So aduan akɔhyɛ menewam? So ɛno ne (Aspiration)? Momma yɛnhwɛ eyi yiye!

So woanya ɔfe mpofirim anaa wo menewa mu yaw bere a woredidi anaa worenom nsa pɛn? Anaasɛ woahu obi a ne mfe akɔ anim anaa abofra ketewa bi a ɔwɔ wo fie sɛ ɔreyɛ eyi pɛn? Yɛtaa frɛ eyi "ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so a yɛbɛkɔ" anaa "ahomegye." Mpɛn pii no, ɛnyɛ dɛ kakra, nanso wubetumi adi so bere tiaa bi. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi ayɛ nea asiane wom kakra, titiriw sɛ ɛtaa ba a. Ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Aspiration'' ho asɛm.Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, eyi ne aduruyɛ mu din a wɔde frɛ no.

Dɛn ne saa `(Aspiration)` yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ``(Aspiration)`` yɛ bere a biribi foforo a ɛnyɛ mframa hyɛn yɛn mframa kwan mu , ɔkwan a yɛfa so home. Mpɛn pii no, eyi ba bere a biribi a yɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ yɛbɛmene, anaa biribi a efi yɛn aduan mu no nkɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so no. Susuw ho hwɛ, nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ betumi asi:

• Aduane
• Nsu anaa nsu afoforo
• Yafunu mu acid
• Ɔfe a wɔfe
• Nsuo anaa nnompe a ɛwɔ ano anaa menewa mu
• Biribi a ɛfiri abɔnten, sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no agodeɛ ketewa bi `(Ananana adeɛ)`

Yɛn nyinaa ate asɛm a wɔka sɛ "ɛkɔɔ fam wɔ tube a ɛnteɛ mu." Mpɛn pii no, sɛ ɛba saa a, wubetumi apia aduan anaa nsu no akɔ kɛkɛ na ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea asiw kwan ketewaa bi pɛ. Nanso, wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, eyi betumi ama ne home ayɛ tiaa, ayɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome, anaasɛ ahurututu mu yare mpo.

Dɛn ne ``(Aspiration)'' ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Afei momma yɛnhwɛ `(Aspiration)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Hwɛ sɛ wowɔ eyinom mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa:

• Ɔfefe a ɛtaa ba, titiriw bere a wadi anaa wanom awie no.
• Nkate a ɛte sɛ nea biribi akɔhyɛ menewam.
• Nnyigyei a ɛyɛ nwonwa bere a wɔrehome. Ebetumi ayɛ nnyigyei a ɛyɛ raspy (stridor) anaasɛ abɛn nnyigyei (wheezing).
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea) anaasɛ ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa.
• Cyanosis yɛ kɔla bruu a ɛwɔ honam ani, anofafa, ne nsateaa ano. Eyi ba bere a nipadua no nnya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso no.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛmene (dysphagia). Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛmene aduan ne anonne.
• Koko a ɛtaa yɛ mmerɛw anaa ahurututu mu yare.
• Mu duru a ɛso tew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu (ebia efi ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛmene) .
• Huraeɛ.

Adɛn nti na saa `(Aspiration)` yi ba?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea enti a eyi ba. Wunim, yɛwɔ nsukorade abien a ɛbɛn yɛn ho yɛn ho pɛɛ wɔ yɛn menewam. Biako ne aduan paipu a wɔfrɛ no esophagus . Ɔfoforo no ne afiri a wɔde home, a wɔfrɛ no trachea/mframa afiri . Eyinom abien nyinaa wɔ menewa no atifi, a wɔfrɛ no ahurututu no.Wɔka wɔn ho bom wɔ beae a wɔka wɔn no.

Mpɛn pii no, mframa a yɛde fa yɛn hwene anaa yɛn ano no kɔ mframa kwan yi so tẽẽ kɔ ahurututu mu. Nanso sɛ yɛmene a, ntini bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no epiglottis . Ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ ade a wɔde kata so. Sɛ yɛmene a, saa nkataso yi to mframa afiri no mu. Afei aduan no kɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so, ɛnyɛ mframa afiri no mu, na mmom ɛkɔ aduan no mu tẽẽ. So wote ase?

Enti, ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ saa epiglottis yi ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye, anaasɛ ɛto mu akyiri dodo a, nneɛma a yɛmene no betumi akɔ mframa afiri no mu. Ɛno na `(Aspiration)` si. Afei nso, yɛn nipadua no wɔ nneɛma abien a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban a wɔfrɛ no cough reflex ne gag reflex. Wɔde eyinom di dwuma de yi nneɛma a ankɔ yiye no fi hɔ. Sɛ saa mmuaeɛ yi yɛ mmerɛw wɔ ɔkwan bi so a, ɛnde `(Aspiration)` na ɛda adi sɛ ɛbɛba. Efisɛ afei ɛbɛyɛ den ama nipadua no sɛ ebeyi nneɛma a ankɔ yiye no afi hɔ.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya aspiration?

Yɛn nyinaa anya aduan anaa anonne kakra a akɔhyɛ yɛn menewam wɔ bere bi mu. Ebia ɛyɛ bere a obi ne yɛn kasa mpofirim bere a yɛrenom nsu, anaasɛ bere a yɛtow aduan asinasin bi gu baabi a ɛnteɛ wɔ akwanhyia mu. Nanso aduruyɛ mu tebea horow ne nnuru bi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi bɛtwetwe no ayɛ kɛse. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Nnuru a ɛma obi dwo. Wɔ nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma obi akyi no, nnuru bi a wɔtɔn a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu, ne nsa ne nnubɔne nso betumi ama obi ada na ama n’ani ada hɔ. Opioid yɛ nnuru kuw bi a wonim no yiye a ɛwɔ tumi a ɛma obi dwo yi. Eyinom a yɛbɛnom no betumi ama ahobammɔ nkate a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no ayɛ mmerɛw.
• Ntini a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no mu nyarewa. Saa nyarewa yi betumi atew nipadua no abɔde mu nneɛma a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban fi aspiration ho no so. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase , amemene mu akisikuru , ne Parkinson yare . Saa tumi ahorow yi nso betumi ayɛ mmerɛw bere a yɛrenyin no.
• Ntini mu ntini mu yare. Eyinom yɛ nyarewa a ɛka ntini anaa ntini ahorow. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wubetumi anya myasthenia gravis anaa Guillain-Barré yare. Saa nyarewa yi betumi ama ntini no anyɛ adwuma yiye na amma aspiration no asiw ano.
• GERD (Gastroesophageal reflux disease) ne yafunu mu ntini a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma no mu ɔhaw ahorow. GERD yɛ yafunu mu acid a ɛsan kɔ nipadua no mu. Wɔ tebea horow te sɛ achalasia mu no, yafunu mu acid pii nso betumi asan akɔ aduan no mu. Afei saa acid yi betumi akɔ mframa afiri no mu.
• Nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ nipadua mu nneɛma mu. Ebia nnipa binom wɔ awo mu nsonsonoe wɔ sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ wɔn mframa kwan anaa wɔn aduan mu. Nhwɛsoɔ,Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ tracheoesophageal fistula a, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ aduan ne anonne bɛkɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.
• Aduruyɛ mfiri. Ɛtɔ da bi a, nneɛma te sɛ nasogastric (NG) tubes betumi ama epiglottis a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no anyɛ adwuma yiye.

Afei nso, nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn foforo no wɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Meconium aspiration syndrome.'' Eyi kyerɛ sɛ akokoaa no nsu a edi kan (meconium), ade a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ nnam, hyɛn mframa kwan no mu, ansa na wɔrewo no anaasɛ bere a wɔrewo no.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi aba wɔ `(Aspiration)` mu?

