So wunya Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm nso? Momma yensua ho ade!

So ɛtɔ da bi a wususuw sɛ, "Oh, me werɛ afi biribiara nnansa yi"? Anaasɛ woahyɛ nsakrae nketenkete bi wɔ w’adamfo bi nkae anaa ne nneyɛe mu nsow? Ebia saa nneɛma yi nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhaw yɛn ho. Nanso, sɛ saa nneɛma yi kɔ so si ansa na woanyin mpo a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ mu kakra. Saa nsɛm yi a wobɛte no betumi ahaw wo kakra, nanso nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ eyi yiye.

Dɛn ne Alzheimer Yare a Efi Ase Mfiase?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Alzheimer Yare a Efi Ase Mfiase (EOAD) yɛ Alzheimer yare bi a ɛba nnipa a wonnii mfe 65. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuruyɛfo frɛ no Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm . Mpɛn pii no, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi di kan da adi wɔ mfe 45 kosi 64 ntam.

Alzheimer yare yɛ yare a ɛma ntini mu yare yɛ adwuma . Ɛne sɛ, ɛyɛ yare a ɛsɛe nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene mu no na ɛsɛe bere tenten. Eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛde adwenemhaw , a ɛne nkae ne nyansa a wɔhwere nkakrankakra no ba. Nanso, ayarefo a wɔwɔ Alzheimer nyinaa mu nnu 1% na wɔwɔ adwenemhaw a efi ase ntɛm (EOAD).

Mfiase no, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama wo sɛ wubehu nsakrae a aba wo ho no. Nanso wɔn a wɔbɛn wo, te sɛ w’abusuafo ne wo nnamfo, betumi ahu nsakrae a ɛyɛ anifere a ebia worenhu. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ wo nkae, wo nsusuwii, anaa wo da biara da dwumadi mu a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Dɛn ne Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Alzheimer yare a na ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ Alzheimer yare a ɛtaa ba no ara pɛ. Nsonsonoe titiriw a ɛwɔ mu ne mfe a saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi fi ase da adi. Saa tebea yi ma adwene mu tumi so tew nkakrankakra (nhumu a ɛkɔ fam nkakrankakra) . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ bere a amemene no sɛe no, bere kɔ so no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den.

Mfiase no, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama w’ankasa sɛ wubehu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi. Nanso ebia w’adɔfo, w’abusua, behu nsakrae nketenkete yi. Sɛ wo anaa obi a wowɔ ne mu ahotoso hu adwenemhaw ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo kasa.

Saa tebea yi (EOAD) nka obiara wɔ ɔkwan koro so. Nanso mpɛn pii no, ebetumi aka wo:

• Nkaeɛ
• Kasa mu nimdeɛ - kasa ne akyerɛw
• Nsusuwii ho tumi
• Suban ne nipasu
• Ahunmu nhumu - se nhwɛsoɔ no, ahunmu nteaseɛ.

(EOAD) Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no fi ase brɛoo na bere kɔ so no, ɛyɛ kɛse. Wɔ mfiase no, ebia wubehu nsakrae nketenkete te sɛ eyinom:

• Nsakrae a ɛba wo suban anaa wo nipasu mu (titiriw sɛ wo bo fuw, wo ho yɛ wo hyew, anaasɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew sen kan no) .(Ebetumi adɔɔso.) Fa no sɛ, obi a kan no na ne ho adwo no paa seesei ne bo fuw wɔ nneɛma nketenkete ho.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wubenya nsɛmfua a ɛfata bere a worekasa anaa worekyerɛw. Ɛte sɛ nea nsɛm mfi w’anom mfi.
• Nkae a ɛyera (sɛ nhwɛso no, nnipa din, wɔn anim, anaa nsɛm a esisii saa bere no werɛ fi). So wo werɛ taa fi nneɛma a wobɛtɔ a wɔka kyerɛɛ wo sɛ fa bra no? Anaasɛ wo werɛ fi mpofirim nea na worebɛka bere a worebɔ nkɔmmɔ?
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wubedi ɔhaw ahorow a anka wubetumi ayɛ ntɛm ho dwuma.
• Ɛwom mpo sɛ wɔde akwankyerɛ ama (te sɛ aduannoa sɛnea aduannoa ho nyansahyɛ bi kyerɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ) , nanso ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wode w’adwene besi nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi so na wusi gyinae .
• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa anisoadehu, kari pɛ, ne nhyehyɛe a wɔde yɛ adwuma ho (ebia wubehu sɛ worebɔ dan mu nneɛma bere nyinaa anaasɛ wohintiw).

