Dɛn ne HNPCC (Awosu mu Kokoram a Ɛnyɛ Polyposis Colorectal Cancer)? So kokoram bi wɔ w’abusua mu?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a yehu sɛ abusua bi mufo pii nya kokoram koro. Anaasɛ wɔka sɛ abusua biako mufo wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya yare no. Ɛno na yɛrebɛka ho asɛm nnɛ. Ɛwom sɛ eyi yɛ asɛmti a ɛyɛ den kakra de, nanso momma yɛmmɔ mmɔden sɛ yɛbɛte ase kɛkɛ.

Dɛn ne HNPCC ne Lynch Syndrome?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, HNPCC (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) yɛ kokoram bi a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu a awosu mu nsakrae na ɛde ba. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm bi a yenya fi yɛn awofo hɔ no ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ yebenya kokoram nkwammoaa.

Ebia woate Lynch yare a wɔsan frɛ no Lynch yare no ho asɛm . HNPCC ne Lynch syndrome wɔ abusuabɔ ankasa, nanso ɛnyɛ ade koro pɛpɛɛpɛ. Yɛfrɛ HNPCC pɔtee sɛ kokoram a ɛfa Lynch syndrome ho a wɔahu ansa na wɔadi mfe 50. Ɛnyɛ kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu nko na ebetumi aka eyi ho, na mmom kokoram a ɛwɔ awotwaa no mu (endometrium), dwensɔtwaa ketewaa, ureter, ne renal pelvis nso. Wɔ HNPCC mu no, kokoram no abu so kɛse wɔ akyi berɛmo no fã nifa so .

HNPCC abu so dɛn?

HNPCC yɛ kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu nyinaa mu 2% kosi 4% . Ebetumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu, nanso mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi na wohu yare no ansa na wɔadi mfe 50.

Dɛn ne HNPCC ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Wɔ mfiase no, ebia HNPCC remma yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara mma. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ kokoram no betumi anyin wɔ wo nipadua mu a wonte biribiara nka. Nanso bere a kokoram no nyin no, ebia wubehu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ:

• Yafunu mu yaw anaasɛ yafunu a ɛyɛ hyew.
• Aduan no nyɛ dɛ.
• Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu. (Eyi yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛho hia yiye, mmu w’ani ngu so!)
• Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka bere nyinaa (Ɔbrɛ).
• Mu duru a ɛso tew a ntease a ɛda adi pefee biara nni ho.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde HNPCC ba?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a yenya fi yɛn awofo hɔ na ɛde HNPCC ba. Sɛ wɔde saa awosu mu sintɔ ahorow yi fi awo ntoatoaso so kɔ awo ntoatoaso so a, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram no yɛ kɛse wɔ saa abusua no mu. Yɛfrɛ eyi ‘abusua kokoram yare’.

Abusua mu kokoram ho yare titiriw a ɛde HNPCC ba ne Lynch yare . Ɛnam nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛba awosu mu nkwaadɔm MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, ne EPCAM mu so na ɛba. Dwumadi a saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi yɛ ne sɛ ebesiesie mfomso ahorow a ɛba bere a DNA reyɛ foforo bere a yɛn nkwammoaa mu apaapae no. Fa no sɛ, sɛ saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, wɔansiesie saa mfomso ahorow no. Afei hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛteɛ no bɛyɛ kokoram nkwammoaa no dɔɔso kɛse.

So HNPCC yɛ ɔyare mmoawa?

Dabi, HNPCC nyɛ yare a ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛntrɛw mfi onipa biako mu nkɔ foforo mu denam ne nsa a wɔde ka obi anaasɛ ɔfefe so. Nanso, awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛde HNPCC ba no fi awo ntoatoaso so kɔ awo ntoatoaso so . Enti, mmusua a wɔwɔ saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae yi mufo pii betumi anya kokoram wɔ wɔn akyi berɛmo mu anaa kokoram afoforo a ɛne Lynch yare no wɔ abusuabɔ.

Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ wobetumi anya saa awosu mu abɔde a asɛe yi ne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya HNPCC no afi awofo hɔ akɔ mmofra hɔ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu?

Nnuruyɛfo taa yɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu de hwɛ sɛ kokoram wɔ akyi berɛmo mu anaa. Afei wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ colonoscopy , a nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wode afiri ketewaa bi a kanea wom bɛhyɛ wo akyi berɛmo mu de ahwɛ wo akyi berɛmo no mu.

Sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ HNPCC a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo . Ɛho hia paa.

Sɔhwɛ bɛn na wɔyɛ de si HNPCC so dua?

Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu na ama woahu sɛ ebia wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae a ɛbata Lynch yare no ho anaa. Wo duruyɛfo no nso bebisa nea ɛfa:

• So obi wɔ w’abusua a ɛbɛn wo mu (ɛna, agya, anuanom) anya kokoram wɔ akyi berɛmo mu pɛn? Titiriw sɛ wohui ansa na wɔredi mfe 50 a.
• Ɛsan nso hwɛ hu sɛ wunni awosu mu kokoram tebea foforo a wɔfrɛ no Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) , a awosu mu nsakrae soronko bi na ɛde ba sen HNPCC.

So oprehyɛn ho hia ma HNPCC?

Yiw, wɔtaa de oprehyɛn sa HNPCC yare. Wɔfrɛ saa oprehyɛn yi colectomy . Nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wobeyi dwensɔtwaa kɛse no fã bi anaa ne nyinaa afi hɔ. Oprehyɛn ahorow pii wɔ hɔ:

• Partial colectomy anaa segmental colectomy: Wɔ eyi mu no, woyi akyi berɛmo no fã a kokoram wom nkutoo fi hɔ.
• Protectectomy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ woyi akyi berɛmo ne akyi berɛmo no fi hɔ.
• Total colectomy: Wɔ eyi mu no, woyi akyi berɛmo no nyinaa fi hɔ.

Ayaresa afoforo bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ ma HNPCC?

Sɛ kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu atrɛw (atrɛw) akɔ nipadua no afã afoforo a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ayaresa te sɛ:

• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne nnuru a wɔde ma de sɛe kokoram nkwammoaa.
• Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa: Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ yɛbɛkanyan yɛn ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ma ako atia kokoram nkwammoaa.

Nnuruyɛfo taa pɛ sɛ wɔde nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa di dwuma efisɛ ɛtaa yɛ nea etu mpɔn kɛse na enni nsunsuanso bɔne pii.

So wobetumi asiw HNPCC ano?

Awosu mu nsakrae a wonya fi awo mu na ɛde abusua mu kokoram haw ahorow yi ba. Enti, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔbɛfa so asiw awosu mu nsakrae yi ano . Nanso, sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu wɔ Lynch syndrome anaa HNPCC a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wo nso woyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu anaa.

Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa ne sɛ ɛho hia a, oprehyɛn a wɔde siw ano no betumi atew owu ho asiane a ɛwɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ HNPCC mu no so.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ mewɔ asiane mu sɛ menya HNPCC?

Sɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu si so dua sɛ wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae bi a ɛne Lynch yare no wɔ abusuabɔ a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnhwehwɛ kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu fi wo mfe 20 mu . Sɛ wohu kokoram ntɛm a, hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛsa no yiye no yɛ kɛse koraa.

Sɛ mewɔ HNPCC a, dɛn bio na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan?

Sɛ wowɔ HNPCC a, ebia wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya kokoram afoforo a ɛfa HNPCC ho. Enti ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛtaa ahwehwɛ kokoram ahorow yi mu:

• Amemene mu kokoram
• Asaabo mu kokoram
• mmerɛbo mu kokoram
• Kokoram a ɛwɔ awotwaa mu
• Yafunu mu kokoram
• Honam ani kokoram
• Awotwaa/Endometrial kokoram

So wobetumi asa HNPCC yare?

Wontumi nsa Lynch yare no koraa efisɛ ɛyɛ awosu mu tebea. Nanso, oprehyɛn a wɔde yi akyi berɛmo no nyinaa (total colectomy) betumi asa HNPCC na asiw akyi berɛmo mu kokoram a ɛbɛba no ano .

Dɛn ne nkɔmhyɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ ma nnipa a wɔwɔ HNPCC?

Nnipa a wɔahu sɛ wɔwɔ HNPCC no mu bɛyɛ 60% da so te ase wɔ mfe anum akyi . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ayarefo 100 biara mu 60 da so te ase wɔ mfe anum akyi a wɔahu sɛ wɔwɔ HNPCC no. Mfeɛ 10 nkwa nna a nnipa a wɔwɔ Lynch syndrome nya nyinaa yɛ 70% kɔsi 88%. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea akontaabu ahorow yi yɛ hu, nanso kae sɛ sɛ wohu ntɛm na wɔsa no yiye a, wobetumi adi tebea yi so kɛse .

Sɛ mewɔ HNPCC a, mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wowɔ kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo bi a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara . Nea ɛbɛyɛ na woaboa ma woasiw kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ano no, wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma yi:

• Kwati sigaretnom.
• Di aduan a ahoɔden wom.
• Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa.
• Nya kokoram nhwehwɛmu a wo duruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ nyinaa.
• To nsa a wonom ano hye.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu.

So me ba no wɔ asiane mu sɛ obenya HNPCC?

Sɛ wowɔ Lynch syndrome a, wo ba no wɔ hokwan 50% sɛ obenya awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛde ba no. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wowɔ mma baanu a, ebia obiako benya awosu mu abɔde no na ɔfoforo nso rennya bi. Sɛ wonya awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛte saa fi awo mu a, asiane kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ saa abofra no benya HNPCC.

So FAP ne HNPCC kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu no yɛ pɛ?

HNPCC ne FAP (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis) nyinaa yɛ awosu mu kokoram, nanso awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae na ɛde ba .

Nnipa a wɔwɔ FAP no nya polyps pii wɔ wɔn akyi berɛmo mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa nnua nketenkete yi mpempem pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no polyps. Nanso, nnipa a wɔwɔ HNPCC no nnya polyps pii, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a kokoram betumi anya a enni polyps biara. Polyps a ɛba wɔ HNPCC mu no taa yɛ petee.

Wobu polyps a ɛba wɔ tebea abien yi mu no sɛ ɛyɛ nea edi kokoram anim , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebetumi adan kokoram wɔ bere tiaa bi mu.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi saa asɛm yi mu ne

HNPCC (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) yɛ kokoram bi a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu a awosu mu sintɔ bi na ɛde ba a ɛkɔ so wɔ awo ntoatoaso ahorow mu. Ɛne Lynch yare no nso wɔ abusuabɔ.

• Sɛ abusua bi wɔ hɔ a kokoram wɔ hɔ a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa ho.
• Sɛ wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne mpo a, sɛ wowɔ asiane mu a , yɛ nhwehwɛmu daa.
• Sɛ wohu ntɛm a, ɛda adi sɛ ayaresa no bɛyɛ yiye.
• HNPCC nyɛ yare a ɛde ɔyare ba, nanso ebetumi afi awosu mu.
• Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛtra ase wɔ apɔwmuden mu na woadi aduruyɛ mu afotu akyi.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi fa eyi ho a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. Wɔbɛboa wo.

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