So wopɛ sɛ wuhu Hairy Cell Leukemia nso ho asɛm? Momma yɛnkasa!

So wote nka sɛ woabrɛ bere nyinaa? Anaasɛ wuhu amane wɔ atiridii ne ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba bere nyinaa mu? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wobu saa nneɛma yi sɛ ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata, nanso ɛntaa nyɛ biribi foforo ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka mogya mu kokoram bi a ɛntaa nsi nanso ɛho hia yiye a ɛho hia yiye sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ ho asɛm. Wɔfrɛ no "Hairy Cell Leukemia".

Dɛn ne "Hairy Cell Leukemia" yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ kokoram bi a efi ase wɔ mogya mu. Yɛwɔ yɛn nipadua no fã bi a wɔfrɛ no nnompe mu ntini. Ɛyɛ saa nnompe mu ntini no na wɔde yɛ nkwammoaa ahorow a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no. Eyinom mu no, B-nkwaboaa (a wɔsan frɛ no `B lymphocytes`) yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi. Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛko atia mmoawa a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu na wɔbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho.

Enti, wɔ tebea a wɔfrɛ no `Hairy Cell Leukemia` yi mu no, nea ɛba ne sɛ wo nnompe mu ntini no ma B-nkwaboaa a ɛnteɛ . Sɛ wode afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so yi a, wubetumi ahu sɛ ɛwɔ nwi nketenkete a ɛpuepue fi mu. Ɛno nti na wɔfrɛ saa yareɛ yi ``hary cell leukemia'' ɛnam saa ``nwi'' a ɛda adi no nti. Nyarewa ho animdefo a wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ nkwammoaa no mu na wohu.

Dɛn nti na eyi ba? Dɛn na ɛto nipadua no?

Ɛwom sɛ wonnya nhuu nea enti a eyi ba ankasa de, nanso nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛto nipadua no bere a saa tebea yi aba no. Fa no sɛ wowɔ nhabannuru turo, na sɛ nwura nyin a wontumi nni so a, dɛn na ɛba? Nnuadewa pa no hwere baabi na ennyin yiye, ɛnte saa? Saa na ɛkɔ so wɔ ha nso.

• Nnompe mu nsunsuanso: Saa B-nkwaboaa a ɛnteɛ no fi ase boaboa ano wɔ nnompe mu ntini mu, te sɛ nwura. Ɛno ma tumi a ɛma mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, ne mogya nkwammoaa (nkwaboaa a ɛboa ma mogya tu) a ɛte apɔw no so tew.
• Ntini a ɛma mogya tu ne akisikuru a ɛho ahonhon: Nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so yi a ɛwɔ yɛn ntini ne akyi berɛmo mu no fi ase kyekyɛ na ɛdɔɔso, na ɛma saa akwaa no hohoro.
• Mframa mu nsunsuanso: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ yi tumi fa mogya no mu trɛw kɔ mmerɛbo no mu na ɛsɛe no. Eyi betumi ama nsu aboaboa ano wɔ yafunu no mu (tebea a wɔfrɛ no `ascites`).

So eyi abu so?

`Hairy Cell Leukemia` yɛ yareɛ a ɛntaa nsi koraa . Wɔ ɔman te sɛ Amerika mpo mu no, ɛba nnipa bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu biako mu. Wɔka nso sɛ saa tebea yi abu so kakra wɔ aborɔfo mu sen mmusuakuw afoforo.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?

Ɛtɔ da bi a ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ `Hairy Cell Leukemia` no rennya sɛnkyerɛnne biara . Nanso, sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi ampa a, ebetumi ada nneɛma te sɛ:

• Ɔbrɛ: Saa ɔbrɛ yi betumi aba esiane mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛso tew (anemia).
• Atiridiinini ne ɔyare mmoawa a wɔtaa nya:Esiane mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛte apɔw a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba fam nti, atiridii a ɛtaa ba ne ɔyare mmoawa a emu yɛ den taa ba.
• Yafunu no ase benkum mu yaw: Sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no mu boaboa ano na ɛma akyi berɛmo no hohoro a, ebia wobɛte ɛyaw wɔ yafunu no ase benkum so. Ebia akisikuru no bɛyɛ kɛse na ama woate nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo ma, na ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew bere a woadi kakraa bi mpo akyi. Ebia wo mu duru nso so bɛtew a wommɔ mmɔden.
• Ɛyaw a ɛba yafunu nifa ase: Sɛ mmerɛbo no sõ a, ebia wobɛte yaw wɔ nifa so.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den: Eyi yɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo.
• Ntini a ɛho ahonhon: Akuru a ɛnyɛ yaw betumi apue wɔ kɔn, asen, ne yafunu mu.
• Akuru anaa mogya a ɛtɔ soronko: Esiane sɛ nnompe mu ntini no ntumi mma mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛdɔɔso, na ɛboa ma mogya tu nti, akuru nketenkete mpo betumi aba.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ Hairy Cell Leukemia. Nanso, sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi kɔ so a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu.

