Sɛ woyɛ mammogram na wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ, "Wowɔ Stage 0 nufu mu kokoram, a wɔfrɛ no DCIS," ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu ne ahodwiriw nka mpofirim. Yɛn nyinaa ho popo bere a yɛte asɛmfua "kokoram" no. Nanso sɛ wote nea DCIS yɛ ase yiye a, wubehu sɛ saa ehu yi ho nhia. Momma yɛnka ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri, tiawa koraa.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne DCIS (Ductal Carcinoma in Situ)?
Bere a ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea edin yi yɛ den kakra no, nea ɛkyerɛ no yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Momma yɛnkyekyɛ mu asɛmfua biara:
- Ductal: Eyi kyerɛ nufusu ntini a ɛwɔ wo nufu mu no. Ntini no yɛ nneɛma nketenkete a ɛte sɛ nsukorade a ɛde nufusu fi ntini a ɛma nufusu wɔ nufu no mu kɔ nufusu no mu bere a worema nufu no.
- Kokoram: Eyi ne aduruyɛ mu din a wɔde frɛ kokoram. Ɛkyerɛ nkwammoaa a enyin wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.
- In Situ: Eyi ne asɛmfua a ɛho hia sen biara wɔ ha. "In Situ" yɛ Latin kasa mu asɛmfua a ɛkyerɛ "wɔ beae." Eyi kyerɛ sɛ saa kokoram nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ yi ayɛ wɔ nufusu kwan no mu nkutoo. Wɔnsɛee ntini no fasu mu na wɔatrɛw ankɔ nufu no mu ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu.
Fa no sɛ nsu afiri bi. Nkannare bi wɔ paipu no mu. Nanso nkannare no nkɔɔ paipu no fasu mu na ennya mfii adi. DCIS te saa. Kokoram nkwammoaa (te sɛ nkannare) wɔ nufusu kwan (nsu paipu) no mu, nanso ennya ntrɛwee wɔ abɔnten.
Eyi nti na nnuruyɛfo frɛ DCIS sɛ "noninvasive" anaa "pre-invasive" nufu mu kokoram. Ɛntrɛw (metastasize) nkɔ nipadua no afã afoforo.
Nanso nea ɛho hia sen biara no, sɛ wɔannya DCIS a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi abɛyɛ invasive ductal carcinoma, a ɛpaapae nufusu kwan no fasu mu na ɛtrɛw kɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu na wosa no ntɛm no.
Ɛhe na wɔfrɛ tebea yi DCIS?
DCIS yɛ nufu mu kokoram a abu so yiye ankasa. DCIS yɛ nufu mu kokoram a wɔahu no foforo no mu 20% kosi 25%. Ɛtaa ba mmea so kɛse. Mmarima ntaa nnya DCIS.
Nnansa yi, wɔabɔ amanneɛ pii wɔ DCIS nsɛm ho. Nanso abenfo ka sɛ ɛnyɛ nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ DCIS abɛyɛ nea abu so kɛse, na mmom esiane sɛ mprempren nhwehwɛmu te sɛ mammogram tumi hu tebea no ntɛm koraa nti.
Dɛn ne DCIS ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?
Mpɛn pii no wɔ DCIS muNsɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ebia worente nsonsonoe biara nka. Eyi ne hia a ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ mammograms. Wɔboa ma wohu tebea horow yi ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ada adi.
Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ nnipa binom benya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ eyinom:
- Sɛ wote nka sɛ akisikuru bi wɔ nufu no mu
- Honam ani akisikuru a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
- Nufu mu nsu (te sɛ mogya) .
Nea ɛde DCIS ba ne asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ
DCIS ba bere a nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw a ɛwɔ nufusu ntini mu no sesa (nkwaboaa mu nsakrae) na efi ase nyin a wontumi nni so no. Nanso abenfo da so ara nnim nea enti a nkwammoaa yi sesa saa kwan yi so ankasa, anaa nea enti a akyiri yi DCIS nsɛm bi dan kokoram a ano yɛ den.
