Yɛn nyinaa ate fi yɛn mmofraase sɛnea dade ye ma nipadua no, na sɛ dade nni hɔ a, yebenya nyarewa. Yɛka "iron deficiency" ho asɛm bere nyinaa, kyerɛ sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu. Nanso so woasusuw pɛn sɛ dade pii a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nso betumi ayɛ ɔhaw kɛse? Yiw, ɛyɛ nokware. Saa tebea yi ne nea yɛfrɛ no "hemochromatosis" anaasɛ "iron overload" kɛkɛ wɔ nnuruyɛ mu. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka saa tebea yi a nnipa pii nnim ho asɛm, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ obiara hu.
Dɛn ankasa ne Hemochromatosis?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi ne bere a wo nipadua no twe dade pii fi aduan a wudi mu sen sɛnea ehia no. Mpɛn pii no, yɛn nipadua no ye paa sɛ ɛbɛfa dade dodow a ehia nkutoo na ɛpow nea aka no. Nanso wɔ obi a ɔwɔ hemochromatosis mu no, biribi asɛe wɔ nhyehyɛe a wɔde di dwuma yi ho.
Enti, esiane sɛ ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so ayi dade a ɛboro so yi afi nipadua no mu nti, nipadua no fi ase sie wɔ akwaa ahorow mu. Sɛnea yɛde nneɛma a yɛmpɛ sie yɛn fie ntwea so no ara pɛ. Bere kɔ so no, saa dade yi boaboa ano wɔ akwaa atitiriw te sɛ koma, mmerɛbo, ne dwensɔtwaa mu, na ɛsɛe saa akwaa no. Sɛ wɔansa eyi a, ebetumi de ne nkwa ato asiane mu. Nanso nea eye sen biara ne sɛ eyi yɛ tebea a wotumi sa koraa na wotumi di so .
Dɛn ne tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne? Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ?
Ɔhaw kɛse a ɛwɔ eyi mu ne sɛ egye bere tenten ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ada adi. Ɛwom sɛ mpɛn pii no, tebea yi fi awo mu de, nanso egye mfe pii ansa na nipadua no aboaboa dade a epira ano. Enti, nnipa pii fi ase nya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bere a wɔadi mfe 40 anaa 50. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobu wɔn ani gu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi so, na wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ tebea horow a ɛfata a ɛba bere a obi anyin no.
Momma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛwɔ saa tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw wɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no so.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Ɔbrɛ a enni sabea | Ɔbrɛ ne ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka bere nyinaa a ntease biara nnim. |
| Nkwaa mu yaw | Ɛyaw, titiriw wɔ nsateaa a wɔde kyerɛ ade ne nsateaa a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no nsateaa mu. Wɔsan frɛ eyi "dade nsa". |
| Honam ani kɔla a ɛsakra | Wora no nya fitaa anaa kɔbere. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea wɔahyew no owia. |
| Yafunu atifi yaw | Ɛyaw a wɔte nka wɔ baabi a mmerɛbo no wɔ, kyerɛ sɛ, yafunu no atifi nifa. |
| Koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ | Wobetumi ate nsakrae a ɛba koma a ɛbɔ ne koko mu yaw (arrhythmias) nka. |
| Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛso tew | Mmarima ne mmea nyinaa betumi anya akɔnnɔ a ɛba fam anaasɛ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu ɔhaw. |
| Mu duru a ɛso tew a ntease biara nnim | Mu duru a ɛso tew a wonhia adidi anaa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ. |
Dɛn nti na eyi rekɔ so? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?
Nneɛma atitiriw abien na ɛde hemochromatosis ba.
1. Nneɛma a efi awosu mu ba (Hereditary Hemochromatosis) .
Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa de di dwuma. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛyɛ awosu mu tebea bi a wunya fi w’awofo hɔ . Awosu mu abɔde bi wɔ hɔ a ɛhwɛ dade so wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔfrɛ no `(HFE gene)`. Sɛ nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae (nsakrae) bi ba saa awosu mu abɔde yi mu a, nipadua no ntumi nni dade so.