Dɛn na ɛde ba? So asiane ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Abenfo da so ara nnim nea ɛde Hairy Cell Leukemia ba ankasa . Nanso, nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ yare no mu bɛyɛ 90% wɔ awosu mu nsakrae. Ɛka awosu mu abɔde bi a wɔfrɛ no BRAF. Saa awosu mu abɔde yi boa ma nkwammoaa nyin. Enti, sɛ ɛsakra a, nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ fi ase nyin na ɛdɔɔso a wontumi nni so. Saa awosu mu nsakrae yi ba bere a wɔawo yɛn akyi. Nanso, ɛda so ara ntumi nhu nea ɛde saa nsakrae no ba.

Nanso, wɔahu nneɛma bi a ɛde asiane ba a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya yare yi yɛ kɛse:

• Mfe a wɔadi: Saa tebea yi taa ka nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 40 kosi 70. Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mfe a obi adi bere a wɔahu yare no bɛyɛ mfe 58.
• Bɔbeasu: Saa yare yi abu so wɔ mmarima mu sen mmea.
• Agent Orange exposure: Nhwehwɛmufo gye di sɛ abusuabɔ bi wɔ saa nnuru yi ne B-cell leukemia a enni sabea ne lymphoma (a hairy cell leukemia ka ho) ntam.

Nsɛnnennen bɛn na eyi betumi de aba?

Hairy Cell Leukemia ma mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa no so tew kɛse, na ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ɔyare mmoawa no yɛ kɛse . Eyinom betumi ayɛ ɔyare mmoawa, mmoawa, anaa fungal yare mmoawa. Ɛtɔ da bi a, saa nyarewa yi betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.

Hokwan ketewaa bi nso wɔ hɔ sɛ obenya kokoram a ɛto so abien wɔ mfe pii akyi wɔ bere a wɔahu na wɔasa no akyi. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔyɛe wɔ nnipa a wɔasa wɔn `Hairy Cell Leukemia` yiye mfe 10-20 akyi no abɔ amanneɛ sɛ nnipa binom anya kokoram afoforo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu yare yi?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obebisa wo nneɛma te sɛ bere a wo sɛnkyerɛnne no fii ase ne sɛ ebia wotaa nya ɔyare mmoawa anaa. Obebisa w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm nso. Afei, wɔbɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu. Ebia wɔbɛhwɛ wo ntini a ɛma mogya tu, wo dwensɔtwaa, ne wo mmerɛbo nso sɛ ebia ɛho ahonhon anaa.

Afei, wobetumi de wo akɔ mogya ho ɔyaresafo anaa aduruyɛ mu kokoram ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo de akyerɛ sɛ woahu sɛ wowɔ bi. Ebia sɔhwɛ ahorow yi bi ne:

• Mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) ne nsonsonoe: Eyi kyerɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ne fitaa dodow, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ nso. Nsonsonoe no susuw mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow dodow.
• Mogya a wɔde gu nipadua no akyi: Nyarewa ho animdefo hwɛ mogya bi wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete ase de hwehwɛ nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a ɛwɔ ntini a ɛte sɛ "nwi" a ɛpuepue.
• Bone marrow aspiration ne bone marrow biopsy: Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi tumi hu nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so wɔ nnompe mu ntini no mu.
• CT scan (Computed tomography - `CT` scan): `CT` scan tumi twa nipadua no mu mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri. Wobetumi de eyi ahu sɛnea akyi berɛmo, mmerɛbo, ne ntini a ɛma mogya tu no kɛse te, anaasɛ yafunu no mu nnyigyei a ɛkɔ akyiri.
• Flow cytometry: Eyi hwɛ mogya ne nnompe mu ntini mu sɛ ebia nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ te sɛ nhwi nkwammoaa anaa. Ɛsan nso hwɛ sɛnea nkwammoaa no kɛse, sɛnea ɛte, ne sɛnea akisikuru agyiraehyɛde ahorow wɔ hɔ. Tumor markers betumi ayɛ protein ahorow a kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?

