So wo nso wote nka sɛ woabrɛ bere nyinaa? So wote nka sɛ wunni ahoɔden? Ebia wo duruyɛfo ahwɛ mogya ho amanneɛbɔ bi na waka sɛ "iron deficiency" anaa "anemia". Eyi yɛ ɔhaw a nnipa pii wɔ wɔ yɛn man yi mu. Enti, wunim nea odi ade titiriw a wɔfrɛ no dade yi so wɔ yɛn nipadua mu? "Boss" ankasa bi wɔ hɔ ma no. Wɔfrɛ no Hepcidin . Ebia woante din yi mpo. Nanso adwuma a ɛyɛ de ma yɛn nipadua nya apɔwmuden no nyɛ ade ketewaa bi. Momma yɛnka saa "iron boss" yi ho asɛm nnɛ wɔ yɛn nipadua mu.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hena ne Hepcidin yi?
Hepcidin yɛ hormone a yɛn mmerɛbo yɛ na ɛkɔ mogya no mu. Hormone ahorow te sɛ abɔfo a wɔhwɛ yɛn nipadua mu dwumadi biara so. Enti ɔbɔfo a wɔfrɛ no hepcidin no adwuma titiriw ne sɛ ɔbɛhwɛ sɛnea yɛn nipadua de dade di dwuma no so. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɔno na ɔkyerɛ dade dodow a nipadua no hia, dodow a ehia sɛ ɛkora so, ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛde saa dade no di dwuma. Ɛno nti na nnipa binom frɛ hepcidin "Master Iron Regulator".
Enti dɛn nti na dade ho hia yɛn saa?
Fa no sɛ adwumayɛbea bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde mframa pa kɔ yɛn nipadua mu nyinaa. Saa adwuma a wɔde kɔma nkurɔfo no kar ahorow ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no . Onipa a ɔhyehyɛ mframa pa a ɛwɔ saa kar ahorow no mu no ne protein a wɔfrɛ no hemoglobin . Enti dade yɛ ade titiriw a wɔde yɛ hemoglobin yi. Sɛ dade nni hɔ a, wontumi nyɛ hemoglobin. Afei mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no ntumi mfa mframa pa nkɔ. Ɛno na yɛbrɛ na yɛyɛ den wɔ ahome mu.
Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom dade ho hia na ama yɛatumi ayɛ protein myoglobin a ɛma mframa pa kɔ yɛn ntini ne koma mu no.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dade ne mframa pa a ɛma yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa nya nkwa no koma. Enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛma saa dade dodow yi kari pɛ. Sɛ iron nnɔɔso a, nyarewa te sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a dade nnim na ɛba. Sɛ dade dɔɔso dodo a, ebetumi abɛyɛ awuduru ama yɛn nipadua na asɛe akwaa ahorow. Saa kari pɛ a wɔbɛkɔ so akura mu no ne hepcidin adwuma titiriw.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na hepcidin di dade yi so?
Eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye. Yenya dade fi nnuan a yedi (nam, mpataa, nhabannuru, nnuaba) mu. Nanso nea ɛnte sɛ mineral afoforo no, yɛn nipadua nni ɔkwan a ɛbɛfa so ayi dade a ɛboro so afi mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ yɛwɔ sodium (nkyene) pii a, ɛbɛtwe akɔ nsu mu. Nanso dade ntumi nkɔ nipadua no mu ntɛmntɛm saa.
Enti, ɛkyerɛ dade a ɛboro so a wɔkora so ma wɔde di dwuma akyiri yi. Wɔkora saa dade yi so titiriw wɔ yɛn nnompe mu , .Wɔ akyi berɛmo ne mmerɛbo mu .
Eyi ne baabi a hepcidin ba asɛm no mu. Hepcidin de ne ho gye saa dade a wɔde di dwuma yi mu wɔ akwan atitiriw abiɛsa so:
1. Ɛhwɛ dade a ɛtwe fi aduan mu so: Sɛ aduan a yedi no kɔ yɛn dwensɔtwaa ketewa no mu a, nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ hɔ no twe dade kɔ mogya no mu. Hepcidin na ɛkyerɛ dade dodow a ɛkɔ mogya no mu ne dodow a wɔkora so.
2. Ɛsan de dade a efi mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dedaw mu di dwuma: Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, yɛn mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nkwa nna bɛyɛ nnafua 120. Sɛ saa bere no twam a, macrophages , mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi (te sɛ nipadua no ‘ahotew adwumayɛfo’) sɛe mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dedaw yi. Nanso sɛ wɔyɛ saa a, wɔkyere dade a ɛsom bo no na wɔkora so. Enti, hepcidin na esi gyinae sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsan de dade a wɔakora so yi ma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔayɛ no foforo no, anaasɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde sie bere tenten bi.
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Ɔkwan bɛn so ankasa na eyi yɛ adwuma?
Sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase a, ɛsɛ sɛ yehu obi foforo. Saa onipa no yɛ protein bi a wɔfrɛ no ferroportin . Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ adekoradan bi a ɛwɔ afiase dan mu a wɔde dade sie. Ferroportin ne "ɔpon a ɛma dade fi mu" wɔ saa adekoradan no mu. Sɛ dade bɛkɔ mogya no mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wobue ɔpon yi.
Nea hepcidin yɛ ne sɛ ɛhyɛ saa apon yi so.
- Sɛ hepcidin dodow kɔ soro wɔ nipadua no mu a , hepcidin kyekyere ɔpon bi a wɔfrɛ no ferroportin na ɛto mu . Afei, dade a ɛwɔ nkwammoaa no mu no ntumi nkɔ mogya no mu. Dade a wɔtwetwe no so tew.
- Sɛ hepcidin dodow so tew wɔ nipadua no mu a , ferroportin pon no nsiw kwan. Enti ɔpon no abue . Ɛnyɛ den sɛ dade a ɛwɔ nkwammoaa no mu no bɛkɔ mogya no mu. Dade a wɔtwetwe no kɔ soro.
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde nsakrae a ɛba hepcidin dodow mu ba?
Yɛn nipadua yɛ nyansa paa. Wɔma hepcidin dodow kɔ soro na ɛso tew sɛnea wɔn ahiade te bere biara. Nneɛma atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka eyi.
| Ade a Ɛwɔ Nkɛntɛnso | Nkɛntɛnso a Enya wɔ Hepcidin ne Nea Efi Mu Ba So |
|---|---|
| Dade dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa | Sɛ dade a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no dɔɔso a , nipadua no yɛ hepcidin pii . Ɛno mma entumi nnye dade pii. Sɛ dade dodow no sua a , nipadua no ma hepcidin kakraa bi na ɛyɛ. Ɛno bue apon no ma dade pii bɛtwe. |
| Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔyɛ | Sɛ ɛho hia sɛ nipadua no yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ foforo pii (sɛ nhwɛso no, bere a mogya atu akyi) a, ehia dade pii na ama ayɛ hemoglobin. Afei nipadua no ma hepcidin dodow so tew . Eyi ma dade a wɔde asie no fi hɔ na ɛboa ma wɔyɛ nkwammoaa foforo. |
| Oxygen dodow a ɛba fam (Hypoxia) . | Sɛ oxygen dodow a ɛkɔ ntini ahorow no mu so tew a, nipadua no susuw sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ oxygen a wɔde fa nipadua no mu (mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ) pii. Esiane sɛ eyi hwehwɛ dade nti, ɛma hepcidin dodow so tew na ebue dade apon no. |
| Nyarewa anaa Ɔfe | Eyi ho hia paa. Sɛ mmoawa bi (e.g. mmoawa) hyɛn yɛn nipadua mu a, ɔyare mmoawa no hia dade na ama anyin. Enti yɛn nipadua a nyansa wom no mma ɔyare mmoawa no nnya dade. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔayɛ eyi no, nipadua no ma hepcidin dodow kɔ soro ntɛmntɛm . Afei dade apon no to mu, na dade no nyinaa ahintaw wɔ nkwammoaa no mu. Ɔyare mmoawa no yɛ mmerɛw bere a dade nka ho. |
Dɛn na ɛba bere a hepcidin dodow no nyɛ nea ɛfata no?
Sɛ saa dade regulator yi adwuma no nkɔ yiye kakra a, ebetumi de ɔhaw akɛse aba. Sɛ hepcidin dodow sua dodo a, nipadua no benya iron pii (Iron Overload). Sɛ hepcidin dodow dɔɔso dodo a, nipadua no benya iron kakraa bi dodo (Iron Deficiency).
| Tebea | Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn na ɛba? |
|---|---|
| Tebea horow a hepcidin dodow a ɛba fam (dade a ɛboro so) de ba . | |
| Hemochromatosis a wonya fi awo mu | Eyi yɛ awosu mu yare. Wɔ eyi mu no, mmerɛbo no ntumi nyɛ hepcidin a ɛdɔɔso. Ne saa nti, dade apon (ferroportin) no bue bere nyinaa. Nipadua no twe dade pii sen nea ehia na ɛde gu akwaa ahorow te sɛ koma, mmerɛbo, ne dwensɔtwaa mu, na ɛsɛe wɔn. |
| mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a dade wom | Wɔ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ahorow bi mu no, dade a ɛboro so wɔ hɔ ankasa. Mfomso ahorow a ɛba wɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no mu no brɛ hepcidin a wɔyɛ no ase, na ɛma dade a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu no kɔ soro. |
| Hepatitis C a ɛma obi nya mmerɛbo mu yare | Saa mmoawa yi sɛe mmerɛbo no, na ɛtew tumi a etumi yɛ hepcidin no so. |
| Asikreyare a ɛto so abien | Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi ada no adi sɛ ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare no hepcidin dodow so atew na iron dodow akɔ soro. |
| Tebea horow a hepcidin dodow a ɛkɔ soro (iron a enni nipadua mu) de ba . | |
| Mogya a Wɔyare a Ɛwɔ Yare a Enni Mu (ACD) . | Eyi yɛ tebea a abu so yiye. Sɛ obi nya yareɛ a ɛkyɛ (e.g. asaabo mu yareɛ, kokoram, Crohn yareɛ) a, ɔfe ba nipadua no mu bere nyinaa. Saa ɔfe yi ma nipadua no mu hepcidin dodow kɔ soro . Afei dade apon no to mu. Ɛwom mpo sɛ dade wɔ nipadua no mu nneɛma a wɔkora so de, nanso wontumi mfa nni dwuma. Eyi de mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ba. |
| Nyarewa a enni sabea | Nyarewa a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ nso betumi ama ɔfe a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no ayɛ kɛse, ama hepcidin dodow akɔ soro, na ama obi anya iron a enni nipadua no mu. |
Nea etwa to no, hepcidin yɛ hormone a ɛho hia yiye a ɛho hia na ama dade a ɛkari pɛ wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Ɛdenam dade apon a ɛto mu na ɛhyɛ dade so no so no, ɛhwɛ hemoglobin ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔyɛ, ne oxygen a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so. Hepcidin nso bɔ yɛn ho ban fi ɔsɛe kɛse a sɛ dade pii hyɛn nipadua no mu a ebetumi aba no ho.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Hepcidin ne hormone titiriw a yɛn mmerɛbo yɛ a ɛhwɛ dade dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu so.
- Ɛyɛ adwuma denam "apon" a ɛde dade kɔ a wɔfrɛ no ferroportin a esiw ano no so. Sɛ hepcidin dɔɔso a, dade a ɛtwetwe no so tew, na sɛ hepcidin sua a, dade a ɛtwetwe no kɔ soro.
- Hepcidin dodow gu ahorow gyina nneɛma te sɛ nipadua no mu dade dodow, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ehia, oxygen dodow, ne ɔyare mmoawa so.
- Hepcidin dodow a ɛba fam wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so no betumi ama dade a ɛboro so na akwaa asɛe (sɛ nhwɛso no, hemochromatosis), bere a dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so no betumi ama dade a enni nipadua no mu ne mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu a ɛyɛ yare a enni sabea).
- Sɛ wowɔ nneɛma bi a ɛhaw wo wɔ ɔbrɛ a ɛkɔ so, wo ho yɛ fitaa, anaa mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ wo mogya mu ho a, bere nyinaa kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ansa na w’ankasa woasi gyinae biara . Oduruyɛfo nkutoo na obetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia de ahu nea ɛde ba ankasa na wama no ayaresa a ɛfata.
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