Yɛtaa te nsɛm te sɛ "Ɔbarima a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden nya komayare mpofirim." Nokwarem no, mmere dodow no ara, wɔ nyarewa a ɛyɛ hu a ɛba mpofirim a ɛte saa akyi no, ɔtamfo bi a ɔyɛ komm a wayɛ den wɔ yɛn nipadua mu mfe pii ni. Wɔfrɛ saa ɔtamfo no "Atheroma." Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ srade ne srade a ɛyɛ den a ɛboaboa ano wɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu. Nnipa binom nso frɛ eyi "plaque."
Dɛn ankasa ne atheroma?
Susuw nsu afiri bi a ɛwɔ wo fie ho. Bere kɔ so no, efĩ ne nkannare boaboa ano wɔ paipu no mu, na ɛma ntokuru ba paipu no mu na ɛma nsu dodow a ebetumi afa mu no so tew. Saa ara na ɛkɔ so wɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu. Bere kɔ so no, nneɛma te sɛ srade, srade, ne calcium fi ase boaboa ano wɔ saa ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ yɛn nipadua nyinaa mu yi mu. Wɔfrɛ saa nneɛma a ɛboaboa ano yi atheroma, anaasɛ plaque .
Ɛnyɛ ade biako na ɛka bom yɛ saa atheroma layer yi. Ɛyɛ nneɛma a wɔaka abom.
| Nsɛm a ɛwɔ atheroma layer no mu | Dɛn na ɛto wɔn? |
|---|---|
| Cholesterol ne srade afoforo | Eyinom ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛma atheroma ba. |
| Calcium a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu | Sɛ wɔde calcium ka ho a, srade a ɛwɔ mu yi yɛ den na ɛyɛ den. Eyi ne nea wɔfrɛ no "mogya ntini a ɛyɛ den." |
| Mogya mu nkwammoaa ne protein ahorow | Nkwammoaa ne protein ahorow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu nso bata saa ade yi ho, na ɛma ɛyɛ kɛse mpo. |
| Nkwammoaa a ɛma ɔhyew | Nkwammoaa a ɛba esiane ɔhyew tebea horow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nti nso ka saa adeyɛ yi ho. |
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ atheroma nyɛ akisikuru. Ɛyɛ akwahosan ho haw a ɛfa mogya ntini ne koma ho.
Dɛn nti na atheroma yɛ asiane?
Saa srade a ɛwɔ hɔ yi betumi apira yɛn wɔ akwan atitiriw abien so bere a ɛboaboa ano wɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu no.
1. Mogya ntini a ɛyɛ teateaa nkakrankakra: Bere kɔ so no, saa atheroma fã yi nyin nkakrankakra. Afei ɔkwan a mogya fa so sen no yɛ teateaa. Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ nea wosisi adan wɔ ɔkwan bi afanu nyinaa na wobubu ɔkwan no. Eyi ma mogya dodow a ɛkɔ akwaa a ɛho hia te sɛ koma, amemene, ne nan mu no so tew.
2. Ɛpaapae mpofirim na mogya tu: Eyi ne ade a asiane wom sen biara. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa srade a ɛwɔ mu yi betumi apae mpofirim. Esiane sɛ baabi a apaapae no te sɛ kuru nti, yɛn nipadua no yɛ mogya a ɛtɔ de sa kuru no. Esiane saa mogya a ɛretu no nti, mogya ntini no betumi asiw mpofirim koraa.
- Sɛ mogya a ɛtwetwe yi ba koma mu ntini bi a ɛde mogya kɔ koma no mu mu a , komayare ba.
- Sɛ mogya ntini bi a ɛde mogya kɔ amemene no mu no siw , akisikuru ba.
Nsonsonoe a ɛda Atheroma ne Atherosclerosis ntam
Ɛwom sɛ sɛ wote a, ɛte sɛ nea nsɛmfua abien yi yɛ pɛ de, nanso nsonsonoe kakra wɔ mu.
- Atheroma: Eyi kyerɛ srade a ɛboaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini mu. Eyi ne ade a ɛde yare no ba.
- Atherosclerosis: Eyi yɛ tebea a srade (atheroma) boaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini no mu.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, atheroma yɛ ‘efĩ’ a ɛboaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini no mu. Atherosclerosis yɛ ‘yare’ a ɛwɔ saa efĩ no mu. Saa yare yi nnya da koro pɛ. Enya nkɔso nkakrankakra wɔ mfe pii mu, ebia efi bere a na yɛyɛ mmofra no.
Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse sɛ obenya atheroma?
Nea ɛde atheroma ba titiriw ne mogya ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (endothelium) a ɛsɛe. Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ɛma saa ɔsɛe yi ba, i.e., ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya ntini mu yare no yɛ kɛse.
- Cholesterol a ɛkɔ soro: Titiriw no, srade "bɔne" (LDL) dodow a ɛkɔ soro.
- Mogya mmoroso: Sɛ mogya mmoroso kɔ soro a, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya ntini bɛsɛe.
- Asikreyare: Asikre dodow a enni mogya mu no betumi asɛe mogya ntini ahorow.
- Sigaretnom: Nnuru a ɛwɔ tawa mu no sɛe mogya ntini tẽẽ.
- Aduan a ɛnyɛ papa: Nnuan a ngo, srade, asikre, ne nkyene pii wom a wɔtaa di (titiriw srade a ɛyɛ dɛ ne trans fat).
- Mpanyinyɛ: Mmarima a wɔadi boro mfe 45 ne mmea a wɔadi boro mfe 55 wɔ asiane kɛse mu.
- Abusua abakɔsɛm: Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya komayare wɔ ne mmofraase a, wo nso wowɔ asiane kɛse mu.
- Nyarewa a ɛma obi ho hyehye no: Nyarewa a ɛma nipadua no yɛ hyew te sɛ ntini mu yare a obi nya.
Nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na nipadua no da no adi?
Ade a ɛyɛ hu wɔ eyi ho ne sɛ mpɛn pii no ɛnyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara . Ebia worenhu biribiara kosi sɛ mogya ntini bi besiw bɛboro 70%. Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba ampa a, ebegyina mogya ntini a asiw kwan no so.
| Mogya ntini a ɛka no | Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ebetumi aba |
|---|---|
| Coronary arteries (mogya ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ koma no mu) . | Koko mu yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ den a ɛba bere a woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu anaa woforo antweri (stable angina). Ɛkɔ bere a woagye w’ahome no. |
| Carotid arteries (mogya ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ amemene no mu) . | Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase. Sɛ nhwɛso no: ano a ɛhwe ase, nsa anaa nan bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, kasa a ɛyɛ den. |
| Ntini a ɛma mogya kɔ nan no mu (Iliac anaa femoral arteries) . | Ɛyaw a ɛba nan mu, titiriw wɔ akyi berɛmo no mu, bere a wonam no. Ɛyaw no kɔ bere a wugyina hɔ kakra (claudication). |
| Adwene mu ntini ahorow | Mogya mmoroso a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobedi so, asaabo dwumadi so tew. |
Esiane sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ a ɛte sɛ eyinom nti, ɛho hia sɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ asiane ahorow no yɛ nhwehwɛmu daa wɔ aduruyɛ mu afotu ho .
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi adi tebea yi so?
Ade biako a ɛho hia wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛte ase wɔ ha. Ɛne sɛ, ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wobeyi atheroma a ayɛ dedaw no afi hɔ koraa anaasɛ wɔbɛdan no.Nanso, yebetumi asiw tebea yi ano na ansɛe anaasɛ yɛbɛma ayɛ brɛoo kɛse. Asetra mu nsakrae ne sɛ ɛho hia a, nnuru betumi aboa kɛse.
Eyinom yɛ nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ wo mogya ntini ho ban.
- Kwati sigaretnom koraa: Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret a, sigaretnom a wubegyae no ne gyinae a eye sen biara a wubetumi asi. Sɛ ɛho hia a, srɛ wo duruyɛfo ma ɔmmoa wo wɔ eyi ho.
- Fa aduan a ɛma koma nya ahoɔden di dwuma: Twe wo ho fi nnuan a srade wom, nnuan a wɔayam, nnuan a wɔde di ntɛmntɛm, keeki, ne bisket ho sɛnea wubetumi biara. Tow nnuan a srade a ɛyɛ dɛ ne trans fat pii wom ano hye. Mmom no, fa nhabannuru, nnuaba, atoko, nnuaba, ne mpataa ka w’aduan ho. Tew asikre, nkyene, ne esiam a wɔayam a wudi so.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, nantew, tu mmirika, anaa sakre simma 30 da biara, anyɛ yiye koraa no nnafua 5 dapɛn biara. Nanso wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa ansa na woafi apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nhyehyɛe foforo ase.
- Fa nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no di dwuma sɛnea wɔakyerɛw ama wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ: Sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi te sɛ srade, mogya mmoroso, anaa asikreyare a, fa wo nnuru no sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ, wɔ mmere a ɛfata mu. Nnyae wo nnuru nom da a wunnya wo duruyɛfo afotu.
- Kɔ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu afe biara: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛnkoro afe biara na kɔhwɛ wo srade, asikre, ne mogya mmoroso. Saa kwan no so no, wubetumi ahu ɔhaw biara ntɛm.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Atheroma yɛ ɔtamfo a ɔyɛ komm a ɔyɛ yɛn mogya ntini mu na otumi nyin a ɛnkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara.
- Cholesterol a ɛdɔɔso, mogya mmoroso, asikreyare, ne titiriw no sigaretnom betumi ama tebea yi asɛe ntɛmntɛm.
- Ebia worente nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ kosi sɛ mogya ntini bi besiw bɛboro 70%. Enti hu nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba no.
- Ɛwom sɛ wontumi nsa no koraa de, nanso wobetumi de asetra a ɛfata ne aduruyɛ a ɛfata adi ne nyin so.
- Hwɛ w’akwahosan so bere nyinaa. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo anaa w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa.
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