So wo yafunu ayɛ wo yaw pɛn bere a woadidi awie no? Ebetumi aba sɛ esiane Bacillus cereus nti!

So wo yafunu ayɛ wo yaw, wo ho ayɛ wo yaw, anaa wo dwensɔtwaa bere a woadi aduan bi akyi bere tiaa bi pɛn? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a yesusuw sɛ na aduan no yɛ nnuhwam dodo kakra anaasɛ wɔannoa no yiye. Nanso, ɔtamfo ketewaa bi a aniwa nhu a obetumi adi saa nneɛma yi akyi ne ɔyare mmoawa bi a wɔfrɛ no Bacillus cereus . Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm kɔ akyiri na ɛnyɛ den.

Dɛn ne ‘Bacillus cereus’ yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ‘Bacillus cereus’ yɛ mmoawa bi a wɔyɛ nketewa paa, wotumi hu wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete mu nkutoo. Wɔtaa hu wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu. Nanso, saa mmoawa yi tumi yɛ awuduru bi a ɛma yɛyare. Ɛno na ɛde ɔhaw ba yɛn.

Saa `Bacillus cereus` ahorow abien yi betumi aka yɛn titiriw:

1. Ɔkwan a ɛka wo digestive system (yɛfrɛ eyi `intestinal`).

2. Ɔkwan a ɛka wo nipadua no afã afoforo (wɔfrɛ eyi `non-intestinal`).

Aduan mu awuduru fi ɔyare mmoawa Bacillus cereus a ɛka aduan a wɔyam no. Mpɛn pii no, n’ankasa ho yɛ yiye wɔ da koro anaa nnanu ntam. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw , ebetumi ayɛ aniberesɛm kakra.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɔyare mmoawa a Bacillus cereus a ɛnyɛ dwensɔtwaa mu ba a ɛne aduan mu awuduru nni abusuabɔ no betumi ayɛ nea emu yɛ den kɛse. Sɛ wowɔ tebea horow a edidi so yi a, wowɔ asiane mu titiriw:

• Sɛ́ wubenya nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ayɛ mmerɛw.
• Oprehyɛn anaa akwanhyia afoforo mu opira a wobenya.

Bacillus cereus ahorow bɛn na ɛma aduan mu awuduru ba?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, aduan mu awuduru fi Bacillus cereus a ɛka aduan mu nhyehyɛe no. Eyi ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ.

1. Ɔkwan a ɛde akisikuru ba (`Enterotoxins` anaa `diarrheal syndrome`) .

Nea ɛba ne sɛ, sɛ wudi aduan a mmoawa anaa wɔn nkwaboaa wom wie a, awuduru no ba wo dwensɔtwaa ketewa no mu . Saa ɔyare mmoawa yi a Bacillus cereus na ɛde ba no abu so kɛse wɔ aman te sɛ Amerika ne Europa.

Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi wɔ nnɔnhwerew 6 kosi 15 akyi bere a wɔadi nnuan a efĩ wom akyi. Nnuan a ebetumi de yare yi aba no bi ne:

• Nsunam
• Nneɛma a wɔde nufusu yɛ
• Nam a wɔde yɛ
• Sauces a wɔde yɛ aduan
• Soup ne gravies a wɔde yɛ aduan
• Atosodeɛ

2. Emetic anaasɛ ɔfe a ɛma obi fe

Nea ɛba ne sɛ awuduru no wɔ aduan no mu dedaw ansa na woadi. Mpɛn pii no, wubetumi ayare wɔ nnɔnhwerew 1 kosi 6 bere a woadi nnuan a efĩ wom akyi.

