Adwumayɛfo nkumaa a wɔwɔ yɛn nipadua mu: Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa enzymes ho!

So woasusuw sɛnea aduan a yedi, sɛ nhwɛso no, aburow prɛte mu, ma yɛn nipadua nya ahoɔden no ho pɛn? Anaasɛ bere a yɛhome, bere a yɛn ntini nyin, fa nnamfo nketewa nanso wɔwɔ tumi kɛse a wɔhyɛ eyinom nyinaa akyi no ho? Wɔfrɛ saa nnamfo no enzymes . Eyinom te sɛ adwumayɛbea adwumayɛfo nketewa a aniwa nhu wɔn wɔ yɛn nipadua mu, na wɔboa yɛn bere nyinaa ma yɛtra ase.

Dɛn ne enzymes? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Enzyme yɛ protein bi . Wɔboa ma nnuru a ɛyɛ adwuma ntɛmntɛm wɔ yɛn nipadua mu, a wɔfrɛ no metabolism . Susuw ho hwɛ, saa enzymes yi ho hia na ama wɔatumi akyekye nneɛma bi na wɔabubu afoforo. Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa ne sɛ, abɔde a nkwa wom nyinaa wɔ enzymes!

Yɛn nipadua no yɛ enzymes fi awosu mu. Yenya enzymes nso fi nnuan a yedi ne nneɛma bi a wɔayɛ mu.

Enti, ɔsom bɛn na saa enzymes yi de ma nipadua no?

Enzyme dwumadi ahorow a ɛho hia sen biara no mu biako ne sɛ ɛbɛboa ma aduan ayam . Digestion yɛ adeyɛ a ɛma aduan a yedi no dan ahoɔden. Susuw ho hwɛ, yɛwɔ enzymes wɔ yɛn nnompe, yɛn dwensɔtwaa, yɛn dwensɔtwaa, ne yɛn yafunu mu.

Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wudi aburow a, enzymes boa ma starch a ɛwɔ mu no mu paapae ma ɛbɛyɛ asikre. Enzyme nso wɔ hɔ a ɛbɛma biribi a srade wom anaa aduan a protein pii wom te sɛ atoko. Eyinom paapae srade, protein, ne carbohydrates mu ma ɛyɛ nketenkete a nipadua no tumi twetwe. Afei nipadua no de saa aduannuru yi di dwuma de nyin na ɛma nkwammoaa no siesie.

Wɔ aduan a wɔyam akyi no, enzymes boa wɔ nneɛma afoforo pii mu:

• Ɔhome: Yiw, saa enzyme yi yɛ adwuma bere a yɛrehome no.
• Ntini a enyin: Nipadua no nso hia mmoa a efi enzymes mu na ama ayɛ ntini.
• Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ntini ahorow no bɛyɛ adwuma: Eyinom ho hia na ama yɛn ntini ahorow no ayɛ adwuma yiye.
• Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na ayi awuduru afi nipadua no mu: Enzyme nso boa ma woyi nneɛma a epira, kyerɛ sɛ , awuduru , a ɛboaboa ano wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no fi hɔ.

So enzyme ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Oh yiw! Enzyme ahorow mpempem pii wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Ade titiriw ne sɛ, enzyme ahorow biara wɔ adwuma pɔtee biako pɛ a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ . Ɛte sɛ nea animdefo a wɔyɛ soronko wɔ hɔ ma adwuma biara.

Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Enzyme Sucrase no yɛ adwuma de bubu asikre sucrose no mu nkutoo.
• Lactase yɛ enzyme a ɛpaapae asikre lactose a ɛwɔ nufusu mu no. Nnipa binom yafunu yɛ wɔn yaw bere a wɔnom nufusu esiane sɛ wonni saa enzyme yi nti.

Enzyme ahorow a ɛho hia sen biara wɔ yɛn aduan mu no bi ni:

• Carbohydrase: Eyinom paapae carbohydrates (nneɛma te sɛ starch) mu ma ɛbɛyɛ asikre.
• Lipase a wɔde yɛ aduan:Eyinom paapae srade (nneɛma te sɛ ngo) mu ma ɛbɛyɛ srade.
• Protease: Eyinom paapae protein ahorow mu ma ɛbɛyɛ amino acids.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na enzyme bi yɛ adwuma? Dɛn ne n’afã horow?

