So woate ‘Pap smear’ ho asɛm pɛn? Anaasɛ woate pɛn sɛ akisikuru ketewaa bi wɔ wo kɔn mu, na oduruyɛfo no de ade a ɛyɛ fɛ faa mu ketewaa bi de kɔmaa sɛ wɔnkɔyɛ ‘sɔhwɛ’? Ɛno ne nea yɛbɛka ho asɛm nnɛ, a wɔfrɛ no cytology. Ɛwom sɛ sɛ wohwɛ a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ ade ketewaa bi de, nanso eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛsom bo yiye a ɛboa ma yehu nyarewa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu ntɛm. Momma yɛnka ho asɛm tiawa.
Dɛn ne Cytology wɔ nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den mu?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, cytology yɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so hwɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu wɔ microscope mu de hu nyarewa. Ɛte sɛ nea woyɛ detective. Oduruyɛfo titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no ɔyare ho ɔbenfo hwɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nsu anaa ntini ketewaa bi a wɔafa afi wo nipadua mu no mu.
Ɔhwehwɛ nsakrae biara a ɛnteɛ a ɛba saa nkwammoaa yi mu titiriw. Ebia nsakrae yi yɛ kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne . Anaasɛ ebia wɔyɛ tebea a edi kokoram anim a ebetumi abɛyɛ kokoram . Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom wɔde sɔhwɛ yi nso di dwuma de hu nyarewa te sɛ mmoawa, mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae, fungi, anaa mmoawa.
Dɛn nti na oduruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyi?
Nneɛma atitiriw pii nti na ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ cytology nhwehwɛmu.
- Sɛ́ kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hu: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi betumi aboa ma wɔahu kokoram ahorow bi ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ada adi. Ɛho hia nso sɛ wosi so dua sɛ ebia akisikuru anaa nea ɛnteɛ yɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa.
- Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu nyarewa a wɔde yare mmoawa ba: Wɔde eyi di dwuma de hu mmoawa nketenkete a wɔde ɔyare no aba nipadua no mu baabi.
- Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔahu ɔhyew tebea horow: Saa sɔhwɛ yi nso boa ma wohu ɔhyew tebea horow bi a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu, te sɛ sarcoidosis.
Akwan ahorow bɛn na wɔfa so sɔ saa nkwammoaa yi hwɛ?
Wobetumi akyekyɛ saa nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi mu ayɛ no ahorow abiɛsa, a egyina sɛnea oduruyɛfo no gye nkwammoaa bi fi wo hɔ so. Momma yɛnhwɛ eyi wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den so na yɛate ase.
| Sɔhwɛ su | Sɛnea wobenya nkwammoaa | Nhwɛso ahorow |
|---|---|---|
| Exfoliative Nkwammoaa Ho Adesua | Nkwammoaa a nipadua no fi awosu mu hwie gu anaasɛ ɛde sie no mu nhwehwɛmu. Eyinom wɔ nipadua mu nsu mu. | - a ewo nsuo mu cytology - a ewo ho - a efiri aniwa, awotwaa mu, anaase nufu mu - amemene mu nsuo a ewo amemene ne akyi berɛmo mu - nsuo a atwa ahurututu, koma, anaa yafunu mu ho ahyia |
| Abrasive Nkwammoaa Ho Adesua | Wɔnam afiri bi a wɔde twitwiw anaa wɔpopa so na wonya nkwammoaa no. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔde nsuo nso hohoro nkwammoaa no. | - Pap smear: Wei ne awotwaa mu aduru a wotaa de di dwuma paa. - bere a woreyɛ ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu: Sɛ wɔbɛhohoro anaa wɔbɛbɔ nkwammoaa fi mframa kwan anaa ahurututu mu. - wo endoscopy mu: Wogye nkwammoaa firi mmeae te se esophagus ne yafunu mu. - a wopopa honam ani nkwammoaa firi akuru anaa akuru mu. |
| Nneɛma a Wɔde Wɔn Ho Hyehyɛ Mu / Aspiration Cytology (FNA) . | Sɛ wɔde ade a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye bɛto honam ani na wɔayi nkwammoaa a nsu wom afi akisikuru anaa akisikuru bi mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) . | - a ewo ntini a ewo kon ne asen mu - a ɛyɛ thyroid nodules - nufu mu nsensanee - a ewo nnompe mu |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu?
Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea saa adeyɛ yi nyinaa yɛ adwuma. Anamɔn pii wɔ hɔ a wobetumi afa so ayɛ eyi.
1. Nhwɛsode no a wobɛfa: Nea edi kan no, wo duruyɛfo no de ɔkwan a ɛfata (te sɛ nea wɔde twitwiw, hohoro, anaa wɔde ade twetwe) bɛfa nkwammoaa bi afi wo nipadua mu.
2. Wɔde kɔ lab: Afei, wɔde saa nhwɛsode yi petepete glass slide so anaasɛ wɔde gu toa ketewa bi mu na wɔde kɔ lab.
3. Nhwɛsode ahosiesie:Wɔ lab no, cytopreparatory technologist bi siesie nhwɛsode no ma wɔsɔ hwɛ. Ɛha no, wɔde kɔla ahorow gu so na ama wɔatumi ahu nkwammoaa no yiye. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ ‘staining’.
4. Microscopic nhwehwɛmu: Afei ɔfã a ɛho hia sen biara no ba. Nkwammoaa ho ɔbenfo ne ɔyare ho ɔbenfo de afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ saa nhwɛsode a wɔasiesie yi. Wɔhwehwɛ sɛnea nkwammoaa no te, wɔn kɛse, ɔkwan a wɔfa so boaboa nkwammoaa no ano, sɛnea nuklea no te, ne nneɛma afoforo pii mu. Wɔhwehwɛ nsakrae biara a ɛyɛ soronko anaasɛ mmoawa nketenkete a wɔde ɔyare mmoawa ba a ɛwɔ hɔ.
5. Amanneɛbɔ no a wobesiesie: Awiei koraa no, ɔyare ho ɔbenfo no yɛ amanneɛbɔ a edi mũ a nea ohui ne nea wɔahu no ka ho. Amanneɛbɔ yi ne nea wo duruyɛfo nsa ka.
Dɛn na ɛba ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no ne bere a wɔawie no?
Mpɛn pii no, ɛho nhia sɛ wɔyɛ ahosiesie titiriw biara mma nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu. Nanso, ebia nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi (sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wɔfa endoscopy so fa nhwɛsode bi a) betumi ahwehwɛ akwankyerɛ pɔtee bi. Enti ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo sɛ ebia biribi titiriw bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no anaa.
Sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu wie a, sɛ wo duruyɛfo nsa ka ɔyaresafo no amanneɛbɔ a, ɔne wo bɛbɔ nea ebefi mu aba no ho nkɔmmɔ na wasi nea ɔbɛyɛ akyi.
Mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu so? Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛyɛ soronko wɔ biopsy ho?
Nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ mfaso atitiriw pii, titiriw bere a wɔde toto ɔkwan foforo a wɔfa so yɛ nhwehwɛmu, biopsy ho no.
- Nhwɛsode ketewaa bi dɔɔso ma eyi.
- Ɛnyɛ yaw kɛse te sɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu.
- Nneɛma a ɛba nipadua no mu no sua koraa .
- Asiane a ɛwɔ nsɛnnennen mu no sua koraa .
Nsonsonoe a ɛda Cytology ne Biopsy ntam: Fa cytology sɛ wofa birikisi bi a ahwe ase fi birikisi fasu so na wohwehwɛ mu. Nea yebetumi ahu ara ne sɛnea birikisi no te. Biopsy yɛ ɔfasu no fã ketewaa bi a wɔfa na wɔhwehwɛ sɛnea birikisi ne atɛkyɛ no nyinaa bom yɛ adwuma no mu. Ɛne sɛ, wɔ cytology mu no, yɛhwɛ nkwammoaa ankorankoro anaa nkwammoaa akuwakuw. Wɔ biopsy mu no, yɛhwehwɛ sɛnea ntini mũ bi ayɛ mu.
Amanneɛbɔ a wɔde nsa aka no kyerɛ dɛn?
Nea ebefi mu aba no begyina nea enti a wɔyɛɛ sɔhwɛ no ne nipadua no fã a wɔfaa nhwɛsode no fii mu no so. Nea ɛtaa fi mu ba ne:
| Sɛnea nea efi mu ba no te | Nkyerɛase a ɛyɛ mmerɛw |
|---|---|
| Normal / Nea enye | Ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔanhu nneɛma a ɛnteɛ anaa kokoram nkwammoaa biara wɔ nkwammoaa a wɔhwɛɛ mu no mu. Sɛ wohuu ɔyare mmoawa bi a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ na ɔyare mmoawa biara nni hɔ. |
| Wɔnsi gyinae / Ɛnnyɛ abotɔyam | Eyi kyerɛ sɛ na nkwammoaa a ɛdɔɔso nni nhwɛsode no mu a wobetumi de aba awiei pefee. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔsan yɛ sɔhwɛ no bio. |
| Ɛnyɛ ne kwan so / Positive | Ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛsono sɛnea nkwammoaa no te wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛteɛ no ho. Nanso eyi nkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ kokoram. Ebetumi ayɛ ɔyare mmoawa anaa nsakrae ketewaa foforo bi. Ebia nsɛm te sɛ dysplasia, hyperplasia, anaa metaplasia bɛka amanneɛbɔ no ho. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu. |
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na ɛba akyi?
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, mma wo ho nnpopo. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina sɛnea nneɛma a ɛnteɛ no te so asi nea ɔbɛyɛ akyi no ho gyinae. Obetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo te sɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu, anaasɛ ɔbɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wonfi ayaresa ase. Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho na woadi n’akwankyerɛ akyi.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Cytology yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den, ahobammɔ wom, na ɛnyɛ yaw a ɛhwehwɛ nipadua no mu nkwammoaa mu de hu nyarewa.
- Eyi boa kɛse ma wohu kokoram ne ɔyare mmoawa ahorow ntɛm.
- Pap smear, nhwehwɛmu a wɔtaa yɛ wɔ mmea mu no nso yɛ nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu bi.
- Sɛ wo nhwehwɛmu aba no yɛ ‘ɛnyɛ nea ɛnteɛ’ a, ɛnkyerɛ bere nyinaa sɛ wowɔ kokoram. Enti mma ɛnhaw wo.
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa adwenem naayɛ bi wɔ sɔhwɛ no anaa nea ebefi mu aba ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nsusuw ho pefee.
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