Dɛn ne srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu?

Ebia woate srade ho asɛm wɔ baabi, ɛnte saa? Ebia wo duruyɛfo kaa ho asɛm kyerɛɛ wo , anaasɛ woahu wɔ atesɛm krataa mu anaa TV so. Nnipa pii susuw sɛ mogya mu srade yɛ ade bɔne ma yɛn nipadua. Nanso so ɛno yɛ nokware ankasa?

Dɛn na ɛba srade a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no so?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, srade yɛ srade bi a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Nyansahu mu no, ɛyɛ ``lipid''. Esiane sɛ saa srade yi ntumi nkɔ nsu mu nti, ɛnkɔ yɛn mogya mu, na mmom ɛnam mogya no mu kɔ nipadua no fã biara. Susuw ho hwɛ, srade ho hia na ama yɛn nipadua no ayɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛwɔ nnwuma pii ma yɛn nipadua:

• Cholesterol boa ma yɛkyekye ɔfasu a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban twa nkwammoaa nketenkete a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a wɔfrɛ no nkwammoaa mu ntini ho hyia . Saa nkwammoaa mu ntini yi na ɛhwɛ nea ɛkɔ nkwammoaa mu ne nea ɛkɔ nkwammoaa mu. Te sɛ ɔpon bi.
• Cholesterol boa yɛn mmerɛbo ma ɛyɛ bile . Sɛnea wunim no, saa bile yi ho hia na ama aduan a yedi no atumi ayam yiye.
• Afei nso, srade ho hia na ama yɛatumi ayɛ hormone ahorow a yɛn nipadua yɛ no bi, titiriw nna mu hormone ne vitamin D.

Hwɛ? Cholesterol nyɛ ade bɔne ara kwa. Ɛboa yɛn nipadua ma ɛyɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia pii.

Enti sɛ srade ho hia a, dɛn nti na yɛhaw yɛn ho saa?

Yiw, yɛn nipadua hia srade dodow bi ankasa na ama ayɛ adwuma. Nanso, ɔhaw no ne bere a srade a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no dɔɔso dodo. Te sɛ bere a yedi aduan no, sɛ yedi pii sen nea yehia a, yɛyare. Saa ara na sɛ srade dɔɔso, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu no dɔɔso sen dodow a wɔhwehwɛ (hyperlipidemia) anaasɛ srade ahorow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no nkari pɛ (dyslipidemia) a, yebetumi anya akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den. Titiriw no, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare , kyerɛ sɛ, mogya mu ntini mu yare no dɔɔso yiye.

Nokwarem no, srade a yɛn nipadua hia no bɛyɛ 80% na yɛn mmerɛbo na ɛyɛ. Nea aka no fi nnuan a yedi mu. Mpɛn pii no, yɛn nipadua tumi yi srade a ɛboro so a ɛwɔ saa nnuan yi mu no. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa adeyɛ yi ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye, anaasɛ srade dodow a yedi fi nnuan a yedi mu no bɛyɛ nea ɛboro so dodo sɛ yebedi ho dwuma.

Enti ɔkwan bɛn so na srade a ɛboro so yi kɔ nipadua no mu?

Ebia nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa.

• Awosu mu nneɛma a ɛde ba:Nnipa binom wɔ awosu mu tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no `` Familial Hypercholesterolemia ''. Ɛyɛ den ma obi a ɔwɔ saa tebea yi sɛ obeyi srade a ɔmpɛ afi mogya no mu yiye. Bere kɔ so no, srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu no dɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu na ne dodow kɔ soro.
• Yɛn aduan: Ade foforo a ɛho hia ne aduan a yedi . Nnuan a yedi no bi betumi ama yɛn srade a ɛwɔ yɛn mu no akɔ soro. Saa ɔhaw yi betumi aba bere a yedi srade a ɛyɛ den a efi mmoa nneɛma mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, nam, nufusu, kyiisi, bɔta) ne trans srade (a wɔtaa hu wɔ nnuan a wɔayɛ, nnuan a wɔakyekyere, ne nnuan a wɔde di ntɛmntɛm mu) pii no. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ yɛhwɛ yiye wɔ nea yedi ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na srade a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no tu kwan?

Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ srade wɔ yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa biara mu. Nanso yɛka srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu ho asɛm na yɛte ho asɛm kɛse. Esiane sɛ srade yɛ nnuru nti, n’ankasa ntumi mfa mogya no mu. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ka nneɛma nketenkete afoforo ho. Enti, srade ne protein ne srade foforo a wɔfrɛ no triglycerides bom . Yɛfrɛ ade titiriw a srade, protein, ne triglycerides a wɔaka abom ayɛ yi sɛ lipoprotein .

Dɛn ne saa lipoproteins yi?