Ɛnyɛ den koraa. Enzyme biara wɔ beae bi a wɔfrɛ no "active site." Eyi te sɛ nsusuwii titiriw bi a ɛwɔ enzyme no so. Wɔfrɛ ade a enzyme no yɛ adwuma wɔ so no "substrate." Saa substrate yi nso wɔ n’ankasa nsusuwii soronko.

Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ safe ne safe tokuru. Sɛ enzyme no ne safe no a, substrate no ne safe a ɛfata no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Bere a saa abien yi hyia pɛpɛɛpɛ nkutoo na enzyme no betumi ayɛ adwuma. Ɛne sɛ, sɛnea bere a wɔde safe no hyɛ safe no mu na ɔpon no bue no, nnuru no ba bere a ade a ɛwɔ ase no kyekyere beae a ɛyɛ adwuma no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɔhyew ne pH ka enzymes?

Sɛ enzymes bɛyɛ adwuma yiye a, ɛsɛ sɛ wonya baabi a ɛfata . Sɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no nyɛ papa a, sɛnea enzyme ahorow no te betumi asesa. Afei safe no ne safe no ntumi nkɔ mu yiye, na enzymes no nso nyɛ adwuma.

Enzyme biara wɔ ɔhyew ne pH pɔtee bi a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye.

• pH: Eyi yɛ nea ɛkyerɛ sɛnea biribi yɛ acid anaasɛ alkaline. Enzyme ahorow no te eyi nka yiye. Sɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no yɛ acid dodo anaasɛ alkaline dodo a, enzymes no rentumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Sɛ nhwɛso no, enzyme a wɔfrɛ no pepsin a ɛwɔ yɛn yafunu mu no boa ma protein ahorow no mu paapae. Sɛ acid nnɔɔso wɔ yafunu no mu a, pepsin ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye.
• Ɔhyew: Enzymes yɛ adwuma yiye wɔ yɛn nipadua mu hyew a ɛyɛ bɛyɛ digrii Celsius 37 (98.6°F) mu. Bere a ɔhyew no kɔ soro no, enzyme ahorow no yɛ ntɛmntɛm. Nanso, sɛ ɔhyew no kɔ soro dodo a, enzymes no gyae adwumayɛ. Ɛno nti na sɛ yɛwɔ atiridiinini kɛse a, yɛn nipadua no dwumadi brɛ ase no. Enzyme ahorow no fi nea wontumi nni so.

Nyarewa bɛn na enzyme ho haw betumi de aba?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ yɛn nipadua no nni enzyme pɔtee bi a ɛdɔɔso a , nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛsakra no betumi aba. Eyinom bi betumi afi awofo hɔ ama mmofra denam awosu mu nkwaadɔm (i.e., agyapade) so.

Saa nyarewa a wonya fi awo mu a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma yi bi ne:

• Fabry yare: Wɔ tebea yi mu no, nipadua no ntumi nyɛ enzyme alpha-galactosidase A a ehia na ama srade (lipids) abubu no.
• Krabbe yare (globoid cell leukodystrophy): Eyi ka nkataso a ɛbɔ ntini mu nkwammoaa ho ban, a wɔfrɛ no myelin , ne enzyme ahorow a ehia ma no. Ɛka Central Nervous System no .
• Maple syrup nsu mu yare: Ebi ka eyi hoEnzymes a ehia na ama wɔabubu nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛwɔ nkorabata mu amino acid ahorow no nya nkɛntɛnso.