Akyiri yi, ebia wubehu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den kɛse, te sɛ:

• Wo werɛ fi baabi a wowɔ ne sɛnea woduu hɔ .
• Nea enye koraa mpo ne nkae a ɛyera (kodu baabi a wo werɛ befi wo nkae a ɛkyɛ no afã horow mpo).
• Adwenem naayɛ ne ahotoso a wonni wɔ adɔfo (wɔn a woka sɛ wunim wɔn yiye mpo) mu.
• Tumi a obi tumi kasa na ɔne afoforo di nkitaho a wɔhwere no fã bi (anaasɛ koraa).

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm ba?

Ade titiriw a ɛde Alzheimer yare a ɛba ntɛm ba ne protein ahorow a ɛkɔ amemene no mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so , titiriw protein ahorow abien a wɔfrɛ no amyloid ne tau .

Wunim, yɛn amemene no wɔ ntini mu nkwammoaa ɔpepepem pii a wɔfrɛ no ntini ahorow . Saa ntini mu nkwammoaa yi na ɛboa yɛn ma yesusuw nneɛma ho, sua ade, kae yɛn, na yɛyɛ nhyehyɛe. Enti, amyloid protein no bata amemene no mu nkwammoaa no mu, na ɛyɛ akuwakuw a wɔfrɛ no plaques . Tau protein ahorow no bom yɛ tan, na ɛyɛ tangles . Saa nsensanee ne nsensanee yi mma ntini mu nkwammoaa no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Wɔsiw anyinam ahoɔden ne nnuru nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛfa wɔn mu no kwan.

Sɛ amyloid ne tau protein ahorow boaboa ano wɔ amemene no mu a, ekum ntini mu nkwammoaa nkakrankakra. Eyi ne nea ɛde ɔsɛe a ɛtra hɔ daa a ɛde Alzheimer yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ba no ba. Ntini mu nkwammoaa no fi ase wuwu wɔ amemene no fã biako, afei ɛtrɛw kɔ afã afoforo. Mpɛn pii no, EOAD fi ase wɔ amemene no fã a ɛhwɛ yɛn nkae so - hippocampus .

Abenfo da so ara rebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobehu nea enti a protein ahorow yi boaboa ano. Nhwehwɛmufo susuw sɛ protein a ɛboaboa ano yi si bere tenten ansa na yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ada adi. Ebetumi mpo adi mfe 10 ansa na woafi ase ahu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow.

So Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm no fi awosu mu?

Yiw, Alzheimer yare a ɛba ntɛm no yɛ awosu mu tebea.Ebetumi aba. Wɔahu sɛ tebea horow yi mu dodow no ara (Early-Onset Alzheimer’s disease ) ne awosu mu nsakrae a ɛba wɔ chromosomes 1, 14, anaa 21. Afei nso, sɛ obi nya awosu mu abɔde bi a wɔfrɛ no (APOE e4 gene) a, ɛma asiane no yɛ kɛse. Nanso ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ (APOE e4) awosu mu abɔde no na obenya Alzheimer yare. Ɛyɛ ade biako pɛ a ebetumi ama asiane no ayɛ kɛse.

Alzheimer yare nso tumi tu mmirika wɔ mmusua mu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ w’awofo anaa wo nuanom wɔ yare no a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya bi. Sɛ wo nuanom baanu anaa w’awofo baanu nyinaa wɔ bi a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ kɛse mpo.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba?

Nhwehwɛmufo da so ara resua nea ɛma Alzheimer yare no nya ntɛm sen mfe yi. Ebia asiane ahorow bi ne:

• Alzheimer yare a wobenya wɔ abusua mufo a wɔbɛn wɔn (awofo, anuanom) mu.
• Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia (biribi a ɛwɔ baabi a wote, woyɛ adwuma, anaa wotaa kɔ hɔ).
• Ti a opira kɛse (amemene mu opira a ɛyɛ hu) .
• Sigaretnom.
• W’akwahosan nyinaa.

Akwahosan tebea horow bi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya Alzheimer yare no ayɛ kɛse, a nea ɛka ho ne:

• Koma ne ntini mu yare
• Asikyireyareɛ
• Down syndrome a (Trisomy 21) na ɛde ba .
• Mogya mmoroso
• Cholesterol a ɛdɔɔso
• Obolo

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm no de ba?

Ɔhaw kɛse a ɛwɔ Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm no mu ne sɛnea ɛsɛe w’amemene no. Ebetumi ama nsakrae a ɛtra hɔ daa aba sɛnea wususuw nneɛma ho, sɛnea wode wo nipadua di dwuma, ne wo nipasu mu. Bere a yare no kɔ so no, ebia wubehyia ɔhaw ahorow, na emu bi betumi de wo nkwa ato asiane mu.

Yebetumi ahu eyinom sɛ nsɛnnennen:

• Nipadua akwahosan nyinaa a ɛsɛe.
• Nyarewa (sɛ nhwɛso no , ahurututu mu yare anaa honam ani yare).
• Ntini a ɛma obi ho kyere no .
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛmene.

