyinaa, wote nka sɛ wunni nkwa, na wo honam ani kɔla sakra nkakrankakra? Ebia wowɔ nkyene ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Yɛtaa bu yɛn ani gu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛtete saa so sɛnea ɛte daa. Nanso, eyinom betumi ayɛ yare bi a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛntaa mma saa ho sɛnkyerɛnne, nanso ɛho hia yiye sɛ yehu no yiye. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka yareɛ a ɛntaa nsi saa ho asɛm, nanso sɛ wodi ho dwuma yie a, wobɛtumi abɔ bra a ɛfata. Ɛno ne Addison Yare no .

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Addison Yare no?

Okay, momma yɛnkyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu tiawa. Yɛwɔ ntini nketewa abien a ɛte sɛ ahinanan, te sɛ kyɛw, wɔ yɛn asaabo atifi. Yɛfrɛ eyinom adrenal ntini ahorow . Eyinom yɛ yɛn endocrine nhyehyɛe no fã a ɛho hia yiye.

Addison yare no yɛ tebea a ɛma adrenal ntini no ntumi nyɛ hormone abien a ɛho hia, cortisol ne aldosterone , a ɛdɔɔso.

Dɛn na yehia saa hormone abien yi?

• Cortisol: Eyi yɛ hormone a ɛho hia ma nkwa. Ɛboa yɛn nipadua ma egyina nhyɛso ano, te sɛ bere a yɛyare, akwanhyia, anaa oprehyɛn. Ɛboa nso ma mogya mmoroso, koma bɔ, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no dwumadi, ne mogya mu glucose dodow yɛ adwuma yiye.

• Aldosterone: Saa hormone yi boa ma minerals sodium (nkyene) ne potassium a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no kari pɛ. Ɛsan nso hwɛ nsu dodow a yɛn asaabo yi fi mu sɛ nsu. Eyi nso ka yɛn mogya mmoroso tẽẽ.

Wɔsan frɛ Addison yare no sɛ adrenal insufficiency titiriw . Tebea foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛne no wɔ abusuabɔ, a wɔfrɛ no adrenal insufficiency a ɛto so abien . Wɔ tebea yi mu no, pituitary gland a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no ntumi nyi hormone ACTH , a ɛkanyan adrenal ntini ahorow no ma ɛyɛ cortisol no mfi hɔ sɛnea ɛsɛ. Nanso ɛnnɛ yɛreka ɔhaw a ɛba adrenal glands no ankasa mu no ho asɛm titiriw.

Nsonsonoe a ɛda Addison yare ne Cushing yare no ntam

Ebia edin abien yi bɛma w’adwene atu afra. Saa abien yi yɛ tebea horow a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira koraa.

Hena na ɛda adi sɛ obenya saa yare yi? Ɛtaa ba dɛn?

Ɛwom sɛ Addison yare no betumi aka nnipa a wɔadi mfe biara de, nanso ɛtaa ba nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 30 kosi 50 so .

Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa ankasa . Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ Amerika no, yare yi ka nnipa bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu biako. Nanso nnipa bi wɔ hɔ a yare yi wɔ yɛn man yi mu nso.

Nnipa bi wɔ hɔ a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya saa yare yi. Ɛnonom yɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa afoforo a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa . Ɛne sɛ, nyarewa a yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa nkwammoaa so. Sɛ yɛwɔ nyarewa a ɛte saa a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ yebenya Addison yare no yɛ kɛse.

• Asikreyare a ɛyɛ Type I
• Mogya a ɛtɔ mogya a ɛsɛe ade
• Graves yare no
• Thyroiditis a enni sabea
• Vitiligo - nsensanee fitaa a ewo honam ani
• Myasthenia gravis a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu

Dɛn ne Addison yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Wɔ Addison yare no mu no, mpɛn pii no, adrenal ntini no sɛe nkakrankakra, bere kɔ so no. Enti, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi nkakrankakra. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho.

Mmea nso betumi anya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa, nipadua mu nhwi a ɛtɔ, ne nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛso tew.

Addisonfo ɔhaw bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne:

• Mmerewa a wontumi nnyina ano, a ɛyɛ soronko.
• Ɛyaw a emu yɛ den mpofirim wɔ akyi, yafunu, anaa nan ase.
• Adwene mu nsakrae te sɛ ahomegye a enni hɔ, adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, ne ehu ho nkate.
• Ɔfe a emu yɛ den ne akisikuru (eyi betumi ama nsu atɔ no ntɛmntɛm).
• Mogya mmoroso a ɛkɔ fam dodo.
• Nhumu a wɔhwere.

Sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no nya saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi a, fa kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no ntɛm ara wɔ Emergency Department (ETU).

Dɛn na ɛde Addison yare no ba?

Ade titiriw a ɛde Addison yare no ba na ɛtaa ba ne sɛnea nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa.. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, yɛn ankasa ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe (immune system) di mfomso tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa adrenal glands (adrenal cortex) akyi fã no so na ɛsɛe. Wonnya nhuu nea enti a eyi ba ankasa. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no fi ase da adi bere a wɔasɛe saa ntini ahorow yi bɛyɛ 90% akyi. Eyi betumi agye asram pii, anaa mfe pii mpo.

Eyi na ɛde Addison ayarefo 75% ba.

Nneɛma afoforo a ɛntaa nsi:

• Nsamanwaw: Ná eyi yɛ ade titiriw a ɛde ba bere bi a atwam no. Ɛda so ara yɛ ade titiriw a ɛde ba wɔ aman a afei na wɔrenya nkɔso mu.
• Nyarewa a ɛsan ba: Nyarewa a ɛfa HIV/AIDS ne fungal yare mmoawa ho.
• Kokoram: Kokoram nkwammoaa a ɛtrɛw fi mmeae afoforo kɔ adrenal glands no mu.
• Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ adrenal glands no mu.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi adrenal ntini no fi hɔ.
• Amyloidosis: Yare a protein bi kɔ akwaa mu na ɛsɛe.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu yare yi? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Esiane sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba nkakrankakra na ɛtaa ba nyarewa afoforo pii mu nti, ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobehu Addison yare no mfiase. Mpɛn pii no, wohu yare no "wɔ akwanhyia mu." Ebia nnuruyɛfo besusuw eyi ho sɛ wohu sɛ sodium dodow sua na potassium dɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu bere a wɔreyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ daa de ahwɛ tebea foforo bi a. Afei nso, honam ani hwɛbea a ɛyɛ kɔla dodo yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw a ɛma wosusuw sɛ ɔwɔ saa yare yi.

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo no gyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so susuw eyi ho a, ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii bio de si yare no so dua.

Nsɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔde hu yare no:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛnea sodium, potassium, cortisol, ne ACTH hormone dodow te. Wɔ Addison yare no mu no, cortisol sua na ACTH dodow nso dɔɔso.
• ACTH stimulation test: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ titiriw a wɔde si so dua sɛ wɔahu yare no. Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔde ACTH hormone a wɔayɛ no ma sɛ aduru a wɔde twitwiw wo mogya mu, na wɔsusuw cortisol dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biako akyi. Sɛ wo adrenal glands no te apɔw a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo cortisol dodow kɔ soro. Nanso, sɛ ɛnte saa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo adrenal glands no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye.
• Insulin-induced hypoglycemia test: Wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de hu sɛ ebia ɔhaw bi a ɛwɔ pituitary gland no mu na ɛde wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba anaa.
• CT scan: Wobetumi ayɛ CT scan de ahwɛ sɛ wo adrenal glands no asɛe, anya ɔyare mmoawa, anaasɛ ne kɛse so atew anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?

Ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so sa Addison yare no ne sɛ, .Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) yɛ adeyɛ a wɔde si nipadua no mu nkwaadɔm a enni nipadua no ananmu wɔ nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru a wɔde yɛ adwuma mu.

• Wɔde aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no hydrocortisone ma sen sɛ wɔde hormone cortisol bɛma .
• Wɔde aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no fludrocortisone ma sen sɛ wɔde hormone aldosterone bɛma .

Nnuru dodow a wɔde ma no gu ahorow wɔ onipa biara mu. Afei nso, wo duruyɛfo betumi ama wo dodow no akɔ soro bere tiaa bi de asiw Addisonian haw ano sɛ wowɔ asɛm bi a ɛhaw adwene, te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa, akwanhyia, anaa oprehyɛn a.

Sɛ worenom fludrocortisone a, wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo sɛ fa nkyene kakra ka w’aduan ho, titiriw wɔ bere a wim yɛ hyew na fifiri yɛ kɛse ne bere a woateɛteɛ w’apɔw mu denneennen akyi.

Yare no a wobɛtra ase ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ

Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ Addison yare no sa no yare yiye a, obetumi atra ase a ɛfata koraa na ɔwɔ apɔwmuden . Nanso, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛkɔ so akura nnuru dodow a ɛfata mu.

Sɛ aduru no dodow dɔɔso dodo a, nneɛma bɔne te sɛ kɛseyɛ mmoroso, asikreyare a ɛto so abien, nnompe mu yare, ne mogya mmoroso betumi aba. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn daa (a mpɛn pii no ɔyɛ endocrinologist) na woyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia na ama woakura aduru no dodow a ɛfata mu.

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ de hwehwɛ w’ankasa ahobammɔ:

• Hyɛ ID krataa anaa aduruyɛ ho kɔkɔbɔ bracelet/necklace bere nyinaa. Eyi bɛboa nnuruyɛfo ma wɔahu sɛ wowɔ Addison yare no sɛ w’adwene fi wo ho so wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu a.
• Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa sɛnea wode cortisol tuo bɛto wo nsam sɛ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ bi si a. Afei nso, kyerɛkyerɛ abusua muni anaa wo dɔfo bi sɛnea wɔde tuo no bɛma wo.
• Bisa wo duruyɛfo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ bere a wote nka sɛ woyare anaasɛ wowɔ adwennwen kɛse mu no. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ nsakrae wɔ nnuru dodow a wode di dwuma no mu.
• Kɔ so kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Sɛ wunim sɛ wowɔ yare bi a enni sabea a, ebetumi ahaw wo wɔ nkate fam. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ wɔde nnuru di Addison yare no so yiye. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkɔ so adi nkitaho daa na woanya ayaresa a wuhia.