Susuw nea ɛbɛba sɛ yegyaw aburow bi a yɛnoae awia aduan wɔ abɔnten kosi anadwo, anaasɛ yegyaw aburow bi a yefi apontow bi ase bae a yɛmfa nto frigye mu no ho hwɛ. Ɛno na saa mmoawa yi ba asɛm no mu.Sɛ wɔamfa aburow a wɔanoa no anto frigye mu yiye, na wɔagyaw no wɔ dan mu hyew mu kyɛ dodo a, saa mmoawa yi betumi anyin na wɔayɛ awuduru. Aburow ne nea wɔtaa de bata saa `Bacillus cereus` yi ho. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom kyiisi, ne nnuan a starch wom te sɛ:

• Pasta a wɔde di dwuma
• Paasta ahorow a wɔde yɛ paanoo
• Akiten
• Sushi a wɔde yɛ adwuma

Saa awuduru yi nso betumi afi nneɛma te sɛ:

Nea ɛho hia: Nnipa binom susuw sɛ aduan a wɔsan de hyew no bekum mmoawa yi. Ampa, mmoawa no tumi wuwu. Nanso, awuduru a wɔyɛ no, ɛnyɛ ɔhyew a wɔsɛe no. Ɛno ne ɔhaw no!

Dɛn ne `Bacillus cereus` yareɛ a ɛne aduane mu awuduru nni abusuabɔ? (`Bacillus cereus a ɛnyɛ dwensɔtwaa mu`)

Saa Bacillus cereus yareɛ yi ka nipadua no afã afoforo a ɛnyɛ wo aduane mu. Wɔtaa hu no kɛse wɔ:

• Wɔ aniwa mu
• Ɔhome nhyehyɛe
• Wɔ akuru mu

Saa mmoawa yi tumi tra mmeae te sɛ mfutuma, afifide, dɔte, ne nsu.

Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya saa `Bacillus cereus` yi?

Nokwarem no, obiara, ɛmfa ho mfe a wadi anaa abusuakuw a ofi mu no, betumi anya aduan mu awuduru anaa nyarewa afoforo a ɛbata Bacillus cereus ho.

Nanso, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya Bacillus cereus yare a ɛnyɛ dwensɔtwaa mu no yɛ kɛse sɛ:

• Sɛ ɛyɛ akokoaa a wɔawo no foforo a.
• Sɛ wokɔ so de indwelling catheter di dwuma a.
• Sɛ wowɔ nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a.
• Sɛ wowɔ akuru a ɛnsae esiane oprehyɛn anaa akwanhyia foforo nti a.
• Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔde nnuru a wɔde fa ntini mu (IV) di dwuma a.

Saa `Bacillus cereus` nyarewa yi abu so dɛn?

Aduan mu awuduru a mmoawa a wɔfrɛ wɔn Bacillus cereus de ba no abu so kɛse . Wɔ United States nkutoo no, afe biara wɔbɔ nnipa bɛyɛ 63,400 ho amanneɛ. Susuw nsɛm dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn man yi mu no ho hwɛ, titiriw wɔ ɔkwan a yɛfa so didi wɔ abɔnten no ho.

Nanso Bacillus cereus yare mmoawa a ɛnyɛ dwensɔtwaa (ɛne aduan mu nhyehyɛe nni abusuabɔ) no ho yɛ na kakra.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa `Bacillus cereus` yi ma aduan mu awuduru ba?

Mpɛn pii no, ɛba bere a wudi aduan a wɔagyaw wɔ dan mu hyew mu no. Sɛ wɔsan ma aduan no yɛ hyew mpo a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ama aduan no ayɛ awuduru.

Mmoawa `Bacillus cereus` no yɛ spores, na saa spores yi yi awuduru fi mu. Saa nkwaboaa yi dɔɔso ntɛmntɛm wɔ dan mu hyew mu. Sɛ wudi aduan a saa nkwaboaa yi wom a, awuduru no ma wofe anaa wotɔ akisikuru. Fa no sɛ, sɛ wogyaw atoko soup a wɔanoa anɔpa kuruwa biako kosi anwummere, anaasɛ wogyaw mpataa a wɔayam wɔ frigye mu nna abien a, ɛnde saa mmoawa yi wɔ hokwan pa sɛ wɔbɛyɛ n’adwuma.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ aduan mu awuduru a `Bacillus cereus` de ba?

Saa ahorow a ɛde atiridiinini (`Enterotoxins`) no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne:

• Yafunu mu yaw, yafunu mu yaw
• Yafunu mu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Nsu a ɛma obi dwensɔtwaa

`Emetic syndrome` ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no bi ne:

• Akisikuru (te nka sɛ wofe) .
• Ɔfe a wɔfe

Ɔkwan bɛn so na Bacillus cereus de nyarewa a efi aduan mu ba?

