So wo hwene yɛ nwunu bere nyinaa? So ɛwɔ hua bɔne ne akisikuru? Ebetumi ayɛ (Atrophic Rhinitis)!

So wote nka nso sɛ wo hwene yɛ nwunu bere nyinaa? So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo hwene hua yɛ hu, anaasɛ wote nka sɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa reyɛ wɔ wo hwene mu? Afei eyi yɛ biribi a ebia ɛho hia wo. Yɛfrɛ saa tebea yi `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`. Momma yɛnka ho asɛm tiawa na yɛmfa ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛte ase so.

Dɛn ne `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` yɛ tebea a ɛma ntini a ɛwɔ wo hwene mu no wow na ɛyɛ ketewaa. Fa no sɛ afifide a ɛreyow a nsu nni mu. Bere kɔ so no, saa ntini yi yɛ teateaa na ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ayɛ den . Ne saa nti, mframa kwan a ɛfa wo hwene mu no trɛw. Nanso ɔhaw no ne sɛ, esiane sɛ nsu biara nni wo hwene mu nti, akisikuru bi ba wo hwene mu a ɛyɛ hua bɔne yiye . Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛhyɛ abufuw ankasa.

Dɛn na nsɛmfua "Atrophic" ne "Rhinitis" kyerɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛte tebea yi ase yiye a, momma yɛnhwehwɛ nsɛmfua abien yi mu kakra.

• Atrophic anaa atrophy yɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛmfua a wɔde gyina hɔ ma ntini a ɛtwetwe, ɛyɛ teateaa, anaa ɛyera. Wɔ atrophic rhinitis mu no, wo hwene mu aduru a ɛyɛ tratraa (a ɛte sɛ honam ani) a wɔfrɛ no mucosa no yɛ tratraa na afei ɛyɛ den . Saa ntini yi kata nnompe nketenkete a ɛwɔ wo hwene mu a wɔfrɛ no turbinates a ɛma mframa a yɛhome no yɛ hyew, ɛma ɛyɛ nwini, na ɛsesa no so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa turbinates yi nso tumi twetwe anaasɛ ɛyɛ teateaa.
• Rhinitis yɛ hwene mu ntini a ɛho ahon (a wɔsan frɛ no edema) ne ɔfe. Saa ɔfe yi betumi aka wo home nhyehyɛe na ama ayɛ den sɛ wobɛhome.

Enti, ɛda adi pefee ma wo mprempren sɛ `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` yɛ tebea a ɛma ntini a ɛwɔ hwene no mu no twetwe, ɛho ahonhon, na ɛyɛ hyew.

`(Atrophic Rhinitis)` abu so dɛn?

Atrophic Rhinitis yɛ akisikuru bi a ɛnyɛ akisikuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew na ɛde ba . Atiridiinini a ɛtaa ba no yɛ eyi ho nhwɛso foforo. Wɔ bere biara mu no, wobu akontaa sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 30 wɔ United States wɔ akisikuru bi a ɛnyɛ nea ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew. Sri Lanka nso nyɛ nea ɛka saa tebea yi ho.

Nsonsonoe a ɛda anom a ɛnyɛ akisikuru ne akisikuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew ntam

Nsonsonoe kakra wɔ saa abien yi ntam.

• Nneɛma bi (allergens) a ɛkanyan yɛn nipadua no nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa (immune response) na ɛde allergic rhinitis ( a wɔsan frɛ no hay fever) ba. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne pollen, nsunsu, ne mmoa dander. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no bi ne hwene a ɛretu, ahurututu, ne aniwa a ɛyɛ wo yaw .Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ hwene a ɛretu, ahurututu, menewa a ɛyɛ yaw, ne nsu a ɛtɔ wɔ anom akyi.
• Wɔ rhinitis a ɛnyɛ allergic mu no , mpɛn pii no, nneɛma te sɛ hua, wusiw, nnuru bi, ne hormone a ɛnkari pɛ na ɛde ahurututu ne hwene mu nsu a ɛtwetwe ba. Postnosal drip nso betumi ama ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa. Atrophic rhinitis hyɛ saa kuw yi mu.

Dɛn ne `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` ahorow?

`(Atrophic Rhinitis)` ahodoɔ titire mmienu na ɛwɔ hɔ:

1. Primary Atrophic Rhinitis : Eyi ho yɛ na yiye wɔ aman te sɛ Amerika Atifi fam. Nanso, wɔ aman a wim tebea yɛ hyew na ɛyɛ kusuu te sɛ India, Afrika, ne Saudi Arabia mu no, mpanyimfo bɛyɛ 1% betumi anya eyi. Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, saa ɔkwan yi betumi aba mmoa te sɛ anantwi ne mprako nso mu.

2. Secondary Atrophic Rhinitis : Eyi ka nnipa a wɔayɛ wɔn sinus oprehyɛn kɛse. Eyi betumi asi titiriw bere a wɔayɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde tew turbinate so akyi. Nea ɛka oprehyɛn yi ho ne sɛ woyi turbinates no bi anaa ne nyinaa fi hɔ. Eyi ma ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no twetwe.