Sɛ wowɔ ɔyare mmoawa bi a, ɛho behia sɛ wudi kan sa. Afei, wobefi ase ayɛ ayaresa afoforo de adi `Hairy Cell Leukemia` ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Nanso, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ɛnyɛ obiara na obenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Wɔ nnipa a wɔte saa fam no, ebia wo mogya ho ɔyaresafo anaa kokoram ho ɔyaresafo bɛkyerɛ ɔkwan bi a wɔfrɛ no active surveillance . Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a, wobetumi akyerɛw nnuru ama obi.

Nneɛma a Wɔhwɛ So a Ɛyɛ Nnam

Hairy Cell Leukemia yɛ yare a enyin brɛoo paa . Ebetumi agye mfe pii ansa na yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ada adi. Esiane sɛ kokoram ayaresa betumi de ɔhaw ne nsɛnnennen aba nti, sɛ wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara a, ebia wo duruyɛfo besi gyinae sɛ ɔbɛtwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ obefi ayaresa ase kosi sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bɛda adi.

Bere a wɔrehwɛ wo so denneennen no, wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn asram abiɛsa kosi asia biara. Wɔ saa nsrahwɛ ahorow no mu no:

• Wobebisa w’akwahosan nyinaa ho asɛm, titiriw sɛ wote nka sɛ woabrɛ sen sɛnea wotaa yɛ a.
• Wɔbɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu de ahwɛ sɛ mmerɛbo ne akyi berɛmo no ahonhon anaa.
• Wɔhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mfa nhwɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa ne mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow.

Ebetumi ayɛ den kakra wɔ nkate fam sɛ wobɛtwɛn ma sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ada adi ansa na woafi ayaresa ase. Nanso wo duruyɛfo bɛte wo nkate ase na wakyerɛkyerɛ nea enti a wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nsiyɛ nhwɛ wo so no mu.

Nnuru a wɔde ma

Ayaresa titiriw a wɔde sa nnipa a wɔwɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nhwi mu ne nnuru a wɔde sa yare . Nnuru a wɔtaa de ko tia kokoram ne Cladribine (Leustatin®) anaa Pentostatin (Nipent®).

Sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare no antumi anyɛ adwuma, anaasɛ sɛ yare no san ba a, ayaresa afoforo wɔ hɔ:

• Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa: `Rituximab (Rituxan®)` yɛ `monoclonal antibody` ayaresa a wɔde sa `Hairy Cell Leukemia`. Wobetumi de ama sɛ aduru a edi kan a wɔde nnuru a wɔde sa yare anaasɛ sɛ yare no san ba bio a. Aduru foforo a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa ne `Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b (Intron A®)`.
• Ayaresa a wɔde asi wɔn ani so: Wɔ Hairy Cell Leukemia a ɛsan ba ho no, wobetumi de nnuru a wɔfrɛ no Rituximab ne Moxetumomab pasudotox (Lumoxiti®) (eyi yɛ antibody-drug conjugate bi) adi dwuma.
• Splenectomy: Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ wobetumi akamfo oprehyɛn yi akyerɛ sɛ nnuruyɛ te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare mmoawa na akyi berɛmo no kɔ so hohoro esiane nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ wɔ akyi berɛmo no mu nti.

So ayaresa no mu nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ hɔ?

Te sɛ kokoram ayaresa biara no, ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow aba. Titiriw no, nnuru a wɔde sa mogya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nhwi mu mogya mu kokoram no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nyarewa a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu no yɛ kɛse . Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ anammɔn a wubetumi ayɛ de asiw ɔyare mmoawa ano ne nsakrae a ɛba wo nipadua mu a ebetumi ayɛ ɔyare mmoawa ho sɛnkyerɛnne mu akyerɛ wo.

Dɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ kwan bere a wo ne yare yi te ase no?

Mprempren wonni aduru biara a wɔde sa Hairy Cell Leukemia. Nanso nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ ayaresa a nnuru a wɔde sa yare ka ho betumi ama yare no akɔ so agyae mfe 10 anaa nea ɛboro saa . Fafiri kyerɛ sɛ wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara na wontumi nhu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara wɔ nhwehwɛmu ahorow mu. Nhwehwɛmu bi a ɛhwehwɛɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ Hairy Cell Leukemia suahu mu no daa no adi sɛ sɛ wɔsa wɔn yare wie a, wobetumi atra ase akyɛ te sɛ nnipa a wonni yare no.