Saa nyarewa yi fi Bacillus cereus spores a ɛkɔ obi nipadua mu wɔ ɔkwan bi so na ɛde awuduru ba. Saa nkwaboaa yi betumi afa:

• Efi nnwinnade a efĩ wom a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ayaresabea ahorow, sɛ nhwɛso no, catheters.
• Efi akuru a ɔyare mmoawa wom mu.
• Ɛdenam mfutuma a efĩ wom a wɔbɛhome so.
• Efi nyarewa a wonya fi ayaresabea mu.

Nyarewa a ɛnyɛ dwensɔtwaa mu a B. cereus betumi de aba ne:

• Mmoawa a wɔhyɛn mogya mu (bacteremia) .
• Mmoawa anaa fungal yareɛ a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu (endophthalmitis) - Eyi yɛ asiane kɛseɛ.
• Amemene mu akisikuru
• Cellulitis (honam ani yare) .
• Ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba koma no mu (endocarditis) .
• Meningitis - a wosan fr3 no amemene mu atiridii.
• Nnompe mu yare (Osteomyelitis) .
• Ahurututu mu yare

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya Bacillus cereus yare a ɛwɔ aduan no akyi?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gu ahorow gyina yare ko a obi wɔ so. Endophthalmitis ne tebea no a emu yɛ den sen biara. Ebia aniwa mu yare a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi ne:

• Aniwa mu yaw
• Adwumaden
• Huraeɛ
• Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow a ɛkɔ soro (leukocytosis) .
• Anisoadehu a wɔhwere
• Aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ
• Aniwa mu akisikuru a ɛte sɛ mprɛte

Ebia ayarefo binom a wɔwɔ aniwa mu yare no bɛhwere aniwa mpo. Enti, sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ w’ani ho a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu aduan mu awuduru a `Bacillus cereus` de ba? (`Nyaresa a wɔhwehwɛ`) .

Mpɛn pii no, oduruyɛfo begyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow (ɔfe, akisikuru, yafunu mu yaw) ne aduan a etwa to a wudii so besusuw sɛ aduan mu awuduru ayɛ wo. Afei wɔbɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔakyerɛ sɛ B. cereus na ɛde ba no, ɛho behia sɛ wɔsɔ aduan a wudii no bi ne wo nsu anaa wo fe a wofe no hwɛ. Ne titiriw no, wosi aduan mu awuduru so dua bere a B. cereus mmoawa 100,000 anaa nea ɛboro saa na ɛwɔ aduan gram biara mu no. Sɛ obi nya akisikuru a, wobetumi ayɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu nso de ahwehwɛ awuduru no.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu Bacillus cereus yare a ɛwɔ aduan no akyi?

Sɛ wususuw sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi te sɛ eyi a, wɔbɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu (`mogya amammerɛ`) de ahwɛ sɛ mmoawa bi wɔ mogya no mu anaa.Eyi ne nea abu so sen biara. Afei nso, wɔfa nipadua mu nsu (sɛ nhwɛso no, vitreous fluid wɔ endophthalmitis ho) nhwɛsode na wɔde amammerɛ a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ ne Gram stain sɔ hwɛ sɛ ebia mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ anaa. Gram stain hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde aduru soronko bi a wɔde yɛ nhwɛsode bi gu ahwehwɛ a wɔde twetwe nneɛma so na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ.

Dɛn ne ayaresa a wɔde sa aduan mu awuduru a `Bacillus cereus` de ba?

Aduan mu awuduru dodow no ara a Bacillus cereus de ba no ankasa besiesie wɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 ntam. Ebia oduruyɛfo bi bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Gye w’ahome yiye.
• Nom nsu pii na amma wo ho atɔ wo. Eyi ho hia paa. Sɛ wo ho yɛ wo yaw anaa wofe a, wo nipadua no hwere nsu pii, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wosesa. Nsã te sɛ Jeevani a wobɛnom nso ye.

Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru anaa ɔfe a emu yɛ den a, oduruyɛfo betumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nkyene a wɔde fa ntini mu (`IV nsu`) .