Sɛ wuntumi nni wo nipadua so a, ebia wobɛkɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ:

• Mpa so akisikuru .
• Nsu a ɛho nhia anaasɛ aduan pa a wonnya nni .
• Ahwease, nnompe a abubu, ne opira afoforo a emu yɛ den.
• Nsu a wontumi nhyɛ mu ne dwensɔtwaa a wontumi nhyɛ mu .
• Nse a ɛporɔw, sẽ a ɛporɔw, ne nsensan ho haw afoforo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu Alzheimer yare a Efi Ase Mfiase no?

Nnuruyɛfo hu EOAD wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara a wɔfa so hu Alzheimer yare no so. Wɔyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ ne ntini mu nhwehwɛmu.Afei, wɔpow nyarewa afoforo a ebetumi de ɔhaw a ɛte saa ara aba wɔ nkae ne sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo mu.

Wo duruyɛfo no bebisa wo nsɛm de ate w’akwahosan ne w’abrabɔ da biara da ase. Wɔbɛka nsakrae a ebia worenhu, nanso obi a ɔbɛn wo nso ahyɛ no nsow ho asɛm akyerɛ wo. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bebisa nea ɛfa:

• W’akwahosan nyinaa.
• Wo aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm .
• Nnuru anaa nnuru a wɔde ka ho bɛn na worenom mprempren?
• Nsakrae a ɛba wo nkate, wo suban, ne wo nipasu mu.
• Sɛnea wotumi yɛ nnwuma a wotaa yɛ no.

Oduruyɛfo no nso bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii te sɛ:

• Nkate mu sɔhwɛ ahorow .
• CT scan a wɔde yɛ adwuma .
• Amemene mu MRI mfoninitwa .
• PET scan a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu .
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu.
• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu.

Nhwehwɛmu biako biara nni hɔ a ebetumi asi Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm so dua anaasɛ ahu. Nanso, ɛdenam nsɛm a wɔaboaboa ano afi nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi mu biara mu so no, oduruyɛfo no betumi ayi tebea afoforo a ebetumi de sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte saa ara aba no afi hɔ.

Dɛn ne ayaresa a wɔde sa Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm no?

Wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ayaresa ahorow a ɛbɛma wo adwenemhaw , a ɛyɛ nkae ne nyansa a wobɛhwere no akɔ so brɛoo no akyerɛ wo. Asa biara nni hɔ a wɔde sa Alzheimer yare biara . Nanso, ayaresa ahorow betumi aboa ma wɔadi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so na ama yare no akɔ so brɛoo.

Sɛ wufi ase sa yare ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi a, ɛno ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so akura amemene no akwahosan mu wɔ w’asetra nyinaa mu. Nanso, mprempren ayaresa biara nni hɔ a ebetumi asan amemene a asɛe anaasɛ adwene mu ɔhaw no.

Ɛda adi sɛ wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw Alzheimer ayaresa a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ ama EOAD. Ebia wubehia nnuru te sɛ eyinom:

• (Nnuru a esiw cholinesterase ano) .
• (Donanemab) .
• (Lecanemab) .
• (NMDA a ɛko tia nnuru) .

Aducanumab yɛ aduru foforo koraa a wɔde sa EOAD. Abenfo da so ara sua ho ade. Ɛtew amyloid protein a ɛboaboa ano wɔ amemene no mu no so.

Nnuru a wɔde di sɛnkyerɛnne pɔtee bi so

Ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkyerɛw nnuru ama wo de adi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi so. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw : Saa nnuru yi tumi sa nneɛma te sɛ dadwen, ahomegye a enni hɔ, adwene a ɛsakra, ne adwenemhaw.
• (Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)) : Eyinom betumi ama obi anya adwenem naayɛ, adwenem naayɛ, na wayɛ basaa.Wobetumi asa nneɛma a ɛtete saa.
• (Nnuru a wɔde ko tia akisikuru) : Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuru yi tumi sa adwene mu nsakrae.

Ayaresa mu sɔhwɛ ahorow

Nyansahufo reyɛ nhwehwɛmu bere nyinaa wɔ EOAD ne ayaresa ahorow a ebetumi aba mu. Bisa wo duruyɛfo sɛ ebia nnuruyɛ mu sɔhwɛ ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa wo anaa. Eyinom yɛ nhwehwɛmu anaa nhwehwɛmu ahorow a ɛfa atuhoamafo a wɔwɔ Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm ho. Ebia eyinom bɛma woanya hokwan asɔ ayaresa foforo a wonnya nnya nyɛɛ saa ahwɛ.

Dɛn ne obi a ɔwɔ Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm no nkwa nna?