Afei nso ma tebea a wɔfrɛ no `(Rhinitis Medicamentosa)` no ntra w'adwenem: Nnipa binom de `(nasal decongestants)` (sɛ nhwɛso no `(sprays)` te sɛ `(oxymetazoline)` ne `(phenylephrine)`) di dwuma bere tenten. Mpɛn pii no, wɔmfa nhyɛ nyansa sɛ wɔmfa `(sprays)` nni dwuma te sɛ eyi bɛboro nnansa a ɛtoatoa so. Sɛ wokɔ so de di dwuma a, wubetumi anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no `(Rhinitis Medicamentosa)`, a ebetumi mpo ama woanya `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`. Enti, eye sɛ wode hwene mu `(sprays)` bedi dwuma sɛnea oduruyɛfo kyerɛ no nkutoo.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` titiriw ba?

Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi de atrophic rhinitis titiriw aba:

• Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew.
• Mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba.
• Hormone estrogen a ɛnkari pɛ.
• Sɛ obi wɔ abusua no mu wɔ `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` (biribi a efi awosu mu).
• Aduannuru te sɛ dade, vitamin A, anaa vitamin D a enni nipadua mu.
• Sɛ awosu mu (`(awosu)`) nhyehyɛe mu nsakrae wɔ anom akwan no mu a.

Dɛn ne nea ɛde `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` a ɛto so abien ba?

Wɔ hwene mu oprehyɛn akyi no, asiane afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛma obi nya ``Atrophic Rhinitis`` a ɛto so abien:

• Autoimmune diseases (nyarewa a yɛn nipadua no ankasa ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa nipadua so).
• Nyarewa te sɛ `(Granulomatosis a ɛwɔ polyangiitis (GPA))` (kan no na wɔfrɛ no `(Wegener's)`).
• Nyarewa afoforo, a sinus yare ka ho.
• Mframa a wɔde sa kokoram.
• Yareɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Sarcoidosis``.
• Nyarewa a wonya fi nna mu te sɛ akisikuru.
• Akwanhyia anaa opira a ɛba hwene mu.
• Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, nnuru a wɔde petepete hwene mu a wɔde tew hwene mu a wɔde di dwuma bere tenten.

Dɛn ne `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw, ne nea ɛnyɛ den sɛ afoforo behu ne sɛ ɛyɛ akisikuru bi a ɛba hwene mu a ɛyɛ hua bɔne yiye . Sɛ wobɔ mmɔden sɛ wode wo nsa anaa biribi foforo beyi abon no afi hɔ a, ebia wobɛte hwene mu mogya (`(epistaxis)`). Wubetumi nso ate hua bɔne bi afi w’anom (`(halitosis)`).

Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa ne sɛ, ebia worenhu hua bɔne yi! Nanso akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ nnipa a wɔatwa wo ho ahyia no bɛhyɛ no nsow. Eyi betumi ama wo ho atɔ wo wɔ baguam.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a wobetumi ahu ne:

• Mogya a ɛtaa tu fi hwene mu (epistaxis).
• Nsu a ɛte sɛ akisikuru a efi hwene mu ba.
• Hwene a ɛyɛ nwunu na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa (eyi ne nea wudi kan te nka).
• Sinus mu nyarewa (sinusitis).

Fa no sɛ, obi bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no Nilanthi, a wanya saa nsensanee yi wɔ ne hwene so bere tenten, na ɛyɛ huam nso. Wayɛ n’ani agu so. Akyiri yi, ne nnamfonom kae sɛ, "Nilanthi, ɛtɔ mmere bi a sɛ me ne wo ho ahyia a, me hua a ɛyɛ nwonwa kakra." Ɛno na Nilanthi sii gyinae sɛ ɔbɛhwɛ eyi mu. Enti, ɛtɔ da bi a, yɛn ho betumi ayɛ yɛn yaw ama afoforo a yenhu mpo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ aso, hwene, ne menewa ho ɔbenfo (aso, anaa ENT oduruyɛfo) nkyɛn. Ɔbɛhwehwɛ wo mu na wadi kan agyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so ahu tebea no.

Nea ɛka ho no, wubetumi nso ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ eyinom:

• Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ allergy ho de kyerɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ allergy anaasɛ wonni bi.
• Twa hwene mu ntini no ho mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri (CT scan).
• Sɔhwɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no nasal endoscopy ne sɛ wɔde afiri a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (endoscope) a mfoninitwa afiri wom bɛhyɛ hwene no mu de ahwehwɛ polyps (nnyin) anaa ɔhaw afoforo a ɛwɔ hwene no mu.
• ``Nasal inspiratory flow test'' susuw mframa dodow a ɛfa hwene no mu bere a worehome no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?

Sɛ yɛbɛka nokware a, mprempren aduru biara nni hɔ a wɔde sa `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`. Nanso, ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde bɛtew saa akisikuru a ɛyɛ huam no so na wɔadi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Mma ɛnhaw wo, wubetumi de saa ayaresa ahorow yi anya ahotɔ.