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa Bacillus cereus yare a ɛwɔ aduan kwan no akyi?

Ɛsono sɛnea wɔsa eyi a egyina tebea pɔtee a wowɔ no so. Mpɛn pii no, oduruyɛfo bi befi ase anom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa de ako atia mmoawa no. Nanso wɔahu sɛ B. cereus tumi ko tia nnuru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa. Enti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛnom aduru no sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ, bere dodow pɔtee a wode bɛma no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ aduan mu awuduru a `Bacillus cereus` de ba no so?

Aduan a wɔbɛma ayɛ nea ahobammɔ wom nkutoo ne ɔkwan a wɔbɛfa so atew asiane yi so. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wodi nnuan a wɔanoa ntɛm ara a, ma ɛnnwo nkɔ fam kodu digrii Celsius 5 (digrii Fahrenheit 41) wɔ nnɔnhwerew asia ntam . Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnyaw aburow anaa curry a wɔanoa awiabere nkɔsi anwummere, na mmom fa gu frigye mu bere a anoa ara pɛ.
• Fa nnuan a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde gu nwini mu gu frigye mu wɔ baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew sen digrii Celsius 5 (digrii Fahrenheit 41) .
• Fa aduan a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma ɛyɛ hyew no sie wɔ ɔhyew a ɛboro digrii Celsius 60 (digrii Fahrenheit 135) so . Ɛtɔ mmere bi a yehu sɛ wɔde nnuan a wɔde gu buffet so wɔ afie mu na wɔma ɛyɛ hyew wɔ apontow ahorow ase wɔ nkuku a ɛyɛ chafing mu. Saa na ɛte.
• Hwɛ hu sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, aduan a woresan ayɛ no hyew no ayɛ hyew akodu digrii Celsius 74 (digrii Fahrenheit 165) . Ɔhyew kɛkɛ nnɔɔso. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ hyew paa.
• Tow aduan biara a wususuw sɛ ebia mmoawa wom no gu. Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, nnni. Ɛno ne ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ.

Susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ yedi `aburow a wɔayam` anaa `kottu` a yɛtɔ fi sotɔɔ mu anadwo na yegyaw nea aka no wɔ abɔnten a, hokwan pa wɔ hɔ sɛ `Bacillus cereus` benyin wɔ so anɔpa a edi hɔ no. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ yɛhwɛ yiye wɔ aduan a yɛbɛkora so ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya Bacillus cereus yare mmoawa a ɛwɔ aduan no akyi no so?

Wubetumi atew asiane yi so denam wo nsa a wobɛhohoro mpɛn pii na woahohoro no yiye so . Wubetumi nso:

• Sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu yare bi a ɛma wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw a, ma wɔnsa no yiye.
• Mfa nnuru a wɔde fa ntini mu nni dwuma.
• Sɛ woapira anaa akwanhyia bi a, kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara.

Sɛ `Bacillus cereus` nyin a, dɛn na ɛba?

Gye sɛ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw, nsɛnnennen a efi aduan mu awuduru a Bacillus cereus de ba mu ba no ntaa mma . Nnipa dodow no ara a wonya B. cereus yare yi no ho tɔ wɔn ntɛmntɛm.

Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, Bacillus cereus a ɛnyɛ dwensɔtwaa mu yare no betumi ama obi awu anaa ɔhaw afoforo. Nhwɛso ahorow:

• Ntini mu owu (`Gangrene`) .
• Anisoadehu a ɛyera daa
• Septicemia a ɛma mogya tu
• Viral meningitis - Ɛwom sɛ eyi fi ase wɔ mmoawa mu de, nanso nsɛnnennen afoforo betumi aba.

Dɛn ne nkɔmhyɛ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo sɛ wunya `Bacillus cereus` a?

Sɛ wowɔ aduan mu awuduru a Bacillus cereus de ba a, mpɛn pii no, anidaso a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo no ye yiye . Nnipa dodow no ara ho tɔ wɔn koraa.

Nanso, sɛ wowɔ Bacillus cereus yare mmoawa a ɛwɔ aduan no akyi a, anidaso a ɛbɛma woanya ahoɔden no gyina:

• Egyina sɛnea wunya ayaresa ntɛmntɛm no so.
• Ɛgyina sɛnea ɔyare mmoawa no mu yɛ den so.
• Egyina aduruyɛ mu tebea afoforo a ɛhyɛ ase a wowɔ so.

So tebea afoforo wɔ hɔ a asiane kɛse wom sɛ ɛde nsɛnnennen bɛba?

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw a , ɛda adi sɛ wubenya nsɛnnennen afi Bacillus cereus yare mmoawa mu. Afei nso, sɛ wo:

• Sɛ ɛyɛ akokoaa a wɔawo no foforo a.
• Sɛ obi akɔ ayaresabea dedaw a.
• Sɛ wɔamfi nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ase ntɛm mma ɔyare mmoawa bi a ɛwɔ aduan kwan no akyi a.
• Sɛ wowɔ kokoram a ɛwɔ ntini a ɛma mogya no mu (hematologic malignancies) (e.g. leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma).
• Sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare a.
• Sɛ wowɔ neutropenia (mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi a ɛba fam) a.
• Sɛ worenom nnuru te sɛ corticosteroids a.

Wɔ nsɛm a ɛte sɛɛ mu no, nkɔmhyɛ no betumi asɛe kakra.

Sɛ mewɔ Bacillus cereus a, mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wowɔ aduan mu awuduru a Bacillus cereus de ba a, wubetumi:

• Nom nsu pii.
• Gye w’ahome yiye.

Sɛ wowɔ Bacillus cereus yareɛ wɔ aduane kwan no akyi a:

• Tra bra a ahoɔden wom.
• Fa nnuru pɔtee a wɔakyerɛw ama wo wɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea horow a ɛde ba no ho.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw na wunya aduan mu awuduru anaa Bacillus cereus yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, frɛ 1990 ntɛm ara anaa kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo.

Sɛ obi anya Bacillus cereus a, ebetumi ayɛ yaw ankasa wɔ afunumu mu. Aduan mu awuduru yɛ osuahu a ɛnyɛ dɛ koraa na ebetumi ama woayare kɛse. Nea eye ne sɛ, aduan mu awuduru a Bacillus cereus de ba no taa yɛ yiye wɔ da koro anaa nea ɛte saa mu, na nnipa dodow no ara ho tɔ wɔn koraa. B. cereus nso tumi de nyarewa ba wɔ aduan mu ntini no akyi, nanso eyinom ho yɛ na. Sɛ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw anaa akwahosan tebea afoforo a ɛhyɛ wo ase a, Bacillus cereus yare abien no nyinaa betumi ayɛ nea emu yɛ den kɛse. Nsu pii a wobɛnom na woagye w’ahome pii no betumi aboa wo ma wo ho atɔ wo ntɛm afi aduan mu awuduru ho. Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa betumi aboa wɔ nyarewa a ɛwɔ aduan mu ntini akyi no ho. Dodow a wunya ayaresa ntɛm no, dodow no ara na hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo no yɛ kɛse.

Nkrasɛm a Etwa To a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

• Bacillus cereus yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ebetumi ama aduan mu awuduru ne nyarewa afoforo aba.
• , .
• Aduan mu awuduru ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw ne ɔfe ne/anaasɛ akisikuru.
• Ɛwom sɛ eyi taa sa wɔ da koro mu de, nanso ebetumi ayɛ asiane kakra ama wɔn a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw no .
• Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so akwati eyi ne sɛ wubedi aduan ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow akyi . Noa aduan no yiye, fa sie yiye, na fa nea aka no gu frigye mu ntɛm.
• Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ w’ani, akuru, anaa ɔhome nhyehyɛe mu a, hu ɛno nso.
• Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Mma ɛnhaw wo, mpɛn pii no, ayaresa a wɔde ma ntɛm no betumi ama wo ho atɔ wo yiye.

W’akwahosan ho hia yɛn nso!

` Bacillus cereus, aduan mu awuduru, mmoawa, ɔyare mmoawa, akisikuru, ɔfe, aduan mu ahobammɔ, spores