Ɛsono sɛnea Alzheimer yare a ɛba ntɛm no ka obiara. Nnipa binom tra ase mfe du du pii. Afoforo nso wuwu wɔ mfe 10 akyi bere a wɔahu sɛ wɔanya bi no. Bere tenten a wubetumi atra ase no gyina nneɛma te sɛ:

• Sɛnea w’adwene mu tumi resɛe ntɛmntɛm (adwene a ɛkɔ fam) .
• Mfe a woadi bere a wohui sɛ wowɔ yare no.
• W’akwahosan nyinaa ne nyarewa foforo biara a ebia wowɔ.

Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm no taa kɔ so ntɛmntɛm sen Alzheimer yare a ɛba daa no. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia wubenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den ntɛm asen obi a wɔahu sɛ ɔwɔ bi bere a wadi mfe 65. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm (EOAD) a wobɛtra ase ho. Obetumi aboa wo ma wode botae ne akwanhwɛ ahorow a ɛfata asi w’ani so.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ayɛ nsakrae wɔ asetra a Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm no mu?

Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm a wobɛtra ase no betumi ayɛ den ankasa. Nnipa a wonya Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm (EOAD) no taa da so ara yɛ adwuma, na ebia wɔwɔ mmusua nkumaa a mmofra nkumaa wom . Eyi betumi de nsɛnnennen aba a nnipa a wɔwɔ Alzheimer yare daa no nnya bi. Eyi betumi ayɛ asɛnnennen ankasa, nanso kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo na wowɔ akwantu yi mu.

Wowɔ hokwan sɛ wohwehwɛ nnwuma a wuhia wɔ w’adwumam. Wo duruyɛfo nso betumi aka nneɛma afoforo a ebetumi aboa wo ho asɛm akyerɛ wo. Wubetumi afi ase ayɛ daakye ho nhyehyɛe ansa na wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu ayɛ den. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wususuw akwankyerɛ a ɛkɔ akyiri , mmara ne sikasɛm nhyehyɛe ho.

Sɛ wuhia mmoa a, wo ne adwenemyare ho ɔbenfo nkasa . Ɛtaa ba sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ Alzheimer yare a efi ase ntɛm ne wɔn mmusua te adwennwen, dadwen, ne awerɛhow kɛse nka , titiriw bere a wɔahu sɛ wɔanya bi no akyi. Saa nkate no yɛ nokware na ɛfata, nanso enhia sɛ edi w’asetra so. Adwene mu akwahosan ho ɔbenfo betumi aboa wo ma woate wo nsusuwii ne wo nkate ase na waboa wo ma woagyina ano.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wuhyia ɔhaw biara wɔ wo nkae anaa wo nsusuwii mu a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara .

Ɛho behia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kɔhwɛ wo daa. Ɔbɛhwɛ sɛnea wo tebea no rekɔ so na wayɛ nsakrae wɔ w’ayaresa mu sɛnea ɛho hia.

Wubetumi nso abisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Nsɛnkyerɛnne anaa nsakrae bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ me ne m’abusua hwɛ yiye?
• So ɔkwan bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so kyerɛ sɛnea yare no bɛkɔ so ntɛmntɛm?
• Dɛn ne ayaresa a eye sen biara ma me?
• So wubetumi ahyɛ mpɔtam hɔ nneɛma biara a ebetumi aboa m’abusua ma wɔayɛ nsakrae wɔ tebea yi mu ho nyansa?

Obiara werɛ fi nsɛm nketenkete bere ne bere mu, anaasɛ mpofirim ara ne werɛ fi nea na ɔrebɛka bere a ɔrekasa no. Ɛnyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho. Obiara nnim w’adwene ne wo nipadua yiye nsen wo. Nanso sɛ ɛhaw wo sɛ wo nkae anaa wo nsusuwii resakra kɛse—titiriw sɛ ɛba mpofirim a—kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛho hia paa a yɛpɛ sɛ yɛde fi asɛm yi mu kɔ fie?

Alzheimer Yare a Efi Ase Mfiase yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den a ebetumi aka nnipa a wonnii mfe 65. Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohwehwɛ nnuruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edi kan te sɛ nkae a ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ den sɛ wubenya nsɛmfua, ne suban mu nsakrae a .

Ɛwom sɛ wonni saa tebea yi ano aduru biara de , nanso sɛ wohu yare no ntɛm na wɔsa yare a, ebetumi aboa ma wɔadi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so na ama yare no akɔ so brɛoo. Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nko ara. Nnuruyɛfo, adwenemyare ho adwumayɛfo, ne akuw a wɔboa wo wɔ hɔ a wobetumi aboa wo ne w’abusua ma moagyina saa asɛnnennen yi ano.

Hwɛ w’amemene akwahosan so yiye. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi a, mmu w’ani ngu so.

` Alzheimer, werɛfi, nkae, amemene mu yare, ntini mu yare, adwenemhaw, EOAD