Ayaresa a wɔde ma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so

• Fa srade a ekum ɔyare mmoawa gu hwene no mu (sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ a).
• Wɔde srade a ɛma hwene mu yɛ nwini ma na ama hwene no akɔ so ayɛ nwini.
• Nnuru a estrogen wom anaa aduru a wɔde petepete hwene mu.
• Vitamin ahorow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu.
• Fa humidifier di dwuma na ama mframa a ɛwɔ fie no mu ayɛ nwini akɔ soro.

Oprehyɛn a wɔde sa yare

Eyi ho yɛ na koraa, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa binom oprehyɛn na wɔasa saa tebea yi. Oprehyɛn ahorow wɔ hɔ a wobetumi apaw. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ ɔkwan a eye ma wo mu akyerɛ wo.

Oprehyɛn betumi ayɛ nneɛma te sɛ:

• Hwene tokuru biako ne hwene mu a wɔto mu (ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde afiri a wɔde yɛ nipadua no di dwuma).
• Anom akwan a wɔbɛtew so.
• Nnuru a wɔde hyɛ anom.

Ayaresa bɛn na wobetumi ayɛ wɔ fie?

Wubetumi ayɛ saa nneɛma yi wɔ fie de atew `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne so:

• Ma wo hwene kwan no nyɛ nwini : Fa nnuru a wɔde petepete hwene mu anaa nea wɔde gu hwene mu di dwuma sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ no. Nsu a nkyene wom a wode bɛhohoro wo hwene mu no yɛ adwene pa.
• Fa nsuo ka mframa ho : Fa humidifier di dwuma na ama nsuo a ɛwɔ mframa mu wɔ fie, titiriw wɔ mpa mu.
• Nsuo a wɔde gu hwene mu : Sɛ wode nkyene nsuo (a wɔde nkyene kakra gu nsuo a wɔanoa mu) hohoro hwene no mu a, ɛboa ma hwene no mu nsensaneeɛ fi hɔ na ɛma hwene no mu tew. Wubetumi de biribi te sɛ neti kuku adi dwuma ama eyi.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi aba wɔ `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` mu?

Ɛntaa nsi koraa, nanso atrophic rhinitis betumi ama woahwere wo hua koraa (anosmia) . Wubetumi nso anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no empty nose syndrome . Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Eyi ne bere a wo hwene kwan no abue na ɛtrɛw, nanso woda so ara te nka sɛ biribi akɔhyɛ wo hwene mu. Enti, ɛwom mpo sɛ w’ahurututu renya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso de, nanso ebia woda so ara te nka sɛ wo home yɛ wo yaw.

So wobetumi asiw `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` ano?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, mprempren ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` a ɛbɛba no ano.

Dɛn ne obi a ɔwɔ `(Atrophic Rhinitis)` no anidaso?

Atrophic Rhinitis yɛ tebea a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ (a enni sabea) . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛnkɔ koraa wɔ bere tiaa bi mu. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo. Wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma te sɛ wo hwene kwan a wobɛma ayɛ nwini, wobɛtew wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so, na woabɔ bra sɛnea ɛsɛ. Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wubedi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ eyinom a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu:

• Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a.
• Sɛ ɛte sɛ nea wo hua so atew a.
• Sɛ wowɔ ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa a.
• Sɛ hwene no kɔ so yɛ nwunu na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa a.
• Sɛ wowɔ atenka sɛ biribi asiw (`(nasal obstruction)`) ɛwom mpo sɛ wo hwene akwan abue.
• Sɛ wo hwene mu mogya taa tu a.

Ɛwom sɛ saa nneɛma yi betumi asi wɔ atiridiinini mu de, nanso sɛ ɛkɔ so a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wubebisa nsɛm yi:

• Adɛn nti na mewɔ `(Atrophic Rhinitis)`?
• Nnuru bɛn na ebetumi aboa me?
• Dɛn na metumi ayɛ wɔ fie na ama yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so atew?
• So ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ me oprehyɛn?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mihu nsɛnnennen a ɛwɔ hɔ?

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi saa asɛm yi mu

Sɛ wowɔ hwene a ɛyɛ nwunu na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa a, ebetumi ayɛ ahometew ankasa. Wowɔ asiane mu titiriw sɛ wubenya atrophic rhinitis bere a wɔayɛ wo sinus oprehyɛn te sɛ turbinectomy akyi. Nanso, saa akisikuru a ɛntaa nsi yi nso betumi aba esiane nneɛma afoforo te sɛ anim a opira anaa ɔyare mmoawa nti.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, nsuro sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woanya afotu. Afei mubetumi aka ayaresa a ɛfata ama wo ho asɛm. Ebia wubenya ahotɔ denam nnuru ne ofie ayaresa so. Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wode wo ho to oprehyɛn so. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wohu eyi.

` Atrophic rhinitis, hwene a ɛyɛ kusuu, hwene mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɔhome bɔne, hwene mu mogya, ENT, ɔhome mu nyarewa