Seesei ebia woredwene sɛ, ‘Oo, dɛn ne no, sɛ ɛkyere kakra a, wubetumi abɔ no kɛkɛ.’ Yiw, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ saa. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, titiriw sɛ wuntumi nyi biribi a akɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so mfi hɔ a, ebetumi de nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den aba. Nea wɔyɛ ni:

• Aspiration ahurututu mu yare. Eyi ne ɔhaw a ɛtaa ba na ɛyɛ hu sen biara. Ɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba ahurututu mu a nneɛma a akɔ ɔhome kwan no mu na ɛde ba.
• Ahurututu mu akisikuru. Akisikuru a wɔaboaboa ano wɔ ahurututu no mu, na ɛyɛ akisikuru.
• Ɔhome mu haw a emu yɛ den (ARDS). Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛma ɔhome yɛ den yiye na ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.
• Ahurututu a abubu / pneumothorax.
• Mframa a ɛhyɛ ahurututu ne koko fasu ntam (pneumomediastinum).
• Ahurututu mu ɔfe (pneumonitis). Ebia eyi mfi ɔyare mmoawa bi, na mmom ebetumi afi nnuru a biribi te sɛ yafunu mu acid sɛe no nso.
• Asphyxiation yɛ owu a ɛnam ne menewa so. Saa tebea yi betumi aba sɛ mframa kwan no asiw koraa anaasɛ nsu pii hyɛn nipadua no mu, na ɛma nipadua no hwere mframa pa.

Saa ɔhaw a emu yɛ den yi betumi aba titiriw sɛ woretwe wo ho a wunnim (wɔfrɛ eyi komm aspiration), anaasɛ sɛ wofe bere a w’adwene sua (sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wode nsa, nnuru a wɔde da, anaa nnubɔne afoforo adi dwuma a).

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu ``(Aspiration)`` tebea bi?

Oduruyɛfo betumi agyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ne sɛ ebia wokae sɛ wowɔ aspiration bi so no, ɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow a edidi so yi de ahu tebea no anaa ne nsɛnnennen:

• X-ray anaa CT scan a wɔyɛ wɔ koko mu.
• Bronchoscopy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde afiri bi a mfoninitwa afiri ketewaa bi wom hyɛ mframa kwan no mu hwɛ sɛ ebia biribi asiw anaasɛ asɛe anaa.
• Sputum amammerɛ. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ ne nea ɛde ba anaa.
• Adesua a wɔde mene ade.Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi de hwɛ sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ menewa mu anaa.

Sɛ wususuw sɛ woanya aspiration, anaasɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a wususuw sɛ ebetumi ama woanya aspiration a wunnim a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wobɔ wo duruyɛfo amanneɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wo ne ``(Aspiration)`` di?

Nnuruyɛfo sa ``Aspiration`` bi denam aduan anaa ade foforo a akɔ mframa kwan no mu a woyi fi hɔ so, sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a. Ɛtɔ da bi a wobetumi ayi afi hɔ bere koro no ara mu sɛnea ``Bronchoscopy`` a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no. Sɛ biribi akɔhyɛ wo menewam na wuhia ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ a, wɔde akwan te sɛ ``Heimlich maneuver`` bedi dwuma de abɔ mmɔden sɛ wobetu afi hɔ.

Nea ɛka ho no, wubetumi ayɛ nea edidi so yi na ama wo mframa kwan no abue na woasa nsɛnnennen:

• Oxygen a wɔde ka ho.
• Bronchodilators: Eyinom yɛ adwuma denam mframa kwan a ɛtrɛw kakra so.
• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa. Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ a.

Sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a ɛhyɛ wo ase a ɛde wo to asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobɛtwetwe wo ho a, ebia ebehia sɛ wokɔ so nya saa tebea no ho ayaresa. Nanso, sɛ woanya aspiration na wutumi tu, na wunni aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo biara a ɛhyɛ wo ase a, ebia worenhia ayaresa titiriw biara.

So ɛbɛyɛ yiye ara kwa bere a abɛyɛ `(Aspiration)` no?

Wo nipadua betumi ayi nsu nketenkete ne nneɛma nketenkete afi w’ahurututu ne mframa kwan mu. Ɛyɛ eyi denam nsu a ɛkyere wɔn wɔ nsu mu na ɛde nneɛma nketenkete a ɛte sɛ nhwi a wɔfrɛ no ``cilia'' piapia wɔn kɔ soro de piapia wɔn fi adi no so. Nipadua no nso tumi yam wɔn na ɛtwe wɔn.

Nanso, sɛ aduan, nsu, anaa nneɛma foforo pii hyɛn mframa kwan no mu a, mmoawa betumi anyin na wɔde ɔyare mmoawa aba. Eyi te saa titiriw sɛ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw a. Afei nso, sɛ yafunu mu acid kɔ mframa kwan no mu a, ebetumi asɛe mframa kwan no bere a bere kɔ so no.

So wobetumi asiw Aspiration ano?

Yiw, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ aspiration mu no so akodu baabi. Ɛho hia sɛ wudi ayaresa tebea biara a ɛda adi so, titiriw sɛ wowɔ bi a, na wudi anammɔn bi akyi bere a woredidi na worenom no na aboa w’aduan ma afa mu yiye.

Ɔkasa ho ɔyaresafo betumi akyerɛkyerɛ wo akwan pɔtee bi a ɔbɛfa so atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛpɛ sɛ wopɛ no so. Afotu ahorow bi a wɔtaa de ma ni:

• Tena ase gyina hɔ bere nyinaa bere a woredidi na worenom no. Mma nnidi anaa nnom bere a wode wo ho to fam anaa woda fam no.
• Ma wo nipadua no gyina hɔ (anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛnyɛ digrii 45) anyɛ yiye koraa no dɔnhwerew biako bere a woadi awie no. Mma nnna fam bere a woredidi no.
• Twitwa aduan mu nketenkete, we no yiye, na mene. Mfa ahopere nnidi.
• Fa akwan a wɔfa so mene nneɛma a wɔbɔ mmɔden di dwuma. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode ntini a ɛwɔ wo menewam no bedi dwuma de ahoɔden apia aduan akɔ fam na woamene. Bisa wo duruyɛfo anaa ɔkasa ho ɔyaresafo no eyi ho asɛm.
• Tew ɔkasa ne serew a wobɛserew bere a woredidi no so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn fa `(Aspiration)` ho?

Sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wubenya aspiration a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa sɛnea wubesiw ano. Ɔbɛkyerɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ ho ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu. Sɛ wo menewa taa yɛ wo yaw anaasɛ wofefe a, mmu w’ani ngu so sɛnea ɛte daa.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a egye ntɛmpɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a , ɛsɛ sɛ wofrɛ 1990 ntɛm ara anaasɛ wokɔ ayaresabea dan a ɛbɛn wo a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ mu:

• Sɛ wuntumi nmene sɛnea ɛsɛ a.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a, sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho atɔ wo.
• Sɛ wo honam ani, w’ano, anaa wo nnadewa dan bruu anaa kɔkɔɔ a.
• Sɛ wowɔ koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den a.
• Sɛ wote nka denneennen sɛ aduan anaa ade bi akɔhyɛ wo menewam anaa mframa kwan mu, na wuntumi nyi mfi mu, sɛ wode kyɛnsee mpo a.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wubisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom bere a worekɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ebetumi aboa wo ma woate tebea yi ase na woadi ho dwuma:

• Dɛn na ɛma saa ``(Aspiration)`` tebea yi taa ba me mu?
• Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ ``(Aspiration)'' mu yi so wɔ me da biara da asetra mu?
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye wɔ ho titiriw?
• Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi? Dɛn na eye ma me?

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Yɛn mu pii anya osuahu sɛ aduan "kɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so" na ɛkɔ yɛn menewam. Mpɛn pii no, yɛn nipadua no pam asinasin nketenkete anaa nsu no anaasɛ ɛtwe fi mu. Nanso, wɔ tebea horow bi mu, titiriw wɔ ayaresa tebea horow a ɛhyɛ ase ho no, saa ``apɛde'' yi betumi ayɛ asiane. Enti, wo ne wo duruyɛfoɔ nkasa mfa akwan a wobɛfa so atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛnya ``aspiration.'' Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi a wosusu sɛ ɛbɛtumi afiri ``aspiration'' mu a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotuo. W’akwahosan a wobɛhwɛ so yiye ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara.

` Menewa a ɛyɛ den, aspiration, mframa kwan, aduan a ɛsiw, ahurututu mu yare, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛmene