So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wunya nsensanee fitaa wɔ wo nipadua so a ɛte sɛ ‘ honam ani fitaa ’? Anaasɛ woabrɛ wɔ nhwi ho haw bi a ɛnkɔ da ho? Ebia wo nsateaa nnadewa anaa wo nan ase nnadewa biako adan kɔkɔɔ, ayɛ mmerɛw, na ɛrebubu. Nneɛma yi mu pii betumi afi abɔde ketewaa bi a ɔte yɛn nipadua mu a wɔfrɛ no fungus . Enti ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka nea saa fungal infections yi yɛ, ne nnuru a wɔde ma wɔn, a ɛne antifungals .
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne nnuru a ekum fungal yi?
Nnuru a ekum fungal yɛ nnuru bi a nnuruyɛfo kyerɛw ma de sa fungal yare. Sɛnea wɔde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ma wɔ ɔyare mmoawa mu no, saa ara na wɔde nnuru a ekum fungal ma wɔ fungal yare ho. Saa nnuru yi yɛ nneɛma abien.
1. Nwansena a ɛde ɔyare no bae no a wobekum no koraa .
2. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, ɛmma nwansena no nnyin na ɛntrɛw wɔ nipadua no mu.
Nanso, nea efi mu ba awiei koraa ne sɛ ɛbɛboa yɛn nipadua no ma ayi saa fungal yare no afi hɔ.
Enti dɛn ne ‘fungus’ yi?
Ansa na yɛbɛka nnuru a ekum fungi ho asɛm no, momma yɛnte nea saa fungi yi yɛ ase kakra. Fungi yɛ abɔde nketenkete a yebetumi ahu wɔ baabiara wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu. Ebetumi ayɛ mmɔkaw, nsunsu, anaa abien no nyinaa a wɔaka abom. Wɔnam nkwaboaa nketenkete a wɔyɛ so wo. Saa mmoawa yi betumi ayɛ asase mu anaasɛ wɔasensɛn mframa mu.
Susuw ho hwɛ, fungi bi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu fi awosu mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, mmɔkaw bi a wɔfrɛ no Candida . Eyinom te ase a asiane biara nni ho wɔ mmeae te sɛ yɛn honam ani, yɛn aduan mu nneɛma, ne yɛn awotwaa a ɛwɔ mmea mu. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ yɛn nipadua no tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no sua anaasɛ esiane biribi foforo nti a, saa ntontom yi fi ase dɔɔso a wontumi nni so. Ɛno ne bere a ɔyare mmoawa ba.
Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse sɛ obenya fungal yare?
Nokwarem no, obiara betumi anya fungal yare. Nneɛma a yɛtaa hu wɔ yɛn ho, te sɛ ringworm, eczema , ne akisikuru no, ntaa nyɛ aniberesɛm na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetumi asa.
Nanso, wɔ nnipa binom fam no, saa fungal yare yi betumi ayɛ asiane kɛse. Ɛnonom yɛ nnipa a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw .. Ɛyɛ den ma wɔn nipadua sɛ ɛbɛko atia fungal yare ketewaa bi mpo. Yɛfrɛ saa nyarewa ahorow yi "nyarewa a ɛma wonya hokwan." Ɛne sɛ, nyarewa a ɛde nipadua no mmerɛwyɛ di dwuma na ɛtrɛw kodu baabi a anibere wom. Nnipa a wɔwɔ asiane mu no bi ne:
- Nnipa a wɔwɔ AIDS .
- Nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa te sɛ lupus.
- Ayarefo a wɔwɔ kokoram (titiriw wɔn a wɔreyɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare no).
- Nnipa a wɔayɛ wɔn akwaa foforo.
- Nnipa a wɔde nnompe mu ntini a wɔde si ananmu (stem cell transplants).
Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, fungal yare a ɛte sɛɛ betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye paa wɔ ho.
Dɛn ne nyarewa a ɛtaa ba ne nea emu yɛ den a wɔde nnuru a ekum fungal sa?
Nyarewa ahorow a wobetumi de nnuru a ekum fungal ayɛ no trɛw yiye. Efi honam ani yare nketenkete so kosi nyarewa a ɛka amemene no so. Momma yɛnkyekyɛ eyinom mu abien.
| Fungal yare mmoawa a ɛtaa ba yɛn mu | |
|---|---|
| Edin a wɔde frɛ ɔyare mmoawa no | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
| Agumadifo nan, Jock itch, Ringworm | Sɛnea yenim no, eyi ne nea wɔfrɛ no "eczema". Ɛba kurukuruwa wɔ nan, asen, ne honam ani mmeae ahorow, na ɛyaw ka ho. |
| Dandruff a ɛyɛ mmerɛw | Fungal yare a ɛwɔ ti nhwi mu na ɛde dandruff ba. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, wɔfrɛ eyi Seborrheic Dermatitis . |
| Nnadewa mu nwansena | Nnadewa no da sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow adi te sɛ kɔla a ɛsakra kɔkɔɔ/biribiri, ɛyɛ den, na ɛbubu ntɛmntɛm. Egye bere tenten ansa na wɔasa. |
| Thrush / Esophageal candidiasis a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu | Mmɔkaw a ɛba ano, menewa, anaa aduan mu. Ɛma ade fitaa a ɛyɛ nnam ba ano. Ɛtaa ba mmofra nkumaa mu. |
| Vaginal yeast yare mmoawa | Saa ɔyare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi ne ɛyaw, ɔhyew, ne nsu fitaa a efi mmea awotwaa mu ba. |
Eyinom akyi no, fungal yare bi betumi aka nipadua no mu akwaa ahorow, na ɛde tebea horow a emu yɛ den kɛse aba.
| Fungal yare mmoawa a emu yɛ den sen biara na ɛhaw adwene | |
|---|---|
| Nipadua nhyehyɛe a ɛkaa | Nhwɛso ahorow |
| Ahurututu mu nyarewa | Aspergillosis, Pneumocystis ahurututu mu yare, Bon mu atiridii |
| Nyarewa a wonya fi mogya mu | Candidemia (mmɔkaw a ɛwɔ mogya mu) . |
| Nyarewa a efi amemene mu ba | Meningitis (meningitis nso betumi afi fungi mu aba) . |
| Aniwa mu nyarewa | Aniwa mu ntini mu yare a ɛma obi ho yɛ hyew |
| Sinus mu nyarewa | Rhinosinusitis a ɛyɛ yare |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa aduru yi yɛ adwuma wɔ nipadua no mu?
Nnuru a ekum fungal nyinaa nyɛ pɛ. Wɔakyekyɛ mu akuw atitiriw pii a egyina sɛnea wɔyɛ adwuma so. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina ɔyare no ko a wowɔ, sɛnea emu yɛ den, ne w’akwahosan so apaw aduru a ɛfata sen biara. Momma yɛnhwɛ akuw atitiriw abiɛsa mu ntɛm.
- Azoles: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a wɔde kum fungi a wɔayɛ. Wɔyɛ adwuma denam enzyme bi a ɛho hia ma fungal nkwammoaa a wogyae yɛ no so. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nwansena no ntumi nnyin anaasɛ ɛnwo bio. Ɛte sɛ nea wokum bass a ɛsɛ sɛ wosi ofie. Nhwɛsoɔ: `Fluconazole (Diflucan®)`.
- Echinocandins: Eyinom yɛ nnuru awo ntoatoaso foforo. Wɔnam ntontom no nkwammoaa fasu a wɔtow hyɛ so tẽẽ so na ɛyɛ adwuma. Te sɛ bere a wobubu ɔfasu wɔ ofie bi mu no, entumi ntra mu, sɛ ɔfasu no sɛe a, fungal cell no sɛe. Nhwɛso: `Micafungin (Mycamine®)`.
- Polyenes: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a ekum fungal a ɛwɔ abɔde mu. Wɔnam fungal nkwammoaa no akyi ntini a wɔde bata ho na wɔyɛ ntokuru wɔ mu no so na ɛyɛ adwuma. Eyi ma nneɛma a ɛho hia a ɛwɔ nkwammoaa no mu no pue na nkwammoaa no wu. Nhwɛsoɔ: `Nystatin (Bio-Statin®)`.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wo duruyɛfo no besi aduru a ɛfata wo ne bere tenten a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom no ho gyinae. Mfa aduru bi a obi foforo atɔ a wonnya aduruyɛ mu afotu nni dwuma da.
Akwan bɛn na wɔfa so nya nnuru a ekum fungal?
Saa nnuru yi wɔ ahorow ahorow, na egyina beae a ɔyare no wɔ ne sɛnea emu yɛ den so.
- Nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua no so: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a wɔde yɛ aduru, srade, gel, aduru a wɔde petepete so, ne nnuru a wɔde petepete so. Wɔtaa de eyinom di dwuma kɛse ma honam ani ne nnadewa mu nyarewa.
- Nnuru a wɔnom: Eyinom yɛ nnuru anaa nsu. Wɔde ma honam ani yare a atrɛw akɔ mmeae afoforo te sɛ nnadewa ne nhwi.
