So ɛnyɛ den sɛ wo mogya bɛtɔ? Momma yensua Antithrombin Deficiency ho ade!

Sɛ kuru ketewaa bi wɔ yɛn nipadua so mpo a, mogya no gyae bere tiaa bi akyi na mogya no tu, ɛnte saa? Ɛyɛ adwinnade a ɛyɛ nwonwa a yɛn nipadua fa so bɔ ne ho ban ankasa. Nanso, sɛ mogya a ɛtwetwe yi kɔ soro sen sɛnea ɛho hia, anaasɛ mogya a ɛtwetwe no ba nipadua no mu a ntease biara nnim a? Afei ebetumi ayɛ ɔhaw. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka biribi titiriw bi a ɛma mogya tu a ɛho nhia ho asɛm. Ɛno ne Antithrombin Deficiency , ebinom nso frɛ no Antithrombin III Deficiency.

Dɛn ankasa ne Antithrombin Deficiency?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, antithrombin a enni nipadua mu no yɛ tebea a ɛfa yɛn mogya a ɛtwetwe no ho. Wɔ eyi mu no, protein a wɔfrɛ no antithrombin, ade titiriw bi a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a esiw mogya a ɛtwetwe dodo ano no so tew, anaasɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so. Wode nsu rehyɛ bathtub mu ma. Ɛsɛ sɛ obi dum faucet no ansa na ayɛ ma, anyɛ saa a nsu no nyinaa bɛhwie agu. Saa na, sɛ yɛn mogya fi ase twetwe a, ɛyɛ ade a wɔfrɛ no antithrombin yi na "ɛgyae" no wɔ bere a ɛfata mu, na esiw ano dodo. Enti, sɛ wunni antithrombin a ɛdɔɔso wɔ wo nipadua mu, anaasɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye a, wubetumi anya mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ so, te sɛ bathtub a ɛrebu so. Eyi nti na asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya mogya a ɛtɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so no .

Nnipa a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi no wɔ asiane mu titiriw sɛ wobenya mogya a ɛbɛtɔ wɔ nan no ntini a emu dɔ mu (`Deep Vein Thrombosis` anaa `DVT`) ne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya a ɛbɛtɔ no abubu na akɔhyɛ ntini bi mu wɔ ahurututu mu (`Pulmonary Embolism` anaa `PE`) . Eyinom betumi ayɛ tebea horow a asiane wom kɛse.

Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Antithrombin Deficiency yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi ankasa . Wobu akontaa sɛ nnipa 2,000 kosi 3,000 biara mu biako pɛ na ɔwɔ bi. Ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ ɛnto obiara.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi nni antithrombin?

Ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ saa tebea yi na obenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne koro. Ebia nnipa binom rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa. Nanso mpɛn pii no mogya a edi kan a ɛtɔ ansa na wadi mfe 40 .

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a wɔtaa hu ne:

• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Eyi betumi ama nan no hohoro, ayɛ kɔkɔɔ, ayɛ no yaw, na sɛ woka a, ɛyɛ hyew.
• Pulmonary Embolism (PE): Eyi betumi ama obi ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa mpofirim, ne koko ayɛ no yaw (titiriw bere a ɔrehome), ɔhome ntɛmntɛm, ɔfefe (ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya wom), na ne home yɛ tiaa. Eyi yɛ tebea a ehia sɛ wɔsa no ntɛm ara.

Eyinom akyi no, ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa mma de, nanso wɔ amemene no ntini mu , anaa yafunu mu ntini muEbetumi aba sɛ mogya a ɛbɛtɔ.

Dɛn nti na saa antithrombin a enni nipadua no mu yi ba?

Mpɛn pii no, nea ɛde tebea yi ba ne awosu , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ biribi a yenya fi yɛn awofo hɔ.

• Gene Mutation: Antithrombin Deficiency ba nnipa a wɔwɔ mutation (nsakraeɛ) wɔ gene a wɔfrɛ no `SERPINC1` mu. Saa awosu mu abɔde yi kyerɛ nipadua no sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛko tia thrombin.
• Agyapade: Wubetumi anya saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae yi afi ɔwofo no mu biara hɔ. Sɛ ɛte saa a, wowɔ hokwan 50% sɛ wubenya tebea no. Ɛnfa ho sɛ ɛyɛ abeawa anaa abarimaa. Nanso, nkokoaa a wonya saa awosu mu nsakrae yi fi awofo baanu no nyinaa hɔ no ntaa ntra ase. Eyi ho yɛ na koraa.

Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ saa awosu mu nsakrae yi na mogya tu. Ebia nnipa binom bɛtra ase wɔn nkwa nna nyinaa a ɔhaw biara nni ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu eyi?

Sɛ wowɔ saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi, anaasɛ wunim sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ saa tebea yi a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woakɔhwɛ. Mpɛn pii no, oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu: Wɔbɛhwehwɛ wo nipadua mu.
• Aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm: Wobebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu anya ɔhaw a ɛte saa ara anaa.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a ɛbɛhwɛ sɛnea antithrombin dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te.

Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi nkutoo ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so si so dua sɛ ebia tebea yi wɔ hɔ anaasɛ enni hɔ.

Dɛn na woreyɛ sɛ ayaresa?

Ayaresa no gyina sɛ ebia mogya atɔ wo anaasɛ wunni bi so.

• Sɛ mogya atɔ wo mu a: Ebia wo duruyɛfo besi gyinae sɛ obefi ase anom aduru a ɛma mogya tu . Eyi taa yɛ warfarin (ebia woate ho asɛm sɛ Coumadin). Eyi betumi agye asram pii, anaasɛ ebetumi adi nkwa nna nyinaa.
• Sɛ woannya mogya a ɛtɔ da a: Sɛ wowɔ antithrombin a enni wo mu mpo a, sɛ woannya mogya da a, mpɛn pii no ɛho nhia sɛ wokɔ so nom nnuru a ɛma mogya tu. Nanso, wɔ tebea horow bi mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn kɛse) no, wobetumi de ama bere tiaa bi.
• Wɔ nyinsɛn mu: Esiane sɛ mmea a wɔyem a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi mu 3% kosi 50% tumi nya mogya a ɛtɔ bere a wɔyem nti, oduruyɛfo no betumi asi gyinae sɛ ɔbɛma aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no `Heparin` a wɔde bɛhyɛ ne mu na amma mogya a ɛbɛtɔ wɔ saa bere no mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ me ho? (Bere a wɔrenya ayaresa) .

Sɛ worenom nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw te sɛ Warfarin anaa Heparin a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛnom aduru no sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.Afei nso, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ bere biara a wo ne oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ.

Esiane sɛ saa aduru yi de asiane ba sɛ mogya bɛtɔ wo nti, ɛsɛ sɛ wo duruyɛfo hwɛ bere nyinaa sɛ worenya dodow a ɛfata. Wɔde mogya mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ `Prothrombin Time` (PT) nhwehwɛmu di dwuma de hwɛ sɛ Warfarin dodow no teɛ anaa.

Ɛdenam nnuru dodow a wɔde di dwuma yiye so wɔ saa kwan yi so no, wobetumi asiw mogya a ɛbɛtɔ a asiane wom ano na wɔasiw mogya a ɛho nhia ano.

Dɛn na metumi ayɛ na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ no so atew?

Sɛ wowɔ antithrombin a enni wo mu a, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ wo no so atew:

• Kwati nnuru a wɔde siw awo ano a wobɛnom: titiriw nea estrogen wom. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka eyi ho asɛm.
• Kwati hormone ayaresa: Hormone ayaresa bi a wɔfa bere a obi agyae brayɛ no nso betumi ama asiane no ayɛ kɛse.
• Mma ntra baabi koro no ara nkyɛ dodo: Titiriw sɛ woretu kwan tenten anaasɛ woreyɛ adwuma wɔ beae biako akyɛ dodo a, anyɛ yiye koraa no, sɔre nnɔnhwerew abien biara na nantew kakra na wowosow wo nan.
• Nnom sigaret na fa tawa mu nneɛma di dwuma: Sigaretnom pira mogya ntini kɛse na ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ no yɛ kɛse.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu: Kɛse mmoroso yɛ ade foforo a ɛma mogya tu.

Nea ɛka ho no, nneɛma te sɛ ahodwiriw kɛse, oprehyɛn, nyinsɛn, awo, ne onyin nso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ wo no yɛ kɛse. Sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn anaasɛ worehwɛ akokoaa kwan a, ka wo tebea no ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ebia ɔbɛma wo antithrombin concentrate titiriw bi sɛ aduru a wɔde fa ntini mu (IV), sɛ ɛho hia a.

So ɔkwan bi wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw tebea yi ano?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, esiane sɛ ɛyɛ awosu mu tebea nti, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw antithrombin a wonnya fi awo mu no ano . Yɛrentumi nsakra awosu mu nkwaadɔm a yenya fi yɛn awofo hɔ no. Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ yɛn no so.

Sɛ wowɔ antithrombin a enni wo mu a, dɛn na wobɛhwɛ kwan?

Bɛyɛ nnipa baasa biara a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi mu biako benya mogya a ɛbɛtɔ wɔ wɔn mpanyin afe so.

• Oprehyɛn ne sɛnea wuntumi nkɔ baabiara: Sɛ wɔreyɛ wo oprehyɛn na wuntumi nkɔ baabiara bere tenten (sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wotra mpa so a), asiane kɛse wom sɛ mogya bɛtɔ wo.
• Mpanyinyɛ: Asiane yi nso kɔ soro kakra bere a obi nyin no.
• Nyinsɛn: Nnipa a wonni antithrombin no betumi anya mogya a ɛtɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so bere a wɔyem anaa wɔ awo akyi, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn adwene si eyi so titiriw.

