So ɛte sɛ nea wo ba kumaa no brɛ bere nyinaa? So ɔmpɛ sɛ odidi pii? So wahyɛ no nsow sɛ ne ho yɛ bruu kakra sen mmofra afoforo? Ɛwom sɛ eyinom betumi ayɛ te sɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ daa de, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a tebea bi a ɛntaa nsi betumi aba wɔ eyi akyi a yɛnte ho asɛm pii. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea biako a ɛntaa nsi a ɛte saa ho asɛm, nanso sɛ wodi ho dwuma yiye a, wubetumi ne no atra ase yiye. Ɛno ne Diamond-Blackfan Mogya a Wɔyare, anaa `(Diamond-Blackfan Mogya - DBA)`.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA)?
Fa no sɛ yɛwɔ adwumayɛbea kɛse bi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛyɛ mogya. Yɛfrɛ no nnompe mu ntini . Adwumayɛbea yi adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, adwumayɛfo nkumaa a wɔde mframa pa kɔ yɛn nipadua nyinaa mu no. DBA yɛ tebea a adwumayɛbea a wɔfrɛ no nnompe mu ntini yi ntumi nyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛdɔɔso. Eyi ho yɛ na koraa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ saa tebea yi ba mmofra bɛyɛ 500,000 biara mu biako so.
Eyi yɛ awosu mu yare . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nsakrae a ɛba awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa mu no na ɛde ba. Eyi ma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no so tew. Yɛfrɛ saa tebea yi mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu , anaa mogya a enni nipadua mu anaasɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu. DBA yɛ nkwa nna nyinaa tebea. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, sɛ wɔyɛ ayaresa pa a, nnipa pii betumi adi wɔn yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so na wɔatra ase pa .
Dɛn ne obi a ɔwɔ DBA ho sɛnkyerɛnne?
DBA ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. Ebia nnipa binom benya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den, bere a afoforo nso betumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den kɛse. Momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw no.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Ɔbrɛ a ɛtaa ba | Esiane sɛ nipadua no mu nkwammoaa nnya mframa pa dodow a ɛho hia nti, wotaa te nka sɛ woda na wunni ahoɔden a wode bɛyɛ biribiara. |
| Wora a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (Pallor) . | Ɛte sɛ nea honam ani, anofafa, ne nnadewa no ayɛ fitaa esiane mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛma mogya no kɔla kɔkɔɔ a enni hɔ nti. |
| Koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm (Tachycardia) . | Ɛsɛ sɛ koma no yɛ adwumaden na ama mogya no akɔ ntɛmntɛm na ama nipadua no anya mframa pa a ehia. |
| Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den | Ɛtɔ da bi a, te sɛ bere a menantew kwan tiaa bi anaasɛ mereforo antweri bi no, ɛyɛ den ma me sɛ mɛhome, na mete nka sɛ merehome. |
| Akɔnnɔ | Titiriw mmofra nkumaa a wɔn ani nnye adidi ho kɛse. |
| Tiyɛ ne mmerɛwyɛ | Tebea a ɛtaa ba a mframa pa a ɛnnɔɔso mma nipadua ne amemene no mu ba. |
Dɛn nti na yare a ɛte sɛɛ ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?
Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, eyi yɛ awosu mu yare. Awosu mu nkwaadɔm pɔtee bi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛkyerɛ yɛn sɛ yɛnyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ. Wɔfrɛ wɔn `(ribosomal protein genes)`. Obi a ɔwɔ DBA no wɔ nsakrae anaa nsakrae bi wɔ saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu. Ne saa nti, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nkɔ so yiye.
Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ wobetumi de afi awofo hɔ akɔ mmofra nkyɛn. Nanso eyi si wɔ ɔha biara mu kakraa bi pɛ, bɛyɛ 10% - 25%. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ abofra betumi anya tebea no sɛ obiara nni abusua no mu a ɔwɔ yare no mpo a, esiane awosu mu nsakrae a ɛbae kwa nti.
Nsɛnnennen afoforo bɛn na ebetumi aba esiane DBA nti?
DBA nnya mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ nkutoo so nkɛntɛnso. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi de akwahosan ho haw afoforo nso aba. Afei nso, nnipa a wɔwɔ DBA no wɔ asiane a ɛkɔ soro kakra sɛ wobenya kokoram ahorow bi sen nnipa dodow no ara.
| Nsɛnnennen no su | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Nsɛnnennen a ɛtaa ba | |
| Awo mu dɛmdi ahorow | Ebia ɔhaw ahorow bi wɔ koma, asaabo, anaa akwaa ho. |
| Onyin a ɛreyɛ ayɛ basaa | Nipadua mu nyin yɛ brɛoo sen sɛnea wɔhwɛ kwan wɔ mfe a obi adi ho. |
| Dade a ɛboro so | Mogya a wɔtaa de ma no betumi ama nipadua no mu dade dodow akɔ soro a ɛho nhia, na asɛe akwaa te sɛ koma ne mmerɛbo. |
| Mogya mu nkwammoaa afoforo a ɛso tew | Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, mogya mu nkwammoaa afoforo te sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa (neutropenia) anaa mogya nkwammoaa (thrombocytopenia) nso betumi ayɛ nea ɛba fam. |
| Kokoram ho asiane (ɛkɔ soro kakra) . | |
| Leukemia a ɛma mogya tu | Titiriw mogya mu kokoram bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Acute myeloid leukemia - AML``. |
| Ntini a ɛma mogya tu (MDS) . | Mogya mu yare foforo a ɛsɛe nnompe mu ntini no dwumadi. |
| Nnompe mu yare | Kokoram tebea a ɛba nnompe mu. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu yare yi pɛpɛɛpɛ?