Nanso, mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ nhwi mu no betumi asan aba bio wɔ mfe pii akyi wɔ ayaresa a edi kan no akyi. Nanso, sɛ ɛba saa a, ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ama yare no asan agyae.

Nnipa pii hia ayaresa ne mmoa wɔ wɔn nkwa nna nyinaa mu, efisɛ ɛsɛ sɛ nnuruyɛfo hwɛ sɛ ebia ɛsan ba bio anaa. Sɛ mpo wowɔ yare no nanso wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara a, ɛho behia sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu na wodi akyi asram abiɛsa kosi asia biara wɔ bere a woahu sɛ wowɔ yare no akyi.

Dɛn ne dodow a wɔn ho bɛtɔ wɔn?

Sɛnea Leukemia and Lymphoma Society kyerɛ no, nnipa a wɔde nnuru a wɔde sa yare Cladribine saa wɔn yare no mu 90% te ase wɔ mfe anum akyi wɔ ayaresa no akyi. Nanso, wo nkɔmhyɛ — nea ɛba wɔ ayaresa akyi — gyina nneɛma pii so . Mfe a woadi, w’akwahosan nyinaa, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, ne sɛnea wo nipadua yɛ n’ade wɔ ayaresa ho nyinaa di dwuma. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa eyi ho a, bisa wo duruyɛfo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ m’akwahosan so?

Hairy Cell Leukemia ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nyarewa a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu no yɛ kɛse. Wubetumi ahyɛ wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu den na woabɔ wo ho ban afi nyarewa ho . Nyansahyɛ ahorow bi ni:

• ‍ : , , ‍, ‍ ‍ ‍ .
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ da biara da: Sɛ woyɛ nnam da biara da a, eye ma w’akwahosan afã horow pii, a wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ka ho.
• Da sɛnea ɛsɛ: Sɛ woanna sɛnea ɛsɛ a, ebetumi ama wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no anyɛ adwuma yiye.
• Nya wo vaccines wɔ bere ano: Vaccines tete wo nipadua ma ɛko tia mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa fa nnuru a wɔde bɔ wo ho ban a wuhia ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wonya ho.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Hairy Cell Leukemia ne n’ayaresa betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nyarewa a emu yɛ den na ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛde wo nkwa to asiane mu no ayɛ kɛse. Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara:

• Atiridiinini a ɛboro Celsius digrii 38 (digrii Fahrenheit 100.4) na ɛnkɔ fam.
• Menewa mu yaw a ɛtra hɔ bɛboro nna kakraa bi anaasɛ ɛyɛ kɛse.
• Yafunu mu yaw a ɛnkɔ anaasɛ ɛyɛ kɛse.

Nsɛm a Wɔaboaboa Ano ne Nea Etwa To (Take-Home Message) .

Ebia na woate nka sɛ woabrɛ sen sɛnea wotaa yɛ no a ntease biara nnim. Anaasɛ ebia woasusuw ɔhome mu yare bi a ennyae ɛmfa ho nnuru a woanom nyinaa ho. Seesei nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram a ɛntaa nsi a wɔfrɛ no `Hairy Cell Leukemia`, a sɛ wɔde sa yare a wontumi nsa koraa.

Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo . Ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ama tebea no akɔ so mfe pii a sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni ho. `Remission` a ɛbɛkyɛ kyerɛ sɛ w'akwahosan kuw no bɛhwɛ w'akwahosan so wo nkwa nna nyinaa. Na, sɛ Hairy Cell Leukemia san ba ampa a, nhwehwɛmufo kɔ so hwehwɛ akwan a wɔbɛfa so de tebea no asan akɔ `remission` mu.

Nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ wɔ wo fam. Sɛ nhwɛso no, kokoram ayaresa betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ɔyare no ayɛ kɛse. Bisa wo duruyɛfo no nnuru a wɔde bɔ wo ho ban ne anammɔn afoforo a wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ɔyare mmoawa no so.Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara, nnuruyɛfo ne akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛboa wo wɔ akwantu yi mu.

` Hairy Cell Leukemia, mogya mu kokoram, mogya mu kokoram, B nkwammoaa, nnompe mu ntini, akyi berɛmo, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow