Yɛn mu pii ate asɛm a wɔka sɛ ‘tooth nwansena’ no? Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ wonom nsuonwini kakra a, wo sẽ yɛ mmerɛw, anaa sɛ wudi biribi a ɛyɛ dɛ a, wo sẽ yɛ wo yaw fi wo mu. Eyinom betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan a ɛkyerɛ sɛ sẽ aporɔw anaasɛ ayɛ abon. Eyi abu so yiye ankasa. Obiara fi abofra ketewa so kosi obi a ne mfe akɔ anim so betumi anya saa tebea yi. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea ɛyɛ ankasa, sɛnea enyin, ne sɛnea yɛbɛkwati na yɛakura serew a ɛyɛ fɛ na ɛyɛ fɛ mu ho asɛm.
Dɛn ankasa ne abura?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, abura yɛ tokuru a ɛwɔ ɛse mu. Ɛde sẽ a ɛporɔw na ɛde ba. Yɛn sẽ wɔ akyi kataso a ɛyɛ den na ɛbɔ ho ban a wɔfrɛ no enamel. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no. Saa enamel yi de nkakrankakra porɔw na acid ahorow bi a ɛwɔ yɛn anom no sɛe, na ɛma saa ntokuru anaa ntokuru yi ba.
Eyi wɔ aduruyɛ mu din foforo, a ɛne ``Dental Caries.`` Yebetumi asiw saa tebea yi ano kɛse denam anom ahotew pa a yɛbɛyɛ ne sẽ a yɛbɛhwɛ daa no so.
Dɛn ne abura ahorow atitiriw?
Saa sẽ a ɛporɔw yi betumi afi ase wɔ ɛse no fã biara. Ahorow atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a egyina baabi a ɛba so. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.
| Cavity type | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu tiawa bi a ɛfa ho |
|---|---|
| Nsuo a ɛtɔ gu fam a ɛyɛ mmerɛw | Eyi yɛ nea enyin brɛoo a ɛma sẽ no mu ntini no tew. Wobetumi asiw ano na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔadan no denam wo sẽ a wobɛhohoro yiye na woama w’ano atew so. Saa porɔwee yi taa ba nnipa a wɔadi mfe 20 sẽ ntam. |
| Amena ne mpaapaemu a ɛporɔw | Eyinom yɛ ntokuru ne ntokuru a ɛba sẽ no ani baabi a yɛwe aduan no. Wobetumi aka akyi sẽ no anim nso. Saa ɔkwan yi taa fi ase wɔ mpanyin afe so na ɛtaa nyin ntɛmntɛm. |
| Ntini a ɛporɔw | Mpanyimfo a wɔn anom retwe wɔn ho no taa nya anom yare a ɛte sɛɛ bere a wɔrenyin no. Sɛ anom no twetwe a, sẽ no ntini da adi. Eyi ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ mmoawa ne acid bɛsɛe wɔn. Eyi betumi ayɛ den sɛ wobesiw ano na wɔasa. |
Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya akisikuru?
Nokwarem no, obiara a wadi mfe biara betumi anya ne sẽ a ɛporɔw. Nanso abu so kɛse wɔ mmofra nkumaa mu. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ mmofra nkumaa ntaa nhohoro wɔn sẽ yiye na wɔnom daa na wodi nnuan ne anonne a asikre wom dodo.
Afei nso, abura betumi ayɛ mpanyimfo nso. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ɛse a na ahyɛ mu ma bere a na woyɛ abofra no tumi fi ase porɔw bio wɔ anoano. Afei nso, ɛda adi sɛ mpanyimfo nya anom a ɛtwe ne ho. Afei ɛse no ntini betumi apue, na ama mmoawa aboaboa wɔn ho ano na ama aporɔw.
Dɛn ne sẽ a ɛporɔw ho sɛnkyerɛnne?
Mfiase no, sɛ ɛse no mu ntini nkutoo asɛe a, mpɛn pii no, ɛyaw anaa sɛnkyerɛnne foforo biara nni hɔ. Wo fi ase te sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow nka bere a porɔwee no akɔhyɛn enamel no mu na akɔhyɛn ɛse no mu ntini a wɔfrɛ no ``Dentin'' ne ``Pulp'' no mu nkutoo.
Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw no ne eyinom:
- Ahome bɔne anaasɛ anom dɛ bɔne.
- Mogya a ɛretu wɔ anom anaa anom yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo.
- Anim a ɛho ahonhon.
- Ɛse a ɛyɛ yaw anaa ano a ɛyɛ yaw.
- Nse a ɛyɛ mmerɛw bere a woredi nnuan ne anonne a ɛyɛ nwini anaa ɛyɛ hyew no.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, ntwɛn mma sɛ wo sẽ bɛda adi. Edu bere a wote ɛyaw nka no, ebia nneɛma a asɛe no akɔ akyiri dedaw. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubehu ntɛm.
Nneɛma a ɛma ɛse porɔw
Ɛse a ɛporɔw no nsi prɛko pɛ. Ɛyɛ adeyɛ a ɛkɔ so nkakrankakra wɔ anammɔn pii so.
| Prama | Nea ɛba ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow |
|---|---|
| 1. Demineralization a wɔde yɛ nneɛma | Eyi ne ɔfã a edi kan. Bere a minerals a ɛwɔ sẽ no mu no yera no, ebia wubehu nsensanee nketenkete fitaa a ɛte sɛ chalky wɔ sẽ no so. Sɛ wɔsa no saa bere yi a, wobetumi asan. |
| 2. Enamel a ɛporɔw | Sɛ wɔansa a, ɛbɛkɔ so aporɔw na enamel no abubu bio. Saa bere yi de, ebia wubehu tokuru ketewaa bi wɔ ɛse no mu. Ebia saa beae fitaa no bɛdan kɔla bruu a ɛyɛ hann. |
| 3. Dentin a ɛporɔw | Dentin ne ade a ɛwɔ enamel no ase. Ɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa sen enamel. Enti, sɛ mmoawa du saa ɔfa yi so a, porɔw ba ntɛmntɛm koraa. Saa bere yi de, ebia wubefi ase ate nka sɛ wo sẽ ayɛ wo yaw. Ebia nkekae a ɛwɔ ɛse no so no bɛdan kɔla bruu tuntum. |
| 4. Pulp a ɛsɛe ade | Wɔfrɛ ɛse no fã a ɛwɔ mu paa no sɛ ntini. Ɛha na ntini ne mogya ntini no wɔ. Sɛ porɔwee du saa beae yi a, wubefi ase ate ɛyaw a emu yɛ den. Ebia ntini a atwa ɛse no ho ahyia no bɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ na ahonhon. Ebia ɛse no bɛyɛ bruu tuntum anaa tuntum. |
| 5. Ɛse a ɛyɛ akisikuru | Sɛ wɔansa a, ɛse a ɛporɔw a emu dɔ no betumi abɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa. Akisikuru a akisikuru ahyɛ mu ma ba twa ɛse no ntini ho hyia (periapical abscess). Ɛyaw no betumi atrɛw akɔ anom ne anim. Ebia anim no ho ahonhon na ntini a ɛho ahonhon wɔ kɔn no mu. Eyi betumi ayɛ nea asiane wom. Ɔyare mmoawa no betumi atrɛw akɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu, na wɔ tebea horow a ɛntaa nsi mu no, ɛkɔ amemene anaa mogya mu (sepsis). |
Dɛn nti na yenya abon? Dɛn na ɛde ba?
Nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa. Adeyɛ no kɔ so te sɛ eyi:
1. Asikre ne mmoawa: Sɛ wudi nnuan ne anonne a asikre ne starch wom (nnuaba, nnɔkɔnnɔkɔwade, paanoo, bisket, anonne a ɛyɛ dɛ, nufusu) a, mmoawa a wɔwɔ yɛn anom no di.
2. Acid a wɔyɛ: Mmoawa dannan saa carbohydrates yi ma ɛbɛyɛ acid.
3. Plaque Formation: Mmoawa, acid, aduan mu nneɛma nketenkete, ne nnompe bom yɛ ade a ɛyɛ nnam a wɔfrɛ no dental plaque. Wɔde eyi gu sẽ no so.
4. Enamel a wɔde yɛ nneɛma:Sɛ yɛanhohoro yɛn sẽ na yɛamfa nhama anhyɛ yɛn sẽ mu yiye a, acid a ɛwɔ saa nnuru a wɔde sew sẽ yi mu no de nkakrankakra tew sẽ no mu, na ɛma ntokuru anaa ntokuru.
Asiane ahorow a ɛma obi nya abura
Nneɛma bi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wo sẽ bɛporɔw no ayɛ kɛse:
- Ano a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (Xerostomia): Aduruyɛ mu tebea horow bi anaa nnuru bi (te sɛ nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw) betumi ama nnompe a ɛba no so atew.
- Adidi su: Nnuan a ɛyɛ dɛ a starch wom ne nnuan nketenkete a wɔtaa di wɔ nnuan atitiriw ntam.
- Abusua abakɔsɛm: Sɛ w’abusua wɔ su bi sɛ wɔn sẽ bɛporɔw a, ebia wo nso wobɛkɔ asiane kɛse mu.
- Nsõ a ɛtwe ne ho: Eyi ma sẽ no ntini da adi.
- Kokoram ayaresa: Sɛ woayɛ mframa a wɔde sa yare wɔ wo ti ne wo kɔn mu a.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ nsensan so hu sɛ akisikuru bi wɔ hɔ?
Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so akyere eyi ntɛm ne sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wobɛkɔ wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn mprenu afe biara akɔhwɛ wo. Nsõ ho oduruyɛfo no de nnwinnade titiriw bi bedi dwuma de ahwehwɛ wo sẽ mu. Ɛse a ɛwɔ abura mu no bɛte nka sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw sen ɛse a ɛyɛ daa bere a wɔde adwinnade no ka no.
Nea ɛka ho no, ntini ho oduruyɛfo no nso betumi ayɛ sẽ ho X-ray. Saa X-ray ahorow yi tumi hu ntokuru a wontumi nhu wɔ ɛse no ani te sɛ nea ɛwɔ sẽ ntam anaa anom ase no pefee.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa akisikuru?
Ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare no gyina baabi a wo sẽ aporɔw kodu no so.
| Ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare | Dɛn na wode eyi yɛ? |
|---|---|
| Fluoride a Wɔde Sa Ayaresa | Wɔyɛ eyi wɔ porɔwee no mfiase. Fluoride betumi aboa ma ahyɛ enamel a asɛe no mu den (remineralization). Eyi betumi asan porɔwee. Ebia ntini ho oduruyɛfo no bɛkamfo nnuru titiriw a wɔde sa sẽ a wɔde fluoride ayɛ ne nnuru a wɔde hohoro ano akyerɛ. |
| Nsõ a wɔde hyɛ mu ma | Sɛ ɛse bi wɔ tokuru a, ntini ho oduruyɛfo no bɛpopa ɔfã a aporɔw no na ɔde ade titiriw bi ahyɛ abura no mu ma. Eyi betumi ayɛ resin a wɔde afrafra a ne kɔla te sɛ sẽ anaa dwetɛ a wɔde afrafra. |
| Ntini mu Ntini mu Ayaresa | Sɛ aporɔw no adu ɛse no mu na ɛrema ɛyaw kɛse reba a, wɔyɛ saa ayaresa yi. Ɛha yi, woyi ɛse no mu ntini ne ntini a ɔyare no wom no fi mu, tew emu no yiye, na wɔde ade titiriw bi hyɛ ɛse no ma na wɔkata so. Eyi betumi agye ɛse no nkwa a ɛho nhia sɛ woyi fi mu. |
| Nsõ a Wɔtwe | Sɛ ɛse no a asɛe no dɔɔso dodo na porɔwee no dɔɔso dodo sɛ wɔde atifi hɔ ayaresa ahorow no bɛkora so a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ woyi ɛse no na woyi fi hɔ. Ɛno akyi no, wobetumi de ɛse a wɔayɛ a wɔfrɛ no ``Dental Bridge`` anaa ``Dental Implant`` ahyɛ ɔkwan no mu. |
Wobɛyɛ dɛn akwati eyi? (Ayaresa a wɔde siw ano) .
Bere nyinaa yare a wosiw ano ye sen ayaresa. Enti, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛyɛ saa nneɛma yi na woakwati sɛ wo sẽ remporɔw.
- Brush wo sẽ mprenu da biara: Fa aduru a wɔde sew fluoride ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw brush wo sẽ anɔpa ne ansa na woada anadwo. Sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, eye mpo sɛ wobɛbɔ brush bere a woadi adidi biara akyi.
- Tew nnuan a ɛyɛ dɛ na starch wom so: Tew nnɔkɔnnɔkɔwade, bisket, ne anonne a ɛyɛ dɛ a wudi so sɛnea wubetumi.
- Fa Dental Floss Di Dwuma: Fa Floss gu wo sẽ mu da biara na yi nnuan nketenkete ne sẽ mu ntini a ɛkyere wo sẽ ntam no fi hɔ.
- Nsõ a wobɛhwɛ daa: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, kɔ sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛnkoro wɔ asram 6 biara mu kɔhwɛ wo sẽ.
- Dental Sealants: Ade a wɔde kata akyi sẽ no so a ɛbɔ ho ban, titiriw wɔ mmofra mu. Eyi mma aduan ntumi nkɔ na ɛmma ɛnporɔw.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ ntini ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn:
- Sɛ mogya retu wo ntini mu a.
- Sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛwe aduan a.
- Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa no wɔ hɔ (atiridiinini, ɔfe).
- Sɛ anim no ahonhon a.
- Sɛ wo sẽ yɛ wo yaw anaa w’ano yɛ wo yaw a.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- ‘Nwansena di sẽ’ kyerɛ ankasa sɛ acid a mmoawa yɛ no ma ɛse no mu ntini no mu na ɛma ntokuru.
- Esiane sɛ ɛyaw biara nni mfiase nti, hwɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ sẽ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, nsensanee fitaa anaa bruu. Ntwɛn mma ɛyaw no nkɔ so.
- Siw a wosiw ano ne ayaresa a eye sen biara. Fa fluoride aduru a wɔde sew sẽ, nhama a wɔde sew sẽ, na fa nnuan a asikre wom tow hohoro wo sẽ mprenu da biara.
- Sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wokɔ sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛnkoro wɔ asram 6 biara mu kɔhwɛ wo sẽ so a, wubetumi ahu ntini a ɛwɔ ntini mu ansa na abɛyɛ ɔhaw kɛse na wode ayaresa a ɛnyɛ den ayɛ.
- Sɛ wuhu nsakrae, ɛyaw, anaa wo sẽ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a, wo ne wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nka ho asɛm.
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