- Injections/IV: Wɔde nnuru yi fa ntini mu (IV) anaasɛ sɛ injection ma ɔyare mmoawa a emu yɛ den, a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu. Wɔde eyinom ma wɔ ayaresabea tebea mu.
- Nnuru a wɔde hyɛ ɔbea awotwaa mu: Wɔde eyinom sa ɔbea awotwaa mu mmɔkaw.
Ɛwom sɛ wubetumi atɔ nneɛma te sɛ nnuru bi a wɔde yɛ nnuru afi nnurutɔnbea a wunhia oduruyɛfo (Over-the-Counter - OTC) de, nanso sɛ ɔhaw no kɔ so anaasɛ ɛtaa ba a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
So nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ hɔ?
Te sɛ nnuru biara no, nnuru a ekum fungal betumi de ɔhaw ahorow bi aba. Nanso, ɛnyɛ obiara na onya bi. Ɛsono nso, egyina aduru ko ne dodow a wɔde ma so.
| Nsunsuanso bɔne no su | Esu |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma bɔne a ɛtaa ba | Yafunu mu yaw, akisikuru, akisikuru, honam ani yaw, ɔfe a ɛba baabi a wɔde aduru no gu, ne honam ani akisikuru. |
| Nneɛma bɔne a ɛntaa nsi, nanso anibere wom |
|
| Bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara | |
| Sɛ wunya nsunsuanso bɔne a emu yɛ den a ɛntaa nsi a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no bi a, gyae aduru no nom na kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara anaasɛ kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Egye Ntɛmpɛ So (ETU). | |
Dɛn na fungi a ɛbɛyɛ nea ‘ɛko tia’ nnubɔne no kyerɛ? (Nneɛma a Ɛko Tia Fungal) .
Eyi yɛ nsɛmti a ɛho hia sen biara a yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ no mu biako. Antifungal Resistance yɛ bere a fungus bi tumi ko tia aduru pɔtee bi a ekum fungal. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ntontom no ‘ayɛ ne su’ wɔ saa aduru no ho, na ‘ɔyɛ den’ sen aduru no. Afei, saa aduru no ntumi nkum ntontom no bio.
Nneɛma atitiriw pii nti na eyi ba:
- Aduru no a wubegyae ansa na woawie bere a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no: Mfomso kɛse ne sɛ wubegyae aduru no bere a wo ho atɔ wo kakra no ara pɛ. Eyi ma fungi a ano yɛ den sen biara a enwui koraa na ɛyɛ nsakrae wɔ aduru no mu.
- Nnuru dodow a ɛfata a wɔmfa nni dwuma: Sɛ wɔannom aduru no bere ano anaasɛ wohuw dodow a, ebetumi ama nnuru no nnɔɔso wɔ nipadua no mu, na ama fungi no tumi ko tia no kɛse.
- Nnuru a wɔde kum fungal a wɔde di dwuma a ɛho nhia: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔde nnuru a ekum fungal gu biribi a ɛnyɛ fungal yare mmoawa so. Eyi nso betumi ama ntontom no akɔ saa nnuru no mu na ama ayɛ nea ɛko tia.
Sɛ ntontom no tumi gyina nnuru ano a, ɛbɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wɔbɛsa ɔyare mmoawa no. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wode nnuru a ano yɛ den a ɛwɔ nsunsuanso bɔne pii ma. Enti, ɛho hia yiye ma w’akwahosan ne mpɔtam hɔfo nyinaa akwahosan sɛ wobɛnom nnuru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no, wɔ dodow a ɛfata mu ne bere a ɛfata mu.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nnuru a ekum fungal yɛ nnuru bi a ɛsa fungal yare. Wokum fungi anaasɛ wosiw wɔn nyin.
- Nyarewa betumi afi honam ani akisikuru ne akisikuru a ɛtaa ba so kosi tebea horow a emu yɛ den kɛse a ɛka mogya ne ahurututu so.
- Nnuru a ekum fungal wɔ ahorow ahorow, te sɛ nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru, nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no, ne nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu. Wo duruyɛfo na obesi nea eye ma wo ho gyinae.
- Nea ɛho hia sen biara: Fa nnuru dodow a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no nyinaa bere tenten no nyinaa. Mma nnyae aduru no nom esiane sɛ wo ho atɔ wo nti. Eyi ho hia yiye na amma ntontom no antumi agyina nnuru no ano (antifungal resistance).
- Sɛ wunya ɔhaw bi a emu yɛ den (honam ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, wo honam ani akisikuru) bere a worenom aduru no a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.
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