Tebea yi bɛkɔ so akosi bere bɛn?

Esiane sɛ ɛyɛ awosu mu tebea nti, wɔde awo wo. Ɛyɛ biribi a ɛtra hɔ nkwa nna nyinaa. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wontumi nsa no yare koraa. Nanso, sɛ wodi ho dwuma yiye a, wubetumi atra ase a ɔhaw kakraa bi na ɛwɔ wo mu.

Dɛn ne tebea yi ho anidaso?

W’adwene gyina sɛ ebia mogya atɔ wo anaasɛ ɛnte saa so. Sɛ obi nom nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw a, ebetumi aboa ma mogya a ɛbɛtɔ no foforo ankɔ. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ wonom aduru no sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ, wɔ dodow a ɛfata mu, ne bere a ɛfata mu.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye wɔ ho titiriw?

Sɛ wowɔ antithrombin a, ɛho hia sɛ wohu kɔkɔbɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛne `DVT` (mogya a ɛtwetwe wɔ nan mu) ne `PE` (mogya a ɛtwetwe wɔ ahurututu mu) sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi anya mmoa ntɛm.

• DVT ho sɛnkyerɛnne: ɛho ahonhon, ɛyaw, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ne ɔhyew a ɛba bere a wɔde nsa ka no wɔ nan biako mu (mpɛn pii no biako pɛ).
• PE ho sɛnkyerɛnne: Ɔhome a ɛyɛ tiaa mpofirim, ne koko mu yaw (a ɛyɛ kɛse bere a ɔrehome), ɔhome ntɛmntɛm, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa, ɔfe (ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya wom).

Sɛ worenom nnuru a ɛma mogya tu (e.g. Warfarin) a, hwɛ nea edidi so yi efisɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ:

• Hwɛ yiye paa bere a wode akode a ano yɛ nnam (nnade, ahwehwɛ, ne nea ɛkeka ho) redi dwuma no .
• Kwati agumadi a ebetumi ama obi apirapira (e.g. rugby, akuturukubɔ) sɛnea wubetumi biara. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, hyɛ nneɛma a ɛfata a wode bɔ wo ho ban.
• Sɛ mogya no annyae esiane kuru ketewaa bi mpo nti, anaasɛ sɛ wunya akuru a ntease biara nnim a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ DVT a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Ɛho hia sɛ wɔsa DVT ntɛm, efisɛ mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ nan no mu no betumi abubu na akɔ ahurututu no mu, na ɛde PE aba.

Sɛ worenom nnuru te sɛ Warfarin a, sɛ wohwe ase anaasɛ mogya tu wo soronko (sɛ nhwɛso no, efi wo hwene, wo hwene, anaa wo nsu mu) ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Wɔ tebea a ɛte saa mu no , ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea bi Ayaresa a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara :

• Sɛ wowɔ `Pulmonary Embolism (PE)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne (te sɛ ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa mpofirim, wo koko mu yaw).
• Na sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ DVT ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow , nanso wuntumi ne wo duruyɛfo nni nkitaho nso ɛ?
• Sɛ worenom nnuru a ɛma mogya tu, sɛ wobɔ wo ti, sɛ worefe mogya, anaa sɛ wuntumi nnyae mogya a efi kuru bi mu ba a.

Eyinom yɛ nneɛma a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu, enti nkyɛ.

Nsɛmmisa a ɛho hia bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi wie a, wubetumi abisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• So ɛsɛ sɛ menom Warfarin anaa aduru foforo a ɛma mogya tu? Bere tenten ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ mede di dwuma?
• So ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ mɛma wɔayɛ m’abusua mufo afoforo (awofo, anuanom, mmofra) mu nhwehwɛmu ahu sɛ wɔwɔ Antithrombin Deficiency anaa?
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ bɛn na metumi de tebea yi ayɛ dwoodwoo?
• So nneɛma titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye ansa na manyinsɛn?

Bisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom na ama woate wo tebea no ase yiye.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Esiane sɛ Antithrombin Deficiency yɛ awosu mu tebea nti, yentumi nni so. Nanso, ɛdenam tebea yi a wubehu na woatu anammɔn a ɛho hia so no, wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom kɛse.

Ade a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wo ne w’abusua behu DVT ne PE kɔkɔbɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a sɛ biribi ankɔ yiye a, mubetumi ahu ntɛm na moahwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛm.

Sɛ wohwɛ wo mu duru so, wokɔ so yɛ nnam (apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa), na wokwati sigaretnom a, ebetumi aboa wo ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya mogya a wompɛ no so atew. Saa kwan yi so no, wubetumi adi nkɛntɛnso a tebea yi nya wɔ w’asetra so no so akodu baabi. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa daa na di n’afotu akyi yiye. Mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛnyɛ wo nko ara!

` antithrombin a enni nipadua mu, mogya a ɛtwetwe, DVT, ahurututu mu ntini a ɛma mogya tu, awosu mu nyarewa, nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw, warfarin, heparin