Sɛ wo ba no wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, wo duruyɛfo bedi kan ahwɛ wo ba no mu yiye na wabisa wo nsɛm no ho asɛm. Afei, ebia wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi de akyerɛ sɛ wɔahu yare no.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): Eyi kyerɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu. Obi a ɔwɔ DBA no mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow sua koraa.
- Reticulocyte dodow: Reticulocytes yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔayɛ foforo a ennya nnyinii koraa. Dodow a ɛba fam kyerɛ sɛ nnompe mu ntini no ntumi nyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ foforo a ɛdɔɔso.
- Bone marrow aspiration ne biopsy: Eyi ne nhwehwɛmu titiriw a wɔde si yare no so dua. Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔfa nnompe mu ntini ketewaa bi pɛ, mpɛn pii no efi asen dompe mu, wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no mu. Afei wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu de hu mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛrekɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa DBA?
Ɛwom sɛ wontumi nsa DBA koraa de, nanso ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a etu mpɔn a ebetumi aboa ma wɔadi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so na wɔakura asetra pa mu.
1. Corticosteroids: Nnuru yi kanyan nnompe mu ntini no ma ɛyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ pii. Saa ayaresa yi di yiye ma ayarefo pii.
2. Mogya a wɔde ma: Wɔma nnipa a wɔn mogya dodow sua koraa no mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a efi obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden hɔ. Nnuruyɛfo betumi afi ayaresa yi ase bere a wɔahu yare no ara pɛ. Eyi ma wonya ahotɔ ntɛm fi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho.
3. Stem cell transplant: Eyi nkutoo ne ayaresa a ebetumi asa DBA koraa . Nanso, eyi yɛ ayaresa a ɛyɛ den yiye na asiane wom. Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde ntini mu nkwammoaa a efi obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden (mpɛn pii no abusua muni) nnompe mu ntini mu no hyɛ ɔyarefo no mu. Eyi ntumi nyɛ yiye mma obiara. Oduruyɛfo no sua ɔyarefo no tebea ho ade yiye, ohu nea ɛfata yiye, na osi gyinae yi bere a wasusuw ho pii akyi.
Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu?
Sɛ wo anaa wo ba wɔ DBA a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo di nkitaho. Ɛho hia sɛ wodi bere a wɔahyɛ sɛ wobɛnom na wonom nnuru sɛnea wɔakyerɛw ama wo no. Sɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den (sɛ nhwɛso no, woabrɛ sen sɛnea wotaa yɛ, wunya nyarewa pii) a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.
Afei nso, sɛ wuhu ntɛmpɛ ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edidi so yi mu biara a, kɔ ayaresabea Emergency Department (ETU) a ɛbɛn wo ntɛm ara .
- Koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den
- Yafunu mu yaw a emu yɛ den mpofirim
- Tiyɛ a emu yɛ den mpofirim, adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, anaa ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛkasa (eyinom betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru) .
- Mogya a ɛtɔ a wontumi nni so
Sɛ wo ne nkwa nna nyinaa mu tebea a ɛntaa nsi te sɛ DBA bɛtra ase, titiriw sɛ ɛyɛ wo ba a, ebetumi ayɛ den yiye. Ebetumi ate nka sɛ wayɛ ankonam. Nanso kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo na wowɔ. Wo duruyɛfo ne aduruyɛ kuw no bɛma wo mmoa ne akwankyerɛ a wuhia.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) yɛ awosu mu yare a ɛntaa nsi a ɛmma nnompe mu ntini no ntumi nyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛdɔɔso.
- Ɔbrɛ a ɛtaa ba, ne ho yɛ fitaa, ne ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa ne sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw.
- Ɛwom sɛ eyi yɛ nkwa nna nyinaa tebea de, nanso wobetumi de ayaresa te sɛ steroid nnuru ne mogya a wɔde ma adi ho dwuma yiye.
- Ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkɔ so adi nkitaho daa na woanya nhwehwɛmu ne ayaresa a ɛfata.
- Hwɛ kɔkɔbɔ nsɛnkyerɛnne a egye ntɛmpɛ (te sɛ wo koko mu yaw a emu yɛ den, adwenem naayɛ) na kɔ ayaresabea hɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ntɛm ara wɔ tebea a ɛte saa mu.
- Sɛ mpo wote nka sɛ woatew wo ho esiane sɛ eyi yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi nti a, kae sɛ nnuruyɛfo akuw ne mmoa nkitahodibea ahorow wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛboa wo.
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