Nea ɛka eyi ho no, akwahosan ho tebea afoforo wɔ hɔ a ebetumi afi enzyme a ɛnkari pɛ mu aba:

• Crohn yare: Sɛ mmoawa a wɔwɔ yɛn dwensɔtwaa mu (gut microbiome) no nkari pɛ a, ebetumi ama nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ adwuma wɔ awotwaa no mu. Eyi betumi aka sɛnea yare no te ne sɛnea emu yɛ den.
• Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI): Eyi ne bere a wo dwensɔtwaa no ntumi nyɛ aduan mu enzymes a ɛdɔɔso. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wuntumi nsɛe aduan yiye anaasɛ wunnye aduannuru. EPI betumi afi tebea horow te sɛ dwensɔtwaa mu yare a enni sabea , dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram , asikreyare, anaa cystic fibrosis .
• Lactose a wontumi nnyina ano: Enzyme (lactase) a ehia na ama wɔatumi ayam lactose, asikre a ɛwɔ nufusu ne nufusu mu no a enni hɔ na ɛde tebea yi ba. Nnipa pii nya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ akisikuru ne gas bere a wɔanom nufusu awie no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na enzyme nhwehwɛmu hu nyarewa?

Wo duruyɛfo betumi de mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahwɛ sɛ wowɔ akwahosan tebea horow bi te sɛ mmerɛbo mu enzyme dodow a ɛkɔ soro, a ebetumi ayɛ mmerɛbo mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne .

So ɛsɛ sɛ menom nnuru a wɔde boa enzyme?

Mpɛn pii no, obi a onni nyarewa a enni sabea na odi aduan pa no benya enzyme dodow a ɛho hia wɔ ne nipadua mu.

Nanso, sɛ wowɔ akwahosan tebea pɔtee bi (te sɛ EPI) a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ fa nnuru a wɔde ka enzyme ho. Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ EPI nom aduru bi a ɛma aduan mu yɛ hyew ansa na wɔadidi. Eyi boa wɔn nipadua ma ɛtwe aduannuru fi aduan mu.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu bere nyinaa ansa na woanom enzyme biara a wɔde ka ho. Ɛnyɛ adwene pa sɛ w’ankasa wode eyinom bedi dwuma.

So nnuru betumi anya enzyme dodow so nkɛntɛnso?

Yiw, nnuru bi betumi ama nsakrae aba enzyme dodow mu.

• Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa betumi akum mmoawa pa a wohia na ama enzyme ahorow bi ayɛ adwuma yiye no. Ɛno nti na ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ma yafunu yɛ yaw na ɛma obi dwensɔ. Sɛ wokum mmoawa bɔne a wɔde nyarewa ba a, wokunkum mmoawa pa a wɔboa ma wɔyam no nso.
• Statin (nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew) betumi ama mmerɛbo ne ntini mu enzyme dodow akɔ soro, na ebetumi ama mmerɛbo anaa ntini asɛe.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn fa enzyme ho haw bi ho?

Ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wubehu no yiye sɛ ebia wowɔ enzyme ho haw bi a wonnyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi mu biara a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ afotu:

• Yafunu mu yaw
• Ɔhohoro anaa mframa a ɛbɔ
• Ayamtuo
• Ɔbrɛ a ɛtaa ba
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe
• Mu duru a ɛso tew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu
• Anemia (mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a enni nipadua mu) .
• Mogya a ɛba yafunu mu

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Enzyme yɛ aboafo nketenkete, nanso ɛwɔ tumi a ɛma abɔde mu nneɛma a ɛma nkwaboaa yɛ adwuma wɔ yɛn nipadua mu no yɛ mmerɛw. Wɔboa wɔ biribiara mu fi ahome so kosi aduan a wɔyam so. Enzyme kakraa bi anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso dodo betumi de akwahosan ho haw ahorow aba. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ nyarewa bi a enni sabea nom nnuru a wɔde ka enzyme ho na aboa wɔn nipadua ma ayɛ adwuma yiye. Nanso, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ eyi wɔ oduruyɛfo hwɛ ase nkutoo.

Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ anaa nsɛmmisa bi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa. Dwuma a enzyme ahorow di no ho hia yiye ma asetra a ahoɔden wom!

` enzymes, aduan a wɔyam, nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛsakra, akwahosan, aduan a wɔyam, protein, carbohydrates, pH, nipadua mu nyarewa