So srade a ɛdɔɔso wɔ w’abusua abakɔsɛm mu? Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm (Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia - HeFH) .

Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ woate sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mu no yiye na ama woabɔ wo ho ban afi komayare ho. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛmfa ho sɛnea wudi w’aduan ne w’apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ so no, wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mu no nkɔ fam kɛkɛ. Ebia obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya komayare wɔ ne mmofraase. Eyi betumi afi awosu mu tebea bi a ɛkɔ so wɔ mmusua mu. Ɛno ne tebea a yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ, Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia, anaa HeFH tiawa. Sɛ oduruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ wowɔ eyi a, ɛho hia sɛ wunya ayaresa ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.

Dɛn ankasa ne HeFH?

HeFH nyɛ yare a yefi abɔnten kyere , te sɛ atiridii. Ɛyɛ tebea a awosu mu nsakrae a yenya fi yɛn maame anaa yɛn papa hɔ na ɛde ba. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, saa awosu mu nsakrae yi ma nipadua no tumi yi srade a epira fi mogya no mu no so tew.

Susuw ho hwɛ, srade fa mogya ntini a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no mu. Eyinom ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ.

Wɔ HeFH fam no, wunya awosu mu abɔde bi fi w’awofo no mu biako hɔ a ɛsɛe ɔkwan a wɔfa so yi srade bɔne (LDL) fi hɔ no . Sɛ wowɔ saa gene yi a, wo ba no wɔ hokwan 50% sɛ obenya bi.

Ebia woate tebea foforo a ɛwɔ din a ɛte saa ara, Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) ho asɛm. Eyi fi awosu mu abɔde a ɛtɔ sin a wonya fi awofo baanu no nyinaa hɔ no. HoFH yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den sen HeFH, nanso ɛntaa nsi koraa.

Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Sɛ wɔansa HeFH yare a, ebetumi ama wo LDL srade ne srade a ɛwɔ wo nyinaa mu no akɔ soro kɛse. Saa LDL srade a ɛboro so yi betumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ yɛn mogya ntini no afasu so, te sɛ efĩ a esiw paipu mu, na ɛma ɔkwan a mogya fa so no yɛ teateaa. Yɛfrɛ eyi "atherosclerosis" anaa "ntini a ɛyɛ den."

Sɛ eyi ba a, ɛsɛ sɛ koma no yɛ adwumaden sen sɛnea ɛtaa yɛ na ama mogya atwa nipadua no ho ahyia. Bere kɔ so no, koma no betumi asɛe na anya komayare. Saa tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw biako ne koko mu yaw a wɔfrɛ no angina. Sɛ wɔansa eyi a, ebetumi ama obi anya komayare anaa akisikuru.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ehia sɛ wɔhwɛ so ntɛm

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi a, kɔ ayaresabea bi Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara.

• Komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne:
• Koko a ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ den, anaa ɛyaw
• Akyi atifi anaa kɔn mu yaw
• Ɛyaw a ɛtrɛw kɔ abasa no so
• Akisikuru anaa ɔfe
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase:
• Ɔkasa a ɛyɛ den
• Basa anaa nan bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Anim no fã biako a ɛhwe ase
• Nipadua a ɛkari pɛ a ɛyera

Nipadua no afã horow a ɛwɔ soro

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a srade a ɛdɔɔso betumi de sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow aba nipadua no ani.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ saa yare yi?

Sɔhwɛ kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛnyɛ den a ebetumi aboa wo anaa wo ba ma woahu sɛ ɔwɔ HeFH anaa. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛma wɔahu na wɔasa no yare ntɛm ara sɛnea wobetumi. Ɛwom sɛ mmofra nkumaa nni asiane mu sɛ wobenya komayare de, nanso srade a ɛdɔɔso yi ma asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya komayare daakye.

Sɛ wo anaa w’abusua mu bi wɔ nea edidi so yi bi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woaka ho asɛm.

• LDL srade dodow a ɛkɔ soro a ɛntew ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔhwɛ aduan so (bɛboro 190 mg/dL wɔ ɔpanyin mu, bɛboro 160 mg/dL wɔ abofra a onnii mfe 16 mu).
• Cholesterol a ɛdɔɔso a wobenya wɔ abusua no mu.
• Sɛ obi nya komayare anaa komayare ansa na wadi mfe 60 wɔ abusuafo mmarima mu anaasɛ ansa na wɔadi mfe 70 wɔ abusuafo mmea mu.
• Honam ani akuru te sɛ xanthomas a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no a ɛwɔ hɔ.
• Koko mu yaw.

Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu de ahwɛ sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi wɔ hɔ anaa. Nea ɛka ho no, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu bɛma woahu srade dodow a ɛwɔ wo mu. Wɔ HeFH mu no, LDL srade dodow taa boro 200 mg/dL na srade dodow nyinaa boro 300 mg/dL.

Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wobetumi akamfo adwennwen ho nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ de ahwɛ sɛnea koma no yɛ adwuma anaa awosu mu nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a wɔde bɛhwɛ sɛ awosu mu nsakrae bi nso bɛkamfo akyerɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?

Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ HeFH ayaresa mu ne sɛ ɛbɛtew wo LDL srade "bɔne" dodow so na abɔ wo ho ban afi komayare ho. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde asetra mu nsakrae ne nnuru ka bom.

Asetra kwan mu nsakrae

• Aduan a ahoɔden wom: Kwati nnuan a srade a ɛyɛ dɛ ne trans pii wom (nantwinam, mprako nam, akutu ngo, nkesua a wɔayam, nufusu a wɔayam). Mmom no, fa nhabannuru, nnuaba, atoko, nnuaba, mpataa, ne nkokɔ a wɔn ho nyɛ den ka w’aduan ho.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ: Yɛ biribi a ɛma wo koma yɛ den, te sɛ nantew, asuguare, anaa sakre so a wobɛtra, anyɛ yiye koraa no nnafua 4 dapɛn biara anyɛ yiye koraa no simma 30.
• Wo mu duru a wobɛhwɛ so: Sɛ wo mu duru boro so a, fa aduan ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ so tew wo mu duru so.
• Kwati sigaretnom: Sigaretnom yɛ ade a ɛde komayare ba, enti sɛ wowɔ su no a, gyae ntɛm ara.

Nnuru a wɔde sa yare

Mpɛn pii no wo duruyɛfo bedi kan akyerɛw nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no statins . Eyinom yɛ adwuma denam nipadua no a esiw srade a ɛyɛ srade a ɛma ɛyɛ adwuma no so. Esiane sɛ srade a ɛwɔ HeFH mu no dɔɔso yiye nti, ebia ebehia sɛ wonom nnuru yi dodow a ɛdɔɔso.

Sɛ statin nkutoo nnɔɔso sɛ ɛbɛhyɛ dodow no so a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru afoforo ama wo.

• PCSK9 inhibitors: Eyinom yɛ nnuru a wɔde ma sɛ nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu. Wɔboa mmerɛbo no ma ɛma LDL srade no fi hɔ.
• Ezetimibe: Saa aduru yi yɛ adwuma denam srade a nipadua no twe fi nnuan a yedi mu no so.

Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔde nnuru yi mu abien anaa abiɛsa bom di dwuma.

Ayaresa afoforo

Sɛ srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu no dɔɔso dodo sɛ wode nnuru ne asetra mu nsakrae bedi so a, ebia wɔbɛma wo ayaresa bi a wɔfrɛ no LDL apheresis . Eyi te sɛ dialysis, baabi a wɔde wo mogya fa afiri bi a ɛyi LDL srade bɔne no mu na afei ɛsan de kɔ wo nipadua mu.