Fa no sɛ, sɛ tebea yi bɛba a, ɛsɛ sɛ wunya awosu mu abɔde a asɛe yi abien fi wo maame ne wo papa nyinaa hɔ. Sɛ wunya biako pɛ fi abien no nyinaa hɔ a, woyɛ obi a ɔde yare no kɔ so ara kwa na mpɛn pii no wunnya yare no. Enti sɛ w’awofo wɔ saa awosu yi mpo a, ebia yare no nni wɔn. Awosu mu nsakrae a ɛtaa ba ne `(C282Y)` ne `(H63D)`.
Bio nso, ɔkwan bi wɔ hɔ a ɛntaa nsi a wɔfrɛ no "Juvenile Hemochromatosis" a epue wɔ mmofraase, kyerɛ sɛ, mfe 15-30 ntam. Ɛnam nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛba awosu mu nkwaadɔm `(HJV)` anaa `(HAMP)` mu. Wɔ eyi mu no, dade a ɛboaboa ano no ba ntɛmntɛm yiye.
2. Nyarewa anaa ayaresa afoforo na ɛde ba (Secondary Hemochromatosis) .
Eyi ba bere a dade dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu kɔ soro esiane aduruyɛ tebea foforo anaa aduruyɛ mu nti.
- Mogya a Wɔtaa Ma: Ayarefo a mogya atɔ wɔn te sɛ thalassemia hia sɛ wɔkɔ so ma wɔn mogya. Saa tebea yi betumi aba bere a dade a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no boaboa ano wɔ nipadua no mu no.
- Mmerɛbo mu Yare a Enni sabea: Sɛ mmerɛbo no sɛe kɛse a, entumi nsakra dade yiye.
- Nsã a wɔnom boro so: Ɛnyɛ sɛ nsa sɛe mmerɛbo no nko, na mmom ɛma nipadua no mu dade a ɛtwetwe no yɛ kɛse nso.
Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a efi dade a ɛboro so mu ba?
Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, sɛ dade boro dodow a wɔhwehwɛ so a, ɛyɛ awuduru ma nipadua no. Esiane sɛ ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so ayi dade a ɛboro so yi afi hɔ nti, nipadua no de sie wɔ ntini ahorow no mu. Ɔsɛe a eyi betumi de aba no nyɛ nea ɛho nhia.
Ɛwom sɛ dade ho hia ma yɛn nipadua de, nanso sɛ ɛdɔɔso dodo a, ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ awuduru. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ yehu eyi.
Ɛka mmerɛbo, koma, ne dwensɔtwaa titiriw. Sɛ wɔansa a, nsɛnnennen a anibere wom a edidi so yi betumi aba:
- mmerɛbo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye: Dade a ɛdɔɔso wɔ mmerɛbo no mu na ɛde mmerɛbo mu yare ba, na awiei koraa no ebetumi ama mmerɛbo no adi huammɔ koraa.
- Koma a ɛyɛ den: Dade a ɛwɔ koma ntini mu no betumi ama koma no ayɛ mmerɛw na entumi mfa mogya a ɛdɔɔso nkɔ nipadua no mu.
- Asikreyare: Dade a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa mu no sɛe nkwammoaa a ɛma insulin no, na ebetumi ama obi anya asikreyare (Type 3c).
Nea ɛka ho no, ebetumi aka thyroid ntini, pituitary gland, adrenals, ne awo nhyehyɛe no dwumadi nso.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu eyi?
Sɛ wowɔ atifi hɔ sɛnkyerɛnne no bi anaasɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn. Oduruyɛfo no bedi kan abisa wo nsɛm kakraa bi.
- So w’awofo anaa w’abusua mu biara anya mmerɛbo mu yare anaa dade a ɛboro so?
- So wonom nnuru a wɔde ma iron anaa vitamin C (a ɛma iron a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu no yɛ kɛse)?
- Nsã dodow ahe na wonom?
Afei, wɔyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu na sɛ ɛho hia a, wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a edidi so yi.
| Sɔhwɛ | Dɛn na wuhu wɔ eyi mu? |
|---|---|
| Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu | Wɔsusuw nneɛma te sɛ dade dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu, dade dodow a wɔde asie (Serum Ferritin), ne Transferrin Saturation. |
| Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu | Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔakyerɛ sɛ eyi yɛ awosu mu tebea anaa no, wɔsɔ HFE awosu mu nkwaadɔm no hwɛ sɛ ebia nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae wɔ mu anaa. |
| mmerɛbo mu nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu | Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wɔde ade ketewaa bi yi ntini ketewaa bi fi mmerɛbo no mu na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu de hwɛ sɛnea dade dodow a ɛwɔ mmerɛbo no mu ne baabi a asɛe mmerɛbo no. |
| MRI scan a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu | Wobetumi de MRI scan adi dwuma sɛ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ yaw de asusuw dade dodow a ɛwɔ akwaa te sɛ mmerɛbo mu. |
Dɛn ne ayaresa a eye sen biara?
Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ hemochromatosis a wɔsa mu ne sɛ wɔbɛtew dade a ɛboro so a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no so na wɔakɔ so ayɛ nea ɛfata. Eyi betumi asiw akwaa ahorow a ɛsɛe bio no ano.
| Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so Yɛ Ayaresa | Dɛn na ɛba wɔ eyi ho? |
|---|---|
| Phlebotomy a Wɔde Sa Ayaresa | Eyi ne ayaresa a ɛho hia na etu mpɔn sen biara. Te sɛ mogya a wode ma no, ade bi yi mogya kakraa bi fi wo nipadua mu. Esiane sɛ dade a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no mu dodow no ara wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mu nti, sɛ woyi mogya no a, woyi dade no nso fi hɔ. Ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ eyi bɛyɛ pɛnkoro dapɛn biara mfiase no. Sɛ wotumi di wo dade dodow so pɛ a, ebia ebehia sɛ woyɛ eyi asram kakraa biara. |
| Iron Chelation Ayaresa a Wɔde Yɛ Ayaresa | Wɔde saa ayaresa yi ma nnipa a wontumi nyi mogya mfi hɔ esiane biribi nti (e.g., komayare, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu). Nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wɔde aduru bi (aduru anaa aduru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu) a ɛkyekyere dade a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu na ɛma woyi gu nsu anaa nsu mu no ma. |
| Nsakrae a ɛba wɔ aduan mu | Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ to nnuan a iron pii wom (te sɛ nam kɔkɔɔ, atoko) ne nnuan a vitamin C pii wom a ɛma iron twetwe kɛse no ano hye. Ebia obetu wo fo nso sɛ gyae vitamin nnuru a iron wom nom koraa na kwati nsa a wobɛnom. |
Asetra te dɛn wɔ tebea yi ho?
Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu ama wo. Nanso nokwasɛm ne sɛ, sɛ wohu ntɛm na wɔsa no yiye a, hemochromatosis yɛ tebea a wotumi di ho dwuma yiye . Wubetumi abɔ bra a ɛfata koraa, na apɔwmuden wom. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wobetumi asan akwaa a asɛe no bi bere a wɔafi ayaresa ase no.
Ɔhaw no ne sɛ, sɛ wɔansa wo yare bere tenten dodo a, ebia wo akwaa a asɛe no rentumi nsakra. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛ wowɔ biribi a ɛhaw wo a.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Hemochromatosis nyɛ dade a enni nipadua no mu, na mmom ɛyɛ nea ɛboro so .
- Mpɛn pii no, awosu mu nneɛma na ɛde eyi ba, nanso ebetumi afi aduruyɛ mu tebea afoforo nso mu aba.
- Esiane sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi bere tenten akyi nti, mmu w’ani ngu nneɛma te sɛ ɔbrɛ a ɛba bere nyinaa ne nkwaa mu yaw so.
- Sɛ wɔansa a, ebetumi asɛe akwaa a ɛho hia te sɛ mmerɛbo, koma, ne dwensɔtwaa no kɛse.
- Eyi nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro. Sɛ wohu ntɛm a, wobetumi de ayaresa a ɛnyɛ den adi so koraa na wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom.
- Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa wɔ eyi ho a, yɛsrɛ wo ne w’abusua oduruyɛfo nkasa.
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