Susuw lipoproteins ho sɛ kar nketewa a srade ne protein na ɛyɛ. Saa kar ahorow yi tumi fa mogya no mu fa nipadua no nyinaa mu. Ɔkwan foforo so no, wɔte sɛ akorow a wɔde nneɛma fi kurow biako mu kɔ foforo mu. Ahyɛmma bi de nnuan ne nneɛma afoforo kɔ kurow no mu. Ɔkorow foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛde nwura a efi kurow no mu kɔ.

Ɛte saa ara wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Lipoproteins bi wɔ hɔ a ɛde srade kɔ nipadua no mu ntini ne nkwammoaa ahorow mu. Saa srade yi ho hia ma nipadua no. Nanso sɛ ɛkɔ soro dodo a, ɛyɛ bɔne. Ɛno nti na yehia lipoproteins ahorow afoforo a ɛfa saa srade a ɛboro so no na eyi fi hɔ no.

Ebia woate saa lipoproteins yi ho asɛm denam wɔn abodin so. Wɔtaa frɛ wɔn LDL srade ne HDL srade. Eyinom ne srade ahorow atitiriw abien no. Nanso ahorow afoforo nso wɔ hɔ. Enti momma yɛnhwɛ nea srade ahorow yi yɛ ne nea ɛyɛ wɔ nipadua no mu yiye.

Dɛn ne srade ahorow a yebisa ho asɛm yi?

Cholesterol ahorow pii wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔfrɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛhwɛ srade a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no sɛ lipid profile.Sɛ woyɛ biako a, wubehu sɛ wɔakyerɛw srade ahorow pii wɔ saa amanneɛbɔ no mu. Sɛ wuhu nea ɔkwan biara kyerɛ wie a, ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse ama wo sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu ho.

LDL srade – so eyi ne nea wɔfrɛ no “bɔne” srade?

LDL srade gyina hɔ ma Low-Density Lipoproteins . Saa nneɛma nketenkete yi yɛ srade titiriw. LDL ahorow yi adwuma ne sɛ ɛde srade bɛkɔ nipadua no nkwammoaa mu. Wɔato LDL ahorow din sɛ srade “bɔne” . Dɛn nti na ɛte saa?

LDL ho hia yɛn nipadua ankasa. Nanso ɔhaw no ne bere a ɛdɔɔso dodo di akɔneaba wɔ mogya no mu no. Afei saa LDL srade yi ne nneɛma afoforo fi ase boaboa ano wɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu, kyerɛ sɛ, yɛn ntini no afasu mu. Yɛfrɛ srade a ɛyɛ den a ɛba saa kwan yi so no ‘plaque’ . Bere kɔ so no, saa abonnua yi nyin nkakrankakra, na ɛma baabi a ɛwɔ ntini no mu no so tew. Wɔfrɛ ntini a ɛboaboa ano wɔ ntini no afasu mu wɔ saa kwan yi so no sɛ atherosclerosis . Saa tebea yi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nyarewa a ɛyɛ hu te sɛ komayare ne akisikuru no yɛ kɛse.

Enti ɛho hia sɛ woma wo LDL srade dodow nkɔ fam . Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɔpanyin a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛma ayɛ nea ɛba fam sen 100 mg/dL (milligram wɔ deciliter biara mu). Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ atherosclerosis, a ɛyɛ srade a ɛboaboa ano wɔ wo ntini mu a, nnuruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ sɛ ma wo LDL srade dodow nkɔ fam nsen 70 mg/dL.

HDL cholesterol – enti so eyi ne cholesterol “pa”?

HDL srade gyina hɔ ma High-Density Lipoproteins . Protein titiriw na ɛyɛ saa lipoproteins yi. Wonim HDL sɛ srade “pa” . Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ HDL fa srade a ɛboro so wɔ mogya no mu na ɛsan de kɔ mmerɛbo no mu. Afei mmerɛbo no bubu srade a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no mu na eyi fi nipadua no mu. Wɔsan frɛ adeyɛ a ɛho hia yi reverse cholesterol transport.

Wo HDL srade dodow yɛ biribi a wopɛ sɛ woma ɛkɔ soro . Sɛ woyɛ ɔbarima a, ɛsɛ sɛ wode si w’ani so sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wo HDL dodow bɛyɛ 40 mg/dL. Sɛ woyɛ ɔbea a, ɛsɛ sɛ wode si w’ani so sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wobɛma ayɛ 50 mg/dL.

Wɔ mpanyimfo nyinaa fam no, wobu HDL dodow a ɛboro 60 mg/dL sɛ eye yiye. Ɛboa nso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no so tew.

So biribi te sɛ VLDL srade wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, VLDL srade gyina hɔ ma Very Low-Density Lipoproteins.VLDL de triglycerides (srade foforo) ne srade titiriw na ɛba. Protein kakraa bi na ɛwom sen ahorow afoforo no. Te sɛ LDL no, wobu VLDL sɛ “bɔne” efisɛ ebetumi aboa ma ntini a ɛwɔ yɛn ntini mu no ayɛ kɛse.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, srade pa (HDL) boa ma woyi srade bɔne (nneɛma a epira a efi LDL ne VLDL mu) fi mogya no mu. LDL srade ne ade titiriw a ɛma nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ ntini no mu no yɛ kɛse.

Nneɛma bɛn na ebetumi aka me srade dodow?

Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka yɛn srade dodow. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Mfe: Bere a yɛrenyin no, mpɛn pii no, srade a ɛwɔ yɛn mu no tumi kɔ soro nkakrankakra.
• Aduan: Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, srade a ɛyɛ den ne trans fat a ɛwɔ nnuan a yedi mu no betumi ama wo LDL ("bɔne") srade dodow akɔ soro. Sɛ wodi srade ahorow yi kakraa bi a, ebetumi aboa kɛse ma srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu no so atew.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a woyɛ no daa a ɛkɔ fam no betumi aboa ma wo HDL (“papa”) srade dodow akɔ soro. Bɔ mmɔden sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wubenya apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu yɛ den simma 30 dapɛn no mu nna dodow no ara.
• Awosu: W’awosu mu nkwaadɔm nso di dwuma wɔ srade dodow a wo nipadua yɛ no mu. Wɔ mmusua bi mu no, srade a ɛdɔɔso tumi tu mmirika wɔ mmusua mu.
• Bɔbeasu ne hormone ahorow: Ansa na mmea begyae brayɛ no, wɔtaa nya srade a ɛwɔ wɔn nyinaa mu no so tew sen mmarima. Nanso, bere a mmea agyae brayɛ akyi no, ebia srade a ɛwɔ LDL (“bɔne”) dodow kɔ soro na srade a ɛwɔ HDL (“papa”) no so tew.

So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ me srade mu srade mu? Sɛ ɛkɔ soro a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ?

Aane saa ara! Ɛho hia sɛ obiara hu ne srade dodow. Mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ srade mu nhwehwɛmu, anaasɛ lipid panel a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no gyina wo mfe ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛde komayare ba (e.g., asikreyare, mogya mmoroso, sigaretnom) so. Enti, eye sɛ wo ne w’abusua oduruyɛfo bɛkasa na woabisa mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ eyi mu. Sɛ wunim wo srade dodow a ɛwɔ wo mu no yɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ wo ho ban afi komayare ho daakye no mu biako.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ amanneɛbɔ no ka sɛ wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mu no dɔɔso a, mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛw ayaresa a ɛho hia ama wo. Ayaresa atitiriw a wobetumi apaw ama eyi ne:

• Nsakrae a ɛba aduan mu: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wobɛfa aduan pa a srade nnim, srade kakraa bi, ahoɔdennuru pii, na nnuaba ne nhabannuru pii wom.
• Nsakrae a ɛba asetra mu:Nneɛma te sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wobɛyɛ daa, wo mu duru a wobɛhwɛ so, ne sigaretnom a wubegyae koraa.
• Nnuru: Ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama nnipa binom sɛ wɔde aduan ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ nkutoo bedi wɔn mogya mu srade so. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew te sɛ statin.

Wɔ nnipa pii fam no, akwan yi a wɔaka abom ne ɔkwan a etu mpɔn sen biara a wɔfa so siw mogya mu srade ano. Nanso sɛ wubehu ɔkwan a eye ma wo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ sɛnea srade a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te na wo ne oduruyɛfo kasa.

Enti, sɛ woankɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bere tiaa bi a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔhwɛ sɛnea w’akwahosan te. Kɔ kɔhwɛ sɛnea wo duruyɛfo nhyehyɛe kyerɛ no. Kɔ so nya wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu, mogya mmoroso, ne asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo koma ne wo mogya ntini no akwahosan ho asɛm. Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ ntɛm dodo da sɛ wubesusuw wo koma akwahosan ho. Ɛfata sɛ wufi ase susuw nea wubetumi ayɛ na ama ayɛ yiye nnɛ no ho.

Enti, nkrasɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi eyinom nyinaa mu?

Cholesterol yɛ srade bi a edi dwuma titiriw wɔ yɛn nipadua mu na ɛho hia ma yɛn. Sɛ yebetumi atra ase yiye a, ɛsɛ sɛ yenya srade dodow a ɛfata wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Nanso, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ srade a ɛdɔɔso dodo wɔ mogya mu no betumi ayɛ asiane ama w’akwahosan. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia kɛse sɛ wobɛhwɛ wo srade dodow daa na wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa nea saa gyinapɛn ahorow no kyerɛ ho no.

Kae sɛ, sɛ wudi aduan pa, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa, na wudi wo duruyɛfo afotu akyi a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wubetumi adi wo srade dodow so na woatra ase a ahoɔden wom na abotɔyam wom. Ate aseɛ? Enti, momma yɛnhwɛ eyi so mfi nnɛ!