Nanso, wɔahu nneɛma pii a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw, anaa asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya DCIS no yɛ kɛse.
| Asiane a Ɛde Ba | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Abusua abakɔsɛm | Nufu mu kokoram a ɔwɔ wɔ mogya abusuafo (ɛna, onuawa, ɔbabea) mu. |
| Ankorankoro abakɔsɛm | Esiane sɛ na wadi kan anya nufu mu kokoram anaasɛ nkwammoaa nyin a ɛnteɛ (atypical hyperplasia). |
| Mfe a obi adi ne ɔbarima anaa ɔbea | Ɔbea a ɔyɛ na wadi boro mfe 30. |
| Nkɛntɛnso a ɛwɔ nipadua mu nkwaadɔm mu | Mmabunbere ansa na wadi mfe 12, brayɛ a gyae bere a wadi mfe 55 akyi. |
| Nyinsɛn a wɔde di dwuma | Worennyinsɛn da, wo ba a odi kan nwo bere a wadi mfe 30 akyi, anaasɛ woremma wo mma nufu. |
| Awosu mu nneɛma | Awosu mu nsakrae ( BRCA 1 ne BRCA 2 ) a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram no yɛ kɛse. |
| Nneɛma afoforo | Sɛ́ ɔwɔ nufu mu ntini a ɛyɛ den, a wɔde mframa a wɔde sa yare akɔ ne moma so no. |
Adeɛ a ɛho hia sɛ yɛte aseɛ wɔ ha ne sɛ, sɛ wowɔ saa asiane ahodoɔ yi mu baako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ akyinnyeɛ biara nni ho sɛ wobɛnya DCIS. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnipa a wonni nufu mu kokoram biara wɔ abusua mu no da so ara betumi anya DCIS. Wɔkyerɛ kɛkɛ sɛ nea ebetumi aba no dɔɔso kakra.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu DCIS?
Wɔnam mammogram so hu DCIS nsɛm bɛboro 90% . Mammogram ahorow kyerɛ calcium nketenkete (microcalcifications) a ɛwɔ nufu no mu akuwakuw. Eyinom ne DCIS ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw.
Sɛ mammogram no da biribi a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ adi a, ɛda adi sɛ oduruyɛfo no bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ biopsy . Nea ɛka biopsy ho ne sɛ wogye ntini a ɛyɛ hu no mu kakraa bi pɛ na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ ebia kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ mu anaa.
DCIS no mu abasobɔde ne ne fã ahorow
Sɛ wohu sɛ DCIS wɔ hɔ wie a, nnuruyɛfo kyerɛ sɛnea ɛyɛ ne sɛnea ɛyɛ.
- Stage: DCIS yɛ Stage 0 nufu mu kokoram bere nyinaa . Eyi yɛ asɛmpa paa efisɛ ɛkyerɛ sɛ kokoram no ntrɛwee.
- Abasobɔde: Eyi kyerɛ sɛnea kokoram nkwammoaa no di nsɛ anaasɛ ɛsono sɛnea nkwammoaa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden ne sɛnea ɛrenyin ntɛmntɛm. Abasobɔde atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ.
- Low Grade: Kokoram nkwammoaa dodow no ara te sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw na enyin nkakrankakra.
- Mfinimfini Abasobɔde: Kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ soronko kakra wɔ nkwammoaa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden ho.
- High Grade: Kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ soronko koraa wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw ho na ɛwɔ su sɛ enyin ntɛmntɛm.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa DCIS?
Ɛwom sɛ DCIS nyɛ kokoram a ano yɛ den de, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wɔsa no na wɔasiw asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛdan kokoram a ano yɛ den akyiri yi no ano. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina nneɛma te sɛ mfe a woadi, DCIS abasobɔde, ne nea w’ankasa wopɛ so akyerɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo.
Akwan titiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa yare:
| Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so Yɛ Ayaresa | Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a... |
|---|---|
| 1. Lumpectomy / Oprehyɛn a Wɔkora Nufu so + Radiation Therapy | Nea ɛka eyi ho ne oprehyɛn a wɔde DCIS yi ntini no fã nkutoo, ne ntini kakraa bi a ɛte apɔw a atwa ho ahyia no. Eyi ma wo nufu no fã kɛse no ara yɛ nea enni dɛm. Wɔ oprehyɛn akyi no, wɔtaa de mframa a wɔde sa yare ma de kum kokoram nkwammoaa biara a aka. |
| 2. Nufu a wɔtwa | Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi nufu a DCIS aka no nyinaa. Wɔkamfo saa adeyɛ yi kyerɛ sɛ DCIS no atrɛw akɔ nufu no fã kɛse anaa nufusu ntini pii mu, anaasɛ sɛ lumpectomy nyɛ ɔkwan a wobetumi afa so a. Mpɛn pii no, ɛho nhia sɛ wɔde mframa a wɔde sa yare ma bere a wɔatwa nufu no awie no. |
Sɛ wɔatwa wo nufu a, wubetumi ne wo duruyɛfo akasa afa oprehyɛn a wɔbɛyɛ de asan ayɛ nufu no ho.
Oprehyɛn akyi ayaresa
Sɛ woyɛ oprehyɛn wie a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo hormone ayaresa akyerɛ na amma DCIS no ansan amma bio. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne nnuru te sɛ Tamoxifen anaa Aromatase Inhibitors a wɔde di dwuma . Saa ayaresa yi taa di bɛyɛ mfe anum.
So wobetumi asa DCIS koraa?
Yiw, koraa! DCIS yɛ tebea a wotumi sa yiye na wotumi sa koraa . Wɔn a wonya ayaresa no ayaresa dodow no dɔɔso yiye, ɛbɛn 100%.
Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ DCIS bɛsan aba wɔ ayaresa akyi no sua koraa. Sɛ ɛsan ba mpo a, mpɛn pii no ɛnyɛ nea ɛde nkwa to asiane mu.
Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ?
Ɛwom sɛ ɔkwan pɔtee biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw DCIS ano de, nanso sɛ wohu ntɛm a, ebetumi ama obi ho atɔ no koraa.
- Nya nufu mu nhwehwɛmu daa: Wɔtaa kamfo kyerɛ sɛ woyɛ wo nufu mu nhwehwɛmu pɛnkoro afe biara wɔ mfe 40 akyi. Nanso, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ eyi ho asɛm, a egyina asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ mu so.
- Di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi: Sɛ wosa yare wie a, kɔhwɛ sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ no. Mpɛn pii no, ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu asram 6-12 biara wɔ mfe anum a edi kan no mu ne afe biara wɔ ɛno akyi.
- Bisa wo duruyɛfoɔ nsɛm: Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ DCIS a, wo ne wo duruyɛfoɔ nkasa fa nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo ho. Bisa nsɛm te sɛ, "Dɛn ne ayaresa a eye sen biara ma me?", "Bere tenten ahe na ayaresa begye?", "So metumi akɔ so ayɛ adwuma wɔ saa bere yi mu?"
Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu ne dadwen nka bere a wuhu sɛ wowɔ kokoram no. Nanso kae sɛ DCIS yɛ nufu mu kokoram a ɛba ntɛm, ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ hu, na wotumi sa yiye. Sɛ wosa wo yare yiye na wodi akyi a, wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom koraa.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- DCIS ne nufu mu kokoram a edi kan (Stage 0) . Ɛha yi, kokoram nkwammoaa no wɔ nufusu ntini no mu nkutoo na ɛntrɛw nkɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu.
- Eyi yɛ kokoram a entumi nkɔ nipadua no mu, enti ɛntrɛw nkɔ nipadua no afã afoforo.
- Mpɛn pii no DCIS nni sɛnkyerɛnne biara . Wɔtaa hu no denam mammogram so.
- Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wobetumi de ayaresa asa DCIS koraa , enti ɛho nhia sɛ wosuro.
- Sɛ wɔansa a, asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛyɛ kokoram a ano yɛ den, enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ ayaresa sɛnea nnuruyɛfo afotu kyerɛ .
- Aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa ne nufu mu nhwehwɛmu ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wɔfa so hu